scholarly journals Invasion and predation in aquatic ecosystems

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith S. Weis
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Predator Avoidance ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Introduced Predators ◽  
Mitten Crabs ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Caribbean

Abstract This article reviews biological invasions in which predation (or its absence) plays a major role in the success of the invader. Examples are described in which the invader out-competes native species for the same food, and cases in which the invader consumes valued native species. In many instances, better predator avoidance by the invasive species or the absence of predators in the new habitat contributes to the success of the invaders; in other cases native or introduced predators appear to be able to keep the invasive species in check. A relatively new management approach in the US is the idea of adding another trophic level – to have humans act as the predators and consume the invasive species. This approach is being utilized in Florida and throughout the Caribbean against the lionfish, but could be extended to other fishes, as well as to various invasive crustaceans and mollusks. This idea is controversial, and current regulations prohibiting the possession of individuals of the invasive species (e.g., mitten crabs or snakefish) would preclude the development of a fishery for them.

Prevention of invasive species in the context of lower secondary education

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Maria Balazova ◽  
Dana Blahutova ◽  
Terezia Valaskova
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Species Management ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Invasive Organisms ◽  
Species Management ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Impact

Biological invasions are recognised as a potentially major threat to biodiversity and may have considerable economic and social effects. Public, including pupils, attitudes may have large implications for invasive species management in terms of prevention, early warning and eradication success, but significant is the relations between the lay public’s visions of nature, their knowledge about non-native species and their perceptions of invasive species management. The more direct experience people have with the impact of invasive species, the more likely they will be able to understand the potential benefits of management programmes. The aim of our work was to prepare educational materials about invasive organisms for elementary schools. Some of them were subsequently applied directly in practice as part of an excursion in a schoolyard in west Slovakia, where up to six species of invasive plants were identified in the close proximity to the school. Keywords: Biological invasions, prevention, education, excursion.

scholarly journals The Invasive New Zealand Mudsnail, Potamopyrgus Antipodarum, Reduces Growth of the Native Snail, Fossaria SP.

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Amy Krist ◽  
Mark Dybdahl
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Potamopyrgus Antipodarum ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
New Zealand Mud Snail ◽  
The Impact

Invasive species are one of the greatest threats to global biodiversity. Hence, understanding the role of invasive species is of grave importance to managing and minimizing the impact of biological invasions. To date, the ecological impacts of biological invasions have received significant attention, but little effort has been made to address the evolutionary impact (Sakai et al. 2001, Cox 2004). This is despite the fact that evolutionary impacts are likely to be widespread; invasive species have been shown to alter patterns of natural selection or gene flow within native populations (Parker et al. 1999), and many of the best examples of rapid evolution involve invasive species interacting with native species (Reznick and Ghalambor 2001, Strauss et al. 2006). We have begun to address some of the evolutionary consequences of the invasion of the New Zealand mud snail, (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) on a species of native snail in the Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA).

The role of plant-plant facilitation in non-native plant invasions.

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-176
Author(s):  
Lohengrin A. Cavieres ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Facilitative Effect ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Facilitative Interactions

Biological invasions are one the most important drivers of the current environmental changes generating important biodiversity losses. Although several hypotheses have been proposed to understand the mechanisms underpinning biological invasions, most of them relate to negative interactions among native and invasive species, where the capacity for many invasive species to reduce diversity is often attributed to a greater competitiveness. However, neighbouring species can also show facilitative interactions, where the presence of one species can facilitate another directly by improving environmental conditions or indirectly through negative effects on a third party species. This chapter reviews the scientific literature on plant invasion, seeking examples of where facilitative interactions either among native and non-native plant species or among non-native species were demonstrated. There are several examples of native species that directly facilitate a non-native species, while examples of native species having a negative effect either on a native or a non-native species that compete with a target non-native, generating a net indirect facilitative effect of the native on the target non-native, are less numerous. Direct facilitation among non-native species has been reported as part of the 'invasional meltdown' phenomenon (Chapter 8, this volume). There are cases where non-native species can have a negative effect on a native species that competes with a target non-native, generating a net indirect facilitative effect among the non-natives. Finally, a non-native species can have a direct facilitative effect on native species, which might have important implications in restoration.

scholarly journals Improving management of invasive species: New Zealand’s approach to pre- and post-border pests

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Brenton-Rule ◽  
Susy Frankel ◽  
Phil Lester
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Global Concern

Biological invasions are a ubiquitous global concern. Invasive species are non-native species that arrive in a new area, establish and increase in density and distribution to the detriment of the recipient environment. Such species that become invasive are a major threat to biodiversity (Vitousek and D’Antonio, 1997). Unlike inanimate risks, living things establish, reproduce and often spread, leading to enormous environmental and economic effects (Vilà et al., 2010). 

Threats to Indigenous Biota from Introduced Species on the Bonin Islands, Southern Japan

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuto Kawakami ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Northwestern Pacific ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Bonin Islands ◽  
Current Conservation ◽  
Introduced Predators ◽  
Essential Components

High endemism has evolved on the Bonin Islands, a group of oceanic islands in the northwestern Pacific, due to a disharmonic, unique biota. However, human settlements have caused extensive deforestation and the introduction of invasive species over the last 200 years. Insular populations are vulnerable to the devastating effects of introduced predators, competitors, and diseases, because they have evolved in the absence of such factors. Introduced species (e.g., goats, cats, black rats, green anole lizards, invasive plants, and predatory flatworms) have caused population declines and the extinction of indigenous species through direct and indirect effects. Unpredictable events often occur within these food webs. Clearly, efforts must be made to control these introduced populations, and to that end, attempts to eliminate certain species (e.g., goats and rats) have begun. However, some invasive species cannot be completely eradicated from their ranges because of their wide distributions and high population densities. In such cases, these species must be confined to their current ranges, which, for the primary invasive species, is mainly limited to two inhabited islands. Problematically, some introduced species have become essential components of the current ecosystem due to long-term naturalization, and their elimination may cause decreases in native species. Thus, the construction of sustainable ecosystems that include both native and introduced species is a realistic goal of current conservation efforts.

scholarly journals Preliminary Data on the Ecological Requirements of the Invasive Spiny-Cheek Crayfish in the Lower Danube

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-150
Author(s):  
Mălina Pîrvu ◽  
Angheluţă Vădineanu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Orconectes Limosus ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract Water quality and properties of the riverbed often shape the community structure of aquatic ecosystems, occasionally sustaining the expansion of non-native species. This study aims to provide preliminary data on the ecological preferences of the invasive species Orconectes limosus, its control, and the protection of the native stock is an European priority. In order to assess the species ability to colonize small river systems, relevant tributaries in the invaded Danube sector were monitored. Statistical test indicates a preference for deep and warm rivers, low water velocity and also high concentrations of calcium.

The role of plant-plant facilitation in non-native plant invasions.

2020 ◽  
pp. 138-152
Author(s):  
Lohengrin A. Cavieres
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Facilitative Effect ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Facilitative Interactions

Abstract Biological invasions are one the most important drivers of the current environmental changes generating important biodiversity losses. Although several hypotheses have been proposed to understand the mechanisms underpinning biological invasions, most of them relate to negative interactions among native and invasive species, where the capacity for many invasive species to reduce diversity is often attributed to a greater competitiveness. However, neighbouring species can also show facilitative interactions, where the presence of one species can facilitate another directly by improving environmental conditions or indirectly through negative effects on a third party species. This chapter reviews the scientific literature on plant invasion, seeking examples of where facilitative interactions either among native and non-native plant species or among non-native species were demonstrated. There are several examples of native species that directly facilitate a non-native species, while examples of native species having a negative effect either on a native or a non-native species that compete with a target non-native, generating a net indirect facilitative effect of the native on the target non-native, are less numerous. Direct facilitation among non-native species has been reported as part of the 'invasional meltdown' phenomenon (Chapter 8, this volume). There are cases where non-native species can have a negative effect on a native species that competes with a target non-native, generating a net indirect facilitative effect among the non-natives. Finally, a non-native species can have a direct facilitative effect on native species, which might have important implications in restoration.

The role of plant-plant facilitation in non-native plant invasions.

2020 ◽  
pp. 138-152
Author(s):  
Lohegrin A. Cavieres ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Biological Invasions ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Facilitative Effect ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Facilitative Interactions

Biological invasions are one the most important drivers of the current environmental changes generating important biodiversity losses. Although several hypotheses have been proposed to understand the mechanisms underpinning biological invasions, most of them relate to negative interactions among native and invasive species, where the capacity for many invasive species to reduce diversity is often attributed to a greater competitiveness. However, neighbouring species can also show facilitative interactions, where the presence of one species can facilitate another directly by improving environmental conditions or indirectly through negative effects on a third party species. This chapter reviews the scientific literature on plant invasion, seeking examples of where facilitative interactions either among native and non-native plant species or among non-native species were demonstrated. There are several examples of native species that directly facilitate a non-native species, while examples of native species having a negative effect either on a native or a non-native species that compete with a target non-native, generating a net indirect facilitative effect of the native on the target non-native, are less numerous. Direct facilitation among non-native species has been reported as part of the 'invasional meltdown' phenomenon (Chapter 8, this volume). There are cases where non-native species can have a negative effect on a native species that competes with a target non-native, generating a net indirect facilitative effect among the non-natives. Finally, a non-native species can have a direct facilitative effect on native species, which might have important implications in restoration.

scholarly journals Instituting a national early detection and rapid response program: needs for building federal risk screening capacity

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Marshall Meyers ◽  
Jamie K. Reaser ◽  
Michael H. Hoff
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Rapid Response ◽  
Risk Screening ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
The Us

AbstractThe invasive species issue is inherently a matter of risk; what is the risk that an invasive species will adversely impact valued assets? The early detection of and rapid response to invasive species (EDRR) requires that an assessment of risk is conducted as rapidly as possible. We define risk screening as rapid characterization of the types and degree of risks posed by a population of non-native species in a particular spatio-temporal context. Risk screening is used to evaluate the degree to which various response measures are warranted and justifiable. In this paper, we evaluate the US government’s risk screening programs with a view towards advancing national EDRR capacity. Our survey-based findings, consistent with prior analyses, indicate that risk evaluation by federal agencies has largely been a reactive, ad hoc process, and there is a need to improve information sharing, risk evaluation tools, and staff capacity for risk screening. We provide an overview of the US Department of Agriculture’s Tiered Weed Risk Evaluation and US Fish and Wildlife Service’s Ecological Risk Screening Summaries, two relatively new approaches to invasive species risk screening that hold promise as the basis for future work. We emphasize the need for a clearinghouse of risk evaluation protocols, tools, completed assessments and associated information; development of performance metrics and standardized protocols for risk screening; as well as support for complementary, science-based tools to facilitate and validate risk screening.

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