scholarly journals From CNTNAP2 to Early Expressive Language in Infancy: The Mediation Role of Rapid Auditory Processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 2100-2108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Riva ◽  
Chiara Cantiani ◽  
April A Benasich ◽  
Massimo Molteni ◽  
Caterina Piazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Rapid Auditory Processing

scholarly journals A LONGITUDINAL INVESTIGATION OF EXPLICIT AND IMPLICIT AUDITORY PROCESSING IN L2 SEGMENTAL AND SUPRASEGMENTAL ACQUISITION

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Hui Sun ◽  
Kazuya Saito ◽  
Adam Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Adult Learners ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
First Language ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Immersion Experience ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Chinese Learners ◽  
Processing Ability ◽  
Speech Learning

Abstract Precise auditory perception at a subcortical level (neural representation and encoding of sound) has been suggested as a form of implicit L2 aptitude in naturalistic settings. Emerging evidence suggests that such implicit aptitude explains some variance in L2 speech perception and production among adult learners with different first language backgrounds and immersion experience. By examining 46 Chinese learners of English, the current study longitudinally investigated the extent to which explicit and implicit auditory processing ability could predict L2 segmental and prosody acquisition over a 5-month early immersion. According to the results, participants’ L2 gains were associated with more explicit and integrative auditory processing ability (remembering and reproducing music sequences), while the role of implicit, preconscious perception appeared to be negligible at the initial stage of postpubertal L2 speech learning.

scholarly journals Designing a Social Skills Model Based on the Role of Expressive Language Components through the Mediation of Theory of Mind in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-125
Author(s):  
Mina Bakhshaei Shahrbabaki ◽  
Zahra Zeinaddiny Meymand ◽  
Amanallah Soltani ◽  
Hamdolah Manzari Tavakoli ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Model Based

scholarly journals Mice tune out not in: Violation of prediction drives auditory saliency

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meike M. Rogalla ◽  
Inga Rauser ◽  
Karsten Schulze ◽  
Lasse Osterhagen ◽  
K Jannis Hildebrandt
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Probabilistic Choice ◽  
Auditory Detection ◽  
Irrelevant Distractors ◽  
Serial Correlations ◽  
Low Probability ◽  
Psychophysical Studies

SummarySuccessful navigation in complex acoustic scenes requires focusing on relevant sounds while ignoring irrelevant distractors. It has been argued that the ability to track stimulus statistics and generate predictions supports the choice what to attend and what to ignore. However, the role of these predictions about future auditory events in drafting decisions remains elusive. While most psychophysical studies in humans indicate that expected stimuli serve as implicit cues attracting attention, most work studying physiological auditory processing in animals highlights the detection of unexpected, surprising stimuli. Here, we tested whether in the mouse, target probability is used as an implicit cue attracting attention or whether detection is biased towards low-probability deviants using an auditory detection task. We implemented a probabilistic choice model to investigate whether a possible dependence on stimulus statistics arises from short term serial correlations or from integration over longer periods. Our results demonstrate that target detectability in mice decreases with increasing probability, contrary to humans. We suggest that mice indeed track probability over a time scale of at least several minutes but do not use this information in the same way as humans do: instead of maximizing reward by focusing on high-probability targets, the saliency of a target is determined by surprise.

scholarly journals The Mediation Role of Dynamic Multisensory Processing Using Molecular Genetic Data in Dyslexia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 993
Author(s):  
Sara Mascheretti ◽  
Valentina Riva ◽  
Bei Feng ◽  
Vittoria Trezzi ◽  
Chiara Andreola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Visual Motion ◽  
Multisensory Processing ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Rapid Automatized Naming ◽  
Motion Processing ◽  
Visual Motion Processing ◽  
Molecular Genetic Data ◽  
Rapid Auditory Processing

Although substantial heritability has been reported and candidate genes have been identified, we are far from understanding the etiopathogenetic pathways underlying developmental dyslexia (DD). Reading-related endophenotypes (EPs) have been established. Until now it was unknown whether they mediated the pathway from gene to reading (dis)ability. Thus, in a sample of 223 siblings from nuclear families with DD and 79 unrelated typical readers, we tested four EPs (i.e., rapid auditory processing, rapid automatized naming, multisensory nonspatial attention and visual motion processing) and 20 markers spanning five DD-candidate genes (i.e., DYX1C1, DCDC2, KIAA0319, ROBO1 and GRIN2B) using a multiple-predictor/multiple-mediator framework. Our results show that rapid auditory and visual motion processing are mediators in the pathway from ROBO1-rs9853895 to reading. Specifically, the T/T genotype group predicts impairments in rapid auditory and visual motion processing which, in turn, predict poorer reading skills. Our results suggest that ROBO1 is related to reading via multisensory temporal processing. These findings support the use of EPs as an effective approach to disentangling the complex pathways between candidate genes and behavior.

scholarly journals The role of language ability and self-regulation in the development of inattentive–hyperactive behavior problems

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac T. Petersen ◽  
John E. Bates ◽  
Angela D. Staples
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
Differential Ability Scales ◽  
Panel Models ◽  
Hyperactive Behavior ◽  
Longitudinal Effects ◽  
Differential Ability

AbstractPrevious research has found associations but not established mechanisms of developmental linkage between language ability and inattentive–hyperactive (I-H) behavior problems. The present study examined whether self-regulation mediates the effect of language ability on later I-H behavior problems among young children (N = 120) assessed at 30, 36, and 42 months of age. Cross-lagged panel models tested the direction of effect between language ability and self-regulation and longitudinal effects of language ability on later I-H problems mediated by self-regulation. Language ability was measured by children's scores on the receptive and expressive language subtests of the Differential Ability Scales. Self-regulation was measured by three behavioral tasks requiring inhibitory control. I-H problems were reported by parents and secondary caregivers. Language ability predicted later self-regulation as measured by all three tasks. There was no association, however, between self-regulation and later language ability, suggesting that the direction of effect was stronger from language ability to later self-regulation. Moreover, the effect of language ability on later I-H behavior problems was mediated by children's self-regulation in one of the tasks (for secondary caregivers' but not parents' ratings). Findings suggest that language deficits may explain later I-H behavior problems via their prediction of poorer self-regulatory skills.

scholarly journals Rapid auditory processing and learning deficits in rats with P1 versus P7 neonatal hypoxic-ischemic injury

2006 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa M. McClure ◽  
Steven W. Threlkeld ◽  
Glenn D. Rosen ◽  
R. Holly Fitch
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Ischemic Injury ◽  
Learning Deficits ◽  
Rapid Auditory Processing ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Injury

Angelman Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin W. Barañano
Keyword(s):  
Angelman Syndrome ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Synaptic Function ◽  
Gait Disorder ◽  
Ataxic Gait ◽  
Synaptic Circuits ◽  
Ubiquitin E3 Ligase ◽  
Time Treatment

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder caused by maternal deficiency of the epigenetically imprinted gene UBE3A. It is characterized by severe developmental delay, an ataxic gait disorder, an apparent happy demeanor with frequent smiling or laughing, and severe expressive language impairments. Understanding the neurobiology of AS has focused on understanding how UBE3A is regulated by neuronal activity, as well as the targets of its ubiquitin E3 ligase activity. This has led to a model of the role of UBE3A in the regulation of experience-dependent sculpting of synaptic circuits. At this time, treatment is largely supportive, but efforts directed toward reversing the epigenetic silencing machinery may lead to improved synaptic function in AS patients.

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