scholarly journals Low-density lipoprotein susceptibility to in vitro oxidation in healthy smokers and nonsmokers

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Siekmeier ◽  
P Wülfroth ◽  
H Wieland ◽  
W Gross ◽  
W März
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Lag Times

Abstract We analyzed the susceptibility of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) to oxidation in 17 healthy smokers (43.3 +/- 16.8 pack-years) and 19 healthy nonsmokers, matched for age (smokers: 52 +/- 7 years; nonsmokers: 53 +/- 7 years), gender, and relative body mass. Cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein (apo) B were not different between smokers and nonsmokers; apo A-I was slightly lower in smokers (one-tailed P = 0.066). To study whether LDL from smokers were prone to in vitro oxidation than LDL from nonsmokers, we measured the time kinetics of diene formation and the production of malondialdehyde during oxidation of LDL in vitro. In smokers and nonsmokers, respectively, the mean (+/-SD) lag times (tinh) of diene formation were 111 +/- 26 and 100 +/- 27 min, the peak rates of diene formation (Vmax) were 5.99 +/- 2.34 and 6.34 +/- 2.30 mmol x min-1 x g-1, and the amounts of dienes produced during the propagation phase (dmax) were 250 +/- 264 and 248 +/- 56 mmol x g-1. Neither the malondialdehyde content of LDL (measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances) before oxidation nor the amount of malondialdehyde generated during oxidation (smokers: 57.0 +/- 14.2 micromol x g-1; nonsmokers: 63.2 +/- 15.2 micromol x g-1 indicated any statistically significant effect of smoking. When nonsmokers and smokers were considered together, the amount of malondialdehyde generated during oxidation correlated with age (nonparametric rs = 0.405), body mass index (r2 = 0.573), and concentrations of apo B (rs = 0.480), cholesterol (rs = 0.448), triglycerides (rs = 0.436), and LDL cholesterol (rs = 0.398). Our data show that smoking is not associated with increased oxidizability of LDL in healthy men and women at ages 42-63 years.

scholarly journals Trends in Apolipoprotein B, Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, and Hemoglobin A1C Among US Adults with Diagnosed Diabetes, 2005-2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Wang ◽  
Di Zhu ◽  
Yang Du ◽  
Yangbo Sun ◽  
Linda Snetselaar
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Cholesterol Goal

Abstract Background: The control of blood glucose and athero­genic cholesterol particle concentrations is fundamental for patients with diabetes. The objective of this study was to examine trends in levels of apolipoprotein B (apo B), non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and hemoglobin A1c (A1C) and changes in the proportion of patients who achieved their glycemic and lipid goals between 2005 and 2018.Methods: We conducted a serial cross-sectional analysis of the US nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys form 2005 through 2018. Results: In total, 5536 adults aged 20 years or older with diabetes were included (weighted mean age, 60.2 years; female, 50.1%). Among all adults with diabetes, the age-adjusted mean apo B levels did not decrease significantly from 2005 to 2016 (P =0.077). The age-adjusted mean non-HDL cholesterol levels reduced significantly (P =0.004) from 2005 to 2018. In 2017-2018, 55.3% of patients achieved the A1C goal of <7% and 43.8% achieved the non-HDL cholesterol goal of <130 mg/dl. In 2015-2016, 47.3% achieved the apo B goal of <90 mg/dL, 57.2% achieved the LDL cholesterol goal of <100 mg/dl, while 30.6% achieved all four glycemic and lipid goals. The success rates for achieving the goals of apo B, non-HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were higher in older compared with younger subjects, while white patients exhibited better glycemic control than Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic black patients.Conclusion: Among adults with diabetes, there was a significant reduction in non-HDL cholesterol level while there was no change in levels of apo B, LDL cholesterol or A1C over the past decade. Nevertheless, large percentages of adults with diabetes continue to have higher levels of apo B, non-HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and A1C.

Platelet Aggregation and Plasma Lipoproteins in Alcoholics During Alcohol Withdrawal

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (02) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Desai ◽  
J S Owen ◽  
D T Wilson ◽  
R A Hutton
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Content ◽  
Low Density

SummaryPlatelet aggregation, platelet lipid composition and plasma lipoprotein concentrations were measured each week in a group of seventeen alcoholics, without overt liver disease, for one month, following acute, total alcohol withdrawal. The platelets were initially hypoaggregable but, within 1-2 weeks of cessation of drinking, they became hyperaggregable and then gradually returned towards normal values. Hyperaggregability could not be explained by increases in either the cholesterol or the arachidonic acid content of the platelets. Plasma very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels remained high throughout the study, but the initially raised levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol fell by 26%. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration rose by 10% after two weeks of withdrawal but then returned to about the starting level. The resulting changes in the plasma LDL-cholesterol: HDL-cholesterol ratio, which had increased by more than 50% after two weeks of abstinence, essentially paralleled the time course of enhanced platelet reactivity in all but four of the alcoholics. These findings suggest that alterations in plasma lipoprotein concentrations during acute alcohol withdrawal may be a contributory factor to the haemostatic disorders present in such patients.

Effect of the periparturient period on serum lipid and cholesterol lipoprotein concentrations in goats (Capra hircus)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Skotnicka ◽  
Zbigniew Muszczyński ◽  
Maria Suska
Keyword(s):  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Periparturient Period

Blood samples were taken from 12 goats during the periparturient period (4 and 1 weeks before and 2, 10 and 30 days after delivery), and from 10 nonpregnant goats. The following variables were determined: total lipids (TL), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TCH) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol fractions. One week before delivery TL (2.32 ± 0.12 g/l, P ≤ 0.05), TG (0.32 ± 0.16 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.001) and TCH concentrations (1.65 ± 0.42 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.05) were significantly increased as compared to non-pregnant goats (2.08 ± 0.28 g/l, 0.15 ± 0.05 mmol/l, 1.38 ± 0.19 mmol/l, respectively). After delivery, the concentrations of TL, TG, TCH and HDL decreased significantly. The lowest TG concentration was observed 2 days after delivery (0.18 ± 0.02 mmol/l), while TL (1.73 ± 0.21 g/l), TCH (0.95 ± 0.21 mmol/l) and HDL (0.74 ± 0.16 mmol/l) reached the lowest level 10 days after delivery. Two days after delivery a significant increase of LDL concentration was observed (0.38 ± 0.04 mmol/l); however, ten days after delivery a threefold decrease was shown in the LDL concentration (0.12 ± 0.04 mmol/l). A month after delivery all the variables studied reached levels similar to those measured in non-pregnant goats.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATA N EKSTRAK DAUN WUNGU {Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff.} UNTUK PENURUNAN KADAR KOLESTEROL SERUM DARAH MENCIT BETINA YANG DIOVARIEKTOMI

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Listijani Suhargo
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice

The purpose of this research was conducted to evaluate the effects of daun wungu extracts to decrease total cholesterol, LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) and HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) cholesterol of ovariectomized mice. This research used 24 ovariectomized mice and 8 normal mice. The ovariectomized mice were grouped in 3 groups for K1 (the treatment with aquadest, 0.05 ml), K2 (the treatment with fish oil, 0.05 ml) and P (the treatment with daun wungu extracts, 0.5 mg in 0.05 ml fish oil). All treatments were done for 20 days. At the end of the treatments, the blood (0.5 ml) was taken from cardiac by tuberculin disposable syringe. And then with fotometry, serum total, LDL and HDL cholesterol were measured. The result of this research showed that daun wungu extracts (0.5 mg in 0.05 ml fish oil) could not decrease HDL cholesterol, but it could decrease total and LDL cholesterol of blood serum in ovariectomized mice.

Biological variability of cholesterol, triglyceride, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), and apolipoproteins A-I and B

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 574-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Marcovina ◽  
V P Gaur ◽  
J J Albers
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Biological Variability ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Biological variability is a major contributor to the inaccuracy of cardiovascular risk assessments based on measurement of lipids, lipoproteins, or apolipoproteins. We obtained estimates of biological variation (CVb) for 20 healthy adults and calculated the percentiles of CVb as an expression of the variability of CVb among individuals for cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apo B, and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] by four biweekly measurements of these analytes. The CVb for the group was approximately 6-7% for cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, apo A-I, and apo B; approximately 9% for LDL cholesterol; and 28% for triglyceride. However, for each analyte, there was a considerable variation of CVb among individuals. For all analytes except Lp(a), there was no relation between the individual's CVb and the analyte concentration. Lp(a) was inversely related to CVb, and there was a very wide variation in the CVb for Lp(a) among the participants, ranging from 1% to 51%. The number of independent analyses to perform to accurately assess an individual's risk for coronary artery disease should be determined on the basis of the individual CVb for a given analyte rather than the average CVb.

Relation of lipoprotein(a) in 11- to 19-year-old adolescents to parental cardiovascular heart disease

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Vella ◽  
E Jover
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Cardiovascular Heart Disease

Abstract We studied several risk factors in relation to parental cardiovascular heart disease: total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apo B, and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] were determined in 322 serum samples (43 from subjects with and 279 without parental cardiovascular heart disease). The distribution of Lp(a) concentrations in our young population was similar to that of other white populations, i.e., markedly skewed, with higher frequencies at low values. As compared with children whose parents did not report cardiovascular heart disease, those with affected parents had a higher mean Lp(a) (0.23 vs 0.18 g/L; P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, 42% of the children with parental cardiovascular heart disease, but only 19% of those with no parental cardiovascular heart disease, exhibited Lp(a) values &gt; 0.30 g/L. These results suggest not only that Lp(a) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular heart disease, but also that Lp(a) is more strongly related to the risk of cardiovascular heart disease than are HDL- and LDL-cholesterol and apo A-I and B.

scholarly journals Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity and low-density lipoprotein subfractions after a 2-year treatment with atorvastatin in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Krebs ◽  
Juergen Doerfer ◽  
Alexandra Krause ◽  
Juergen Grulich-Henn ◽  
Martin Holder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Pla2 Activity ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Small Dense Ldl ◽  
Long Term Treatment

AbstractBackground:The objective of the study was to assess the effect of atorvastatin on inflammation markers and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions.Methods:In a prospective, randomized, double-blind pilot study involving 28 adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase AResults:For the atorvastatin group, we found posttreatment reductions of Lp-PLA2 activity (p<0.001), LDL cholesterol (p=0.001), non-small dense LDL cholesterol (p<0.001), total cholesterol (p<0.001), and apolipoprotein B (apo B) (p<0.001), whereas small dense LDL cholesterol and hsCRP did not change significantly.Conclusions:In adolescents with T1D, long-term treatment with atorvastatin is safe and may reduce cardiovascular risk by significant decreases of Lp-PLA2 activity and LDL cholesterol.

Improved Measurement of Low-Density-Lipoprotein Susceptibility to Copper-Induced Oxidation: Application of a Short Procedure for Isolating Low-Density Lipoprotein

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 2066-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
H A Kleinveld ◽  
H L Hak-Lemmers ◽  
A F Stalenhoef ◽  
P N Demacker
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Ldl Oxidation ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Short Run

Abstract Low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation may provide the crucial link between plasma LDL and atherosclerotic-lesion formation. Oxidation can be induced in vitro by incubating LDL with cells or metal ions and can be measured by continuously monitoring conjugated-diene absorbance at 234 nm. Measurement of LDL oxidizability was improved by performing the assay with 0.05 g of LDL-protein per liter of phosphate buffer containing 1 mumol of EDTA, by initiating oxidation by adding CuCl2 (5 mumol/L) at 30 degrees C, and by using a short-run ultracentrifugation method for isolating LDL, which reduced the time needed for obtaining purified LDL and thus reduced in vitro oxidation. LDL apolipoprotein analysis and oxidizability determination showed that this method is better than the longer sequential-isolation procedure. Adding butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) to plasma as an antioxidant unpredictably increased the LDL oxidation lag time, making BHT unsuitable as an antioxidant. Adding EDTA appeared to be sufficient to prevent in vitro oxidation. Additionally, the diene production correlated highly with the concentration of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (r = 0.97). No relation between the vitamin E content of LDL and the oxidation lag time was found.

Bezafibrate

1983 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 75-76
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
The Uk

Bezafibrate (Bezalip - MCP), an analogue of clofibrate (Atromid-S), has been marketed in the UK for two years. Like clofibrate 1 it lowers both triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in plasma. The reduction is usually in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, whilst high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol rises. Like other lipid-lowering drugs, it should be used only where appropriate dietary measures have failed and where the hyperlipidaemia poses a significant risk.2

Effect of a Long-Term Fat-Modified Diet on Serum Lipoprotein Levels of Cholesterol and Triglyceride in Patients on Home Haemodialysis

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. J. Wass ◽  
R. J. Jarrett ◽  
V. Meilton ◽  
M. K. Start ◽  
M. Mattock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Home Haemodialysis ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Modified Diet

1. Changes in serum total and lipoprotein fraction triglyceride and cholesterol levels were studied in 24 adults on home haemodialysis. Half the patients were randomly allocated to a low cholesterol (mean 200 mg/day), fat-modified diet (mean polyunsaturated/saturated fat ratio of 1.0 with a mean of 43% of the total energy content derived from fat). 2. Before dietary manipulation, triglyceride levels in all lipoprotein fractions were significantly higher (P < 0.02) than in a control group of age and sex matched normal subjects. Total cholesterol, very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were also significantly raised (P < 0.02), but high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was normal. In the patients on a fat-modified diet triglyceride levels did not alter in any of the lipoprotein fractions. Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels fell significantly into the normal range (P < 0.002 and < 0.001 respectively) but VLDL and HDL cholesterol levels did not change. 3. Hypertriglyceridaemia is the most common lipid abnormality in patients with renal failure and a long-term fat-modified diet is, therefore, of limited therapeutic importance in these patients unless there is a low HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio.

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