Short-term biological variation of plasma analytes in renal disease.

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
C G Fraser ◽  
P Williams
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Impaired Renal Function ◽  
Biological Variation ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Short Term

Abstract Analytical, intra-individual, and inter-individual components of variation were estimated from duplicate analyses of 11 plasma analytes in an average of 13 specimens obtained, over a two-day period, from nine patients with impaired renal function. Analytical variance was 17.3% of the total variance for sodium; less than 5% of the total variance for potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, albumin, and calcium; and less than 1% for urea, creatinine, glucose, creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2), and alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2). Average intra-individual variances were of the same order as those found in healthy individuals. All analytes except glucose showed strong individuality. We postulate that, in nonacute pathological processes where new homeostatic steady states are reached, biological variations around the new set points are of the same order as those found in healthy individuals.

Renal disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin Milner
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Impaired Renal Function ◽  
Anaesthetic Management

This chapter describes the anaesthetic management of the patient with renal disease. The topics include estimation of renal function, chronic kidney disease, renal replacement therapy (including haemodialysis), acute renal failure, and the patient with a transplanted kidney. For each topic, preoperative investigation and optimization, treatment, and anaesthetic management are described. The effects of impaired renal function on the elimination of anaesthetic drugs are discussed.

Influence of short-term venous stasis on clinical chemistry testing

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lippi ◽  
Gian Luca Salvagno ◽  
Martina Montagnana ◽  
Giorgio Brocco ◽  
Gian Cesare Guidi
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Venous Stasis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Binding Characteristics

AbstractControl and standardization of preanalytical variability is a critical factor for achieving accuracy and precision in laboratory testing. Although venous stasis from tourniquet placement during venepuncture should be minimized, as it has been claimed to account for spurious and significant variations for several analytes in plasma, there is controversy surrounding its real impact on laboratory testing. The aim of the present study was the investigation of the influence of short-term venous stasis on routine biochemical testing, by measuring the plasma concentration of 12 common analytes, including proteins, protein-bound substances, enzymes and electrolytes, in plasma specimens collected either without venous stasis or following the application of standardized external pressure of 60mm Hg using a sphygmomanometer for 1 and 3min. Although the overall correlation between measures was acceptable, the pattern of change was mostly dependent on the length of stasis, size and protein-binding characteristics of the analytes, achieving clinical significance for albumin, calcium and potassium after 1-min stasis, and alanine aminotransferase, albumin, calcium, chloride, total cholesterol, glucose and potassium after 3-min stasis. Statistically significant differences could be observed in seven (alanine aminotransferase, albumin, calcium, total cholesterol, creatine kinase, iron and potassium) and ten (alanine aminotransferase, albumin, calcium, chloride, total cholesterol, creatine kinase, creatinine, glucose, iron and potassium) out of the 12 analytes tested, after 1- and 3-min venous stasis, respectively. The most clinically significant changes from standard venepuncture, when compared to the current analytical quality specifications for desirable bias, occurred for potassium (1-min stasis, −2.8%; 3-min stasis, −4.8%, both p<0.001), calcium (1-min stasis, +1.6%, p<0.05; 3-min stasis, +3.6%, p<0.001) and albumin (1-min stasis, +3.5%; 3-min stasis, +8.6%, both p<0.001). As most of these effects are dependent on the stasis time during venepuncture and biochemical or physiological characteristics of the analyte, these variations could likely be anticipated, allowing the most appropriate preventive measures to be adopted.

Short-term estimation and application of biological variation of small dense low-density lipoproteins in healthy individuals

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Lara-Riegos ◽  
Eduardo Brambila ◽  
Ana Ake-Ku ◽  
Vanessa Villegas-Hernández ◽  
Carmen Quintero-Carrilo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Variation ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Short Term

Short- and long-term biological variation of cardiac troponin I in healthy individuals, and patients with end-stage renal failure requiring haemodialysis or cardiomyopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 1941-1949
Author(s):  
Nick S. R. Lan ◽  
Lan T. Nguyen ◽  
Samuel D. Vasikaran ◽  
Catherine Wilson ◽  
Jacqueline Jonsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Biological Variation ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Short Term ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
End Stage

AbstractObjectivesHigh-sensitivity (hs) cardiac troponin (cTn) assays can quantitate small fluctuations in cTn concentration. Determining biological variation allows calculation of reference change values (RCV), to define significant changes. We assessed the short- and long-term biological variation of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in healthy individuals and patients with renal failure requiring haemodialysis or cardiomyopathy.MethodsPlasma samples were collected hourly for 4 h and weekly for seven further weeks from 20 healthy individuals, 9 renal failure patients and 20 cardiomyopathy patients. Pre- and post-haemodialysis samples were collected weekly for 7 weeks. Samples were analysed using a hs-cTnI assay (Abbott Alinity ci-series). Within-subject biological variation (CVI), analytical variation (CVA) and between-subject biological variation (CVG) was used to calculate RCVs and index of individuality (II).ResultsFor healthy individuals, CVI, CVA, CVG, RCV and II values were 8.8, 14.0, 43.1, 45.8% and 0.38 respectively for short-term, and 41.4, 14.0, 25.8, 121.0% and 1.69 for long-term. For renal failure patients, these were 2.6, 5.8, 50.5, 17.6% and 0.30 respectively for short-term, and 19.1, 5.8, 11.2, 55.2% and 1.78 for long-term. For cardiomyopathy patients, these were 4.2, 10.0, 65.9, 30.0% and 0.16 respectively for short-term, and 17.5, 10.0, 63.1, 55.8% and 0.32 for long-term. Mean cTnI concentration was lower post-haemodialysis (15.2 vs. 17.8 ng/L, p < 0.0001), with a 16.9% mean relative change.ConclusionsThe biological variation of cTnI is similar between end-stage renal failure and cardiomyopathy patients, but proportionately greater in well-selected healthy individuals with very low baseline cTnI concentrations.

Round Table Discussion

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
ELVIRA GOETTSCH ◽  
RICHARD W. LIPPMAN ◽  
JOHN A. LUETSCHER ◽  
TALCOTT BATES ◽  
M. G. PETERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Impaired Renal Function ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Round Table Discussion

By considering the mechanisms of Na-balance systematically, it is possible to derive a rational approach to the restoration of balance, with relief of edema, in the presence of renal disease. The most promising approach, at the present time, utilizes Na-adsorbent ion-exchange resin. The possibility of immunologic neutralization of the biologic antidiuretic substances offers further hope, after further investigation. Recent work has emphasized the importance of K-balance in the presence of impaired renal function. It is especially important to remember this when instituting measures, such as those mentioned, which substantially alter the rate at which electrolytes are absorbed and excreted.

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