Biological variability in concentrations of serum lipids: sources of variation among results from published studies and composite predicted values

Abstract To obtain the best estimates of the average intraindividual biological variability (CVb) in the concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and triglyceride serum lipids in a person's blood, we evaluated results from 30 studies published from 1970 to 1992. The usually more applicable random-effects model estimated an average CVb of 6.1% for TC, 7.4% for HDLC, 9.5% for LDLC, and 22.6% for triglyceride. Composite estimates of the average CVb from all evaluated published studies by different models of estimation ranged from 6.0% to 6.4% for TC, from 6.2% to 7.5% for HDLC, from 7.0% to 9.6% for LDLC, and from 22.4% to 22.9% for triglyceride. Two important factors influenced the reported biological variation of the study subjects: (a) the magnitude of the variability of the analytical method used and (b) the design characteristics of the study--primarily the number of subjects, the sampling interval, and the number of measurements per subject. For TC, we found a statistically significant positive correlation between the reported mean CVb and both the number of study subjects and the analytical variation. For TC and LDLC we estimate CVb as a function of the study design features. The number of patient specimens required to obtain reliable estimates for serum lipid concentrations are determined from the CVb and the current analytical variation.

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Associations of preoperative serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with the prognosis of ovarian cancer

10.21203/rs.3.rs-210363/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qingqing Lin ◽

Wenchao Liu ◽

Song Xu ◽

Liping Sun

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Low Levels

Abstract Background The effect of serum lipids on ovarian cancer is controversial. We conduct this study to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative plasma lipid profile in patients with ovarian cancer. Methods The medical records of 156 epithelial ovarian cancer patients who underwent surgical resection in our department were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Serum lipids profiles, including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein A-Ⅰ (apoA-Ⅰ), apolipoprotein B (apoB) and clinicopathologic data were analyzed. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses and Kaplan-Meier method were performed to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results Multivariable Cox regression analysis found that preoperative higher LDL-C level was significantly associated with worse OS (HR 2.088, 95% CI 1.052–4.147, p = 0.035), whereas higher HDL-C level showed significant association with better PFS (HR 0.491, 95% CI 0.247–0.975, p = 0.042). Further Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that OS was longer for patients with low levels of LDL-C (< 2.76 mmol/L) compared to those with high levels of LDL-C (≥ 2.76 mmol/L) (P = 0.028), and PFS was better for patients with high levels of HDL-C (≥ 1.19 mmol/L) compared to those with low levels of HDL-C (< 1.19 mmol/L) (P = 0.001). Conclusions Preoperative HDL-C and LDL-C levels are significant predictors of clinical outcome in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

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Associations of Preoperative Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels with the Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer

10.21203/rs.3.rs-210363/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qingqing Lin ◽

Wenchao Liu ◽

Song Xu ◽

Liping Sun

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Low Levels

Abstract Background: The effect of serum lipids on ovarian cancer is controversial. We conduct this study to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative plasma lipid profile in patients with ovarian cancer.Methods: The medical records of 156 epithelial ovarian cancer patients who underwent surgical resection in our department were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Serum lipids profiles, including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein A-Ⅰ (apoA-Ⅰ), apolipoprotein B (apoB) and clinicopathologic data were analyzed. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses and Kaplan-Meier method were performed to evaluate the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).Results: Multivariable Cox regression analysis found that preoperative higher LDL-C level was significantly associated with worse OS (HR 2.088, 95% CI 1.052-4.147, p = 0.035), whereas higher HDL-C level showed significant association with better PFS (HR 0.491, 95% CI 0.247-0.975, p = 0.042). Further Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that OS was longer for patients with low levels of LDL-C (< 2.76 mmol/L) compared to those with high levels of LDL-C (≥ 2.76 mmol/L) (P = 0.028), and PFS was better for patients with high levels of HDL-C (≥ 1.19 mmol/L) compared to those with low levels of HDL-C (< 1.19 mmol/L) (P = 0.001).Conclusions: Preoperative HDL-C and LDL-C levels are significant predictors of clinical outcome in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

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Alteration of lipid profile and prognostic value of lipids on the length of hospital stay in COVID-19 pneumonia patients

10.21203/rs.3.rs-30552/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Qin Chen ◽

Minghan Huang ◽

Ziwen Zhao ◽

Yukun Luo

Keyword(s):

Hospital Stay ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Plasma Lipids ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Length Of Hospital Stay ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background The outbreak of the novel coronavirus SARSCoV-2 (coronavirus disease 2019; COVID-19) has spread to most of countries in the world. The tight relationship of plasma lipids and COVID-19 pneumonia (NCIP-19) has not been well invested. To observe lipid profiles and their alterations in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and evaluated the prognostic value of lipids for the length of hospital stay (LOS). Methods 248 NCIP-19 cases aged 18 years or older were enrolled in this study. Serum lipids, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were detected at admission. In 68 severe cases, levels of serum lipids were subsequently detected every 5 ~ 10 days. Results At admission, median levels of TG, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C in all patients, were 1.11 mmol/L, 4.00 mmol/L, 0.89 mmol/L and 2.11 mmol/L, respectively. Compared with common cases (n = 174), higher TG and HDL-C, lower LDL-C were observed in severe cases (n = 74). Levels of TC and LDL-C at admission were negatively correlated with LOS. In severe cases, the average levels of serum lipids were lowest at admission and gradually increased during hospitalization. Compared with the LOS ≤ 29d group, serum levels of TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C were significantly lower in the LOS > 29d group at admission; this lower trend always existed during the following tests for TC and LDL-C, but not for HDL-C and TG. Patients with LDL-C ≥ 1.70 mmol/L at admission showed a lower risk of LOS prolongation (adjusted HR = 0.557, 95% CI: 0.409–0.759, p < 0.001). Conclusions In NCIP-19, serum lipid levels were low at admission. Levels of TC and LDL-C at admission were negatively correlated with LOS. LDL-C < 1.7 mmol/L at admission may act as the independent predictor of LOS prolongation. In severe cases, the gradual increase of TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C during the hospitalization might indicate the gradual recovery of the disease.

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Impact of the occupational environment of a submerged submarine on cardiometabolic health of Royal Navy submariners

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2019-106292 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 77 (6) ◽

pp. 368-373

Author(s):

Frances Gunner ◽

Michael Lindsay ◽

Pieter Brown ◽

Anneliese Shaw ◽

Trish Davey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Prolonged Exposure ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Royal Navy

ObjectiveTo determine the effect of prolonged exposure to a submarine environment on biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk in Royal Navy (RN) submariners.MethodsSerum lipids (cholesterol (C), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C), glucose, insulin and anthropometrics were compared within three RN submarine crews before and after submerged patrols of 12 or 6 weeks, and with a crew that remained ashore (SUB-HOME). Dietary intake and activity patterns were self-reported during each patrol. Differences were assessed in crew characteristics using one-way analysis of variance and in serum lipids using paired t-tests.ResultsPostpatrol, the mean body weight of submerged crews decreased (−1.4±4.2 kg, p=0.0001), but increased in SUB-HOME (1.9±1.8 kg, p=0.0001). Modest improvements in serum lipids (mean individual change (mmol/L); C=−0.3±0.7, p=0.0001; TG=−0.3±0.7, p=0.0001; HDL-C=−0.1±0.3, p=0.0001; non-HDL-C=−0.2±0.6, p=0.012), glucose (−0.2±0.5, p=0.0001) and insulin (−1.5±4.6 mU/L, p=0.001) were observed in submerged crews. Changes in serum lipids were positively associated with changes in body weight within crews combined. Energy intake was maintained during submerged patrols but was lower compared with non-submerged (11 139±2792 vs. 9617±2466 kJ, p=0.001; 11 062±2775 vs. 9632±2682 kJ, p=0.003).ConclusionsThe environment of a submerged submarine produced no adverse effects on serum biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk in crew. Conversely, modest improvements in these biomarkers were associated with a decrease in body weight.

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Weight Loss and Serum Lipids in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgaa673 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 105 (12) ◽

pp. 3695-3703

Author(s):

Bashar Hasan ◽

Tarek Nayfeh ◽

Muayad Alzuabi ◽

Zhen Wang ◽

Aravind Reddy Kuchkuntla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Lifestyle Interventions ◽

Cochrane Database ◽

Lipid Parameters

Abstract Background Excess adipose tissue is associated with an abnormal lipid profile that may improve with weight reduction. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to estimate the magnitude of change in lipid parameters associated with weight loss in adults who are overweight or obese. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus from 2013 to September, 2018. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated interventions to treat adult obesity (lifestyle, pharmacologic and surgical) with follow-up of 6 months or more. Results We included 73 RCTs with moderate-to-low risk of bias, enrolling 32 496 patients (mean age, 48.1 years; weight, 101.6 kg; and body mass index [BMI], 36.3 kg/m2). Lifestyle interventions (diet, exercise, or both), pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery were associated with reduced triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) at 6 and 12 months. The following data are for changes in lipid parameters after 12 months of the intervention with 95% CI. Following lifestyle interventions, per 1 kg of weight lost, TGs were reduced by –4.0 mg/dL (95% CI, –5.24 to –2.77 mg/dL), LDL-C was reduced by –1.28 mg/dL (95% CI, –2.19 to –0.37 mg/dL), and HDL-C increased by 0.46 mg/dL (95% CI, 0.20 to 0.71 mg/dL). Following pharmacologic interventions, per 1 kg of weight lost, TGs were reduced by –1.25 mg/dL (95% CI, –2.94 to 0.43 mg/dL), LDL-C was reduced by –1.67 mg/dL (95% CI, –2.28 to –1.06 mg/dL), and HDL-C increased by 0.37 mg/dL (95% CI, 0.23 to 0.52 mg/dL). Following bariatric surgery, per 1 kg of weight lost, TGs were reduced by –2.47 mg/dL (95% CI, –3.14 to –1.80 mg/dL), LDL-C was reduced by –0.33 mg/dL (95% CI, –0.77 to 0.10 mg/dL), and HDL-C increased by 0.42 mg/dL (95% CI, 0.37 to 0.47 mg/dL). Low-carbohydrate diets resulted in reductions in TGs and increases in HDL-C, whereas low-fat diets resulted in reductions in TGs and LDL-C and increases in HDL-C. Results were consistent across malabsorptive and restrictive surgery. Conclusions Weight loss in adults is associated with statistically significant changes in serum lipids. The reported magnitude of improvement can help in setting expectations, inform shared decision making, and facilitate counseling.

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Biological variation of lipids and lipoproteins in fingerstick blood

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/42.12.2002 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 42 (12) ◽

pp. 2002-2007 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

S D Kafonek ◽

L Donovan ◽

K L Lovejoy ◽

P S Bachorik

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Biological Variation ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Biological Variability ◽

Laboratory Measurements ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Analytical Variability ◽

Lipids And Lipoproteins

Abstract The biological variability of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and calculated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was determined in three serial (monthly) capillary and venous specimens from 83 subjects. The analytes were quantified with a desktop analyzer. We saw no differences in the coefficient of biological variability (CVb) between capillary and venous specimens for any analyte (TC, 5.2%; TG, 14.7%; HDL-C, 7.2%; LDL-C, 5.4%). The average analytical variability (CVa) for each analyte, determined in quality-control pools, was; TC, 5.0%; TG, 5.2%; HDL-C, 5.8%; and LDL-C, 7.5%. Compared with standardized laboratory measurements, the desktop analyzer exhibited a significant (P < 0.001) positive bias for all analytes (average bias: TC, 5%; TG, 16%; HDL-C, 6%; and LDL-C, 2.4%). Thus, the biological variation of lipids and lipoproteins was the same in fingerstick and venous samples, and the desktop analyzer showed inherently greater analytical variability.

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Genetic Variance and Heritability of Serum Cholesterol and Triglycerides Among Chinese Twin Neonates

Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae twin research ◽

10.1017/s000156600000564x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 123-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

C.-J. Chen ◽

M.-W. Yu ◽

C.-J. Wang ◽

S.-L. Tong ◽

M. Tien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Cholesterol ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Genetic Variance ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Teaching Hospitals ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Taipei City ◽

Mz Twins

AbstractIn order to examine the genetic variance and heritability of serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides, a total of 349 pairs of same-sexed twin neonates born in four major general teaching hospitals in Taipei City were studied. Based on the placental pattern and 12 red blood cell antigens, 271 monozygotic (MZ) and 78 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs were identified. There was a significant genetic variance for total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides both unadjusted and adjusted for sex, gestational age and placentation. The unadjusted heritability of total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglycerides was 0.59, 0.30, 0.25 and 0.75, respectively; while the corresponding adjusted heritability was 0.74, 0.38, 0.31, and 0.49, respectively. Intrapair variance of serum lipids was not significantly different between monochorionic and dichorionic MZ twins.

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Associations of Serum Lipids with Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Centenarians

10.21203/rs.3.rs-274807/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yujian Chen ◽

Ya Huang ◽

ChaoXue Ning ◽

Qiao Zhu ◽

Yao Yao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Hdl

Abstract Background Dyslipidaemia and cognitive impairment are common in old adults and risks of both of them increase with increasing age. However, the relationship between lipids and cognitive impairment in longevous people is still unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between serum lipids and cognitive impairment in Chinese centenarians. Methods In a cross-sectional study, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were biochemically measured in 924 centenarians and cognitive functions were evaluated. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations of lipids with cognitive impairment and the risks for cognitive impairment associated with quartile of serum lipid concentrations. Results The results demonstrated HDL-C was an independent beneficial factor for cognitive impairment after controlling for the potential covariates (Odds ratio, OR = 0.350, 95% Confidence interval, CI = 0.159–0.774; P = 0.009). An inverse association of HDL-C with cognitive impairment was found (P for trend = 0.001) and the association remained significant after adjusting for possible cofounders (P for trend = 0.012). The OR of cognitive impairment for the lowest versus highest quartiles of HDL-C was 1.96 (95%CI, 1.09–3.45). Conclusions The results indicated that low HDL-C is likely to be harmful for cognitive functions in centenarians. The cognitive function of longevous persons with low HDL-C concentrations deserves more attention.

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The effects of long-term moderate exercise and Western-type diet on oxidative/nitrosative stress, serum lipids and cytokines in female Sprague Dawley rats

European Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1007/s00394-021-02639-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Donatella Semeraro ◽

Gunter Almer ◽

Melanie Kaiser ◽

Sieglinde Zelzer ◽

Andreas Meinitzer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

High Fat ◽

Nitric Oxide Metabolites

Abstract Purpose Regular exercise reduces obesity and the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, health-promoting benefits of physical activity are commonly associated with increased inflammation and oxidative stress. Here, we tested whether constant moderate exercise is able to prevent or attenuate the oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation, and serum lipids in lean and obese rats. Methods Four-month-old female Sprague Dawley rats received standard or a high-fat diet. Animals were subjected to a physical activity protocol, consisting of 30 min forced treadmill exercise for 5 consecutive days per week during 10 months. Baseline and sedentary (non-exercised) rats were used as controls. Lipids, oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, nitric oxide metabolites, and pro- and anti-inflammatory markers were measured in blood collected upon euthanasia. Results At variance to young baseline control rats, 14-month-old animals fed normal diet had increased plasma lipid levels, including total cholesterol and triglycerides, which were further elevated in rats that consumed a high-fat diet. While treadmill exercise did not lower the amount of serum lipids in standard diet group, forced physical activity reduced non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in response to high-fat diet feeding. Exercised rats fed standard diet or high-fat diet had lower abundancy of nitric oxide metabolites, which coincided with increased levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Accordingly, the amount of nitric oxide metabolites correlated inversely with oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and homo-arginine. Exercise significantly reduced inflammatory cytokines in high-fat diet fed rats only. Conclusion Our study suggests that regular exercise alters the equilibrium between oxidative and anti-oxidative compounds and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines.

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Associations of Serum Lipids With Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Chinese Centenarians

10.21203/rs.3.rs-145816/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yujian Chen ◽

Ya Huang ◽

ChaoXue Ning ◽

Qiao Zhu ◽

Yao Yao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Hdl

Abstract Background: Dyslipidaemia and cognitive impairment are common in old adults and risks of both of them increase with increasing age. However, the relationship between lipids and cognitive impairment in longevous people is still unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between serum lipids and cognitive impairment in Chinese centenarians.Methods: In a cross-sectional study , total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were biochemically measured in 924 centenarians and cognitive functions were evaluated. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations of lipids with cognitive impairment and the risks for cognitive impairment associated with quartile of serum lipid concentrations.Results: The results demonstrated HDL-C was an independent beneficial factor for cognitive impairment after controlling for the potential covariates (Odds ratio, OR=0.350, 95% Confidence interval, CI=0.159–0.774; P=0.009). An inverse association of HDL-C with cognitive impairment was found (P for trend=0.001) and the association remained significant after adjusting for possible cofounders (P for trend =0.012). The OR of cognitive impairment for the lowest versus highest quartiles of HDL-C was 1.96 (95%CI, 1.09–3.45).Conclusions: The results indicated that low HDL-C is likely to be harmful for cognitive functions in centenarians. The cognitive function of longevous persons with low HDL-C concentrations deserves more attention.

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