scholarly journals Alterations of the Gut Microbiota in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 or H1N1 Influenza

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 2669-2678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silan Gu ◽  
Yanfei Chen ◽  
Zhengjie Wu ◽  
Yunbo Chen ◽  
Hainv Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging serious global health problem. Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in COVID-19 patients, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA has been detected in stool specimens. However, the relationship between the gut microbiome and disease remains to be established. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 30 patients with COVID-19, 24 patients with influenza A(H1N1), and 30 matched healthy controls (HCs) to identify differences in the gut microbiota by 16S ribosomal RNA gene V3–V4 region sequencing. Results Compared with HCs, COVID-19 patients had significantly reduced bacterial diversity; a significantly higher relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens, such as Streptococcus, Rothia, Veillonella, and Actinomyces; and a lower relative abundance of beneficial symbionts. Five biomarkers showed high accuracy for distinguishing COVID-19 patients from HCs with an area under the curve (AUC) up to 0.89. Patients with H1N1 displayed lower diversity and different overall microbial composition compared with COVID-19 patients. Seven biomarkers were selected to distinguish the 2 cohorts (AUC = 0.94). Conclusions The gut microbial signature of patients with COVID-19 was different from that of H1N1 patients and HCs. Our study suggests the potential value of the gut microbiota as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for COVID-19, but further validation is needed.

scholarly journals Approach to Pandemic 2009 influenza: first report from a main referral hospital for Pandemic H1N1 influenza care in Iran

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 629-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simin Dashti-Khavidaki ◽  
Hossein Khalili ◽  
Farid Gholamalipour ◽  
Abdolreza Soudbakhsh ◽  
Azita Hajhossein Talasaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Introduction: Pandemic H1N1 influenza A (pdmH1N1) was a major health threat worldwide. Methodology:  A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Iran. Cases of suspicious pdmH1N1 patients referred to the emergency ward of the hospital were enrolled in the study, regardless of whether the final location of treatment was the community, the hospital ward, or the intensive care unit.   Oseltamivir was administered within three hours of the patient's admission.  The median length of stay for hospitalized patients was 3 days. Results:  Gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea [164/434; 37.8%] and vomiting [98/434; 22.6%]) were the most common adverse reactions to oseltamivir in the study population, followed by dizziness (74/434; 17.1%). Out of 434 patients, 209 (48.2%) were treated in the community, 201 (46.3%) were admitted to the general ward in the hospital, and 24 (5.5%) were admitted to an ICU. Conclusions: This study provided insight on the effectiveness of oseltamivir in treating pandemic influenza A, as well as possible adverse reactions to the drug.  The study further drew attention to a variety of pdmH1N1 complications, in particular secondary bacterial pneumonia. We also determined that 2009 influenza A (H1N1) infection-related critical illness and mortality affected fewer elderly than younger patients. Additionally, it was shown that our approach to patients with suspected Influenza A/H1N1 virus in our hospital was compatible with World Health Organization pandemic flu guidelines in our country.

scholarly journals Situational Awareness and Health Protective Responses to Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in Hong Kong: A Cross-Sectional Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. e13350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuyan Liao ◽  
Benjamin Cowling ◽  
Wing Tak Lam ◽  
Man Wai Ng ◽  
Richard Fielding
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

scholarly journals Clinical impact of influenza – lessons learnt from the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Alex Dierig ◽  
Gulam Khandaker ◽  
Robert Booy
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Influenza is generally an acute, self-limiting, febrile illness without further complications in the majority of people. However, it can be associated with severe morbidity and mortality and the burden of the disease on society is likely to be underestimated. In 2009 an outbreak of H1N1 influenza A virus infection was detected in Mexico with further cases soon observed worldwide. Subsequently, in June 2009, the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century due to influenza A (H1N1) was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO). There were many uncertainties regarding the virulence, clinical symptoms and epidemiological features of this newly evolved influenza A strain. Over time, many similarities, but also some differences between the pandemic H1N1 influenza A and seasonal influenza were identified. We recently performed a systematic review of the literature, looking at articles published between 1 April 2009 and 31 January 2010, to identify the epidemiological and clinical features of the pandemic H1N1 influenza. In this current article we compare our findings with others from the international literature. There was more severe impact on young and healthy adults, children, pregnant women and the obese. Clinical features in general were similar between seasonal and pandemic influenza; however, there were more gastrointestinal symptoms associated with pandemic H1N1 influenza. Shortness of breath was characteristic of more severe pH1N1 2009 infection with a higher possibility of being admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU).

scholarly journals Gut microbiota: effect of pubertal status

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yuan ◽  
Ruimin Chen ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Xiangquan Lin ◽  
Xiaohong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gut Microflora ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pubertal Status ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Puberty Stages ◽  
Androgen Levels

Abstract Background The make-up of gut microbiota at different puberty stages has not been reported. This cross-sectional study analyzed the bio-diversity of gut microbiota at different puberty stages. Result The subjects (aged 5–15 years) were divided into non-pubertal (n = 42, male%: 66.7%) or pubertal groups (n = 47, male%:44.68); in both groups, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were the dominant phylum. There was no difference of alpha- and beta-diversity among disparate puberty stages. Non-pubertal subjects had members of the order Clostridiales, family Clostridiaceae, genus Coprobacillus which were significantly more prevalent than puberty subjects. Also, the pubertal subjects had members of class Betaproteobacteria, order Burkholderiales which were significantly more prevalent than the non-pubertal subjects. Their relative abundance was independent of BMI-Z. In the pubertal subjects, the abundance of genus Adlercreutzia, Ruminococcus, Dorea, Clostridium and Parabacteroides was associated with the level of testosterone. Conclusions This is the first report of the diversity of gut microbiota at different puberty stages. The various species of gut microbiota changed gradually associated with puberty stages. Differences in gut microflora at different pubertal status may be related to androgen levels.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota: Effect of Pubertal Status

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yuan ◽  
Ruimin Chen ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Xiangquan Lin ◽  
Xiaohong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gut Microflora ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pubertal Status ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Puberty Stages ◽  
Androgen Levels

Abstract Background: The make-up of gut microbiota at different puberty stages has not been reported. This cross-sectional study analyzed the bio-diversity of gut microbiota at different puberty stages. Result: The subjects (aged 5-15 years) were divided into non-pubertal (n=42, male%: 66.7%) or pubertal groups (n=47, male%:44.68); in both groups, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were the dominant phylum. There was no difference of alpha- and beta-diversity among disparate puberty stages. Non-pubertal subjects had members of the order Clostridiales, family Clostridiaceae, genus Coprobacillus which were significantly more prevalent than puberty subjects. Also, the pubertal subjects had members of class Betaproteobacteria, order Burkholderiales which were significantly more prevalent than the non-pubertal subjects. Their relative abundance was independent of BMI-Z. In the pubertal subjects, the abundance of genus Adlercreutzia, Ruminococcus, Dorea, Clostridium and Parabacteroides was associated with the level of testosterone.Conclusions: This is the first report of the diversity of gut microbiota at different puberty stages. The various species of gut microbiota changed gradually associated with puberty stages. Differences in gut microflora at different pubertal status may be related to androgen levels.

scholarly journals A Study on Awareness, Attitude and Myths Regarding Swine Flu Pandemic in Rural Communities of Coastal Karnataka: A Cross- Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 040-044
Author(s):  
Vinu E. ◽  
Sanjay Kini ◽  
Sanjeev Badiger ◽  
N. Udaya Kiran
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Swine Flu ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Common People ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Introduction: Swine flu being a dreadful disease, without an ounce of doubt, has caused a major fear among the common people of India across various strata of the society. In global terms, India was one of the most affected countries in terms of magnitude of cases and deaths of swine flu (influenza A H1N1) during the 2009 influenza pandemic which caused a lot of public hype and panic. Objectives: To study the awareness, attitude and myths regarding swine flu pandemic in a rural community of coastal Karnataka Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted in rural field practice area of the department of community medicine of K.S Hegde Medical Academy during the year 2015, using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire, consisting of details on socio-demographic factors, awareness and attitude about swine flu. Results: A total of 365 subjects were interviewed using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. 67.3 % of the subjects were aware about swine flu, tele-media being the major source of information. Among those who were aware about swine flu, 35.3% of subjects knew about the preventive measures. Conclusion: There is a need to build strategies to create more awareness about swine flu pandemic through effective mass media which is vital for containing the pandemic.

scholarly journals Physical activity and gut microbiota: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Gallè ◽  
F Valeriani ◽  
M Antinozzi ◽  
R Liguori ◽  
G Gianfranceschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Background The composition of gut microbiota, and in particular the intestinal abundance of the two main bacterial phyla of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, are associated with human health and diseases and may be conditioned by host and environmental factors such as age, gender and diet. The role of Physical Activity (PA) in determining gut microbiota composition has not been yet completely clarified. A cross-sectional study involving undergraduates from two Italian cities is ongoing to explore this relationship. Methods Students were invited to provide a fecal sample and to complete the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) in order to define their habitual PA level (inactive, minimally active, health enhancing physical activity -HEPA- active). Demographic and anthropometric information were also collected. DNA from fecal samples was analyzed through the 16S amplicon sequencing. Microbial composition and variability of the samples were evaluated on the light of participants' PA levels. Results A total of 153 students (47.7% males, mean age 22.4±2.9, mean BMI 22.3±2.7) participated to the study so far. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the main represented phyla. An increase in Firmicutes (58.3±16 to 61.4±13.3, p = 0.68) and a reduction in Bacteroidetes (32.6±14.8 to 30.3±11.4, p = 0.51) have been registered with the increase of PA level. A higher variability (expressed as Shannon α-index) has been detected in minimally active (3.39±0.03) and HEPA-active (3.41±0) individuals respect to inactive subjects (3.35±0.07) (p = 0.05). Conclusions Even if they are not significant, these preliminary results suggest a relationship between PA levels and gut microbiota composition. An active lifestyle seems to be associated with a greater microbial diversity in the gut. Further researches are needed to explain these findings. Key messages Physical activity seems to be associated with gut microbiota composition. A greater variability in gut microbiota was found in active people.

scholarly journals Smoking and gut microbiota: a cross sectional study involving students

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Cattaruzza ◽  
F Valeriani ◽  
A Sindoni ◽  
M Castrechini ◽  
M Antinozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
University Of Rome

Abstract Background Cigarette smoking is associated with oncological and non-oncological diseases. Tobacco smoking causes more than 7 million deaths per year worldwide. Cigarette smoking could impact not only on human tissues and organs, but also on the gut microbiota, i.e. the community of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study is to evaluate the composition of gut microbiota among smoker and non-smoker university students. Methods Students from Sapienza University of Rome were asked to fill a questionnaire about smoking attitude and to provide a fecal sample. Students undergoing therapy which could affect gut microbiota were excluded. Differences in microbial composition and variability between smokers and non-smokers were assessed. Results A total of 107 students (43.9% males, mean age 21.96±2.52 years, 30,0% smokers) were enrolled so far. As for microbial composition, Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios (F/B ratio) differed between smokers and non-smokers (5.34±16.66 vs 2.47±2.28). As for variability measures, smokers had lower Shannon index (3.43±0.26 vs 3.46±0.29). At Genus level, Prevotella was significantly more abundant in smokers (10.97±15.87 vs 4.86±10.86; p = 0.027) in comparison to non-smokers. Conclusions Our preliminary results seem to suggest that smoking habit affects gut microbiota. Smokers had higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and Prevotella Genus, while lower Shannon index. These preliminary data suggest that smoking habit may cause changes in gut microbiota pattern, but further research is needed. Key messages Smoking may cause changes in gut microbiota pattern. Smoking seems increases F/B ratio and Prevotella, while reduces gut microbiota variability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document