scholarly journals Major Reforms in Electricity Pricing: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Labandeira ◽  
José M Labeaga ◽  
Jordi J Teixidó
Keyword(s):  
Power Industry ◽  
Cost Structure ◽  
Cost Recovery ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Electricity Pricing ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Marginal Costs ◽  
Price Reform ◽  
Robust Evidence ◽  
Quasi Experiment

Abstract The global energy mix and cost structure of the power industry are experiencing a redefinition. Many countries are revamping electricity-pricing systems to guarantee fixed-cost recovery, often by raising the fixed charge of two-part tariff schemes. However, a key assumption of two-part tariff schemes and associated fixed cost recoveries is that consumers discriminate fixed from marginal costs. We conduct a quasi-experiment with data from a major electricity price reform recently implemented in Spain and find robust evidence indicating that consumers fail to distinguish between fixed and marginal costs. As a result, policymakers are not achieving the goal of cost recovery

Software Firm Cost Structure and Its Impact on IPOs in the E-Commerce Era

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Richard B. Carter ◽  
Troy J. Strader
Keyword(s):  
Initial Public Offering ◽  
Cost Structure ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Strategic Issues ◽  
Marginal Costs ◽  
Cost Structures ◽  
Software Firm ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Public Offering

The first decade of the e-commerce era saw an increase in activity in the software development industries as new firms were created and existing firms made acquisitions. Many firms pursued a growth strategy and this growth required capital that was often obtained through an initial public offering (IPO) of equity. Software firm cost structures are very different from traditional physical goods firms because their marginal costs are much lower, but what is not known is whether this affects their financing strategies. In this study we compare software firm and traditional firm IPOs using data from 780 IPOs offered during the late dot-com era (1998-2002) to identify differences in firm and offer characteristics, investment risk, initial returns, and underwriting activity. We find that the characteristics and performance of software firm IPOs are significantly different from IPOs offered by raditional firms during this time period providing supporting for our conclusion that firm cost structure should be considered when analyzing IPOs and other strategic issues.

Group replacement of a multicomponent system which is subject to deterioration only

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 867-885
Author(s):  
B. D. Sivazlian ◽  
J. F. Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Operating Cost ◽  
Multicomponent System ◽  
Variational Calculus ◽  
The State ◽  
Cost Structure ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Periodic Review ◽  
Review System ◽  
Increasing Function

The stationary characteristics of an n-component periodic review system which is subject to stochastic deterioration (but not to failure) are investigated. When the n-component vector which expresses the state of deterioration of the system pierces a certain surface the entire multicomponent system is replaced by items of identical cost structure at the time of the next review. In the absence of this situation nothing is replaced. It is assumed that there is a fixed cost associated with each replacement and that the operating cost of each item is a strictly increasing function of its state of deterioration. The conditions for minimizing the long-term cost of maintaining a system which operates under the stated policy were found through solution of a problem in variational calculus. Two examples are worked. A useful graph which aids in the solution of such problems is provided.

scholarly journals The economics of fixed cost recovery by utilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Severin Borenstein
Keyword(s):  
Cost Recovery ◽  
Fixed Cost

Group replacement of a multicomponent system which is subject to deterioration only

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Sivazlian ◽  
J. F. Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Operating Cost ◽  
Multicomponent System ◽  
Variational Calculus ◽  
The State ◽  
Cost Structure ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Periodic Review ◽  
Review System ◽  
Increasing Function

The stationary characteristics of an n-component periodic review system which is subject to stochastic deterioration (but not to failure) are investigated. When the n-component vector which expresses the state of deterioration of the system pierces a certain surface the entire multicomponent system is replaced by items of identical cost structure at the time of the next review. In the absence of this situation nothing is replaced. It is assumed that there is a fixed cost associated with each replacement and that the operating cost of each item is a strictly increasing function of its state of deterioration. The conditions for minimizing the long-term cost of maintaining a system which operates under the stated policy were found through solution of a problem in variational calculus. Two examples are worked. A useful graph which aids in the solution of such problems is provided.

scholarly journals AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF MONTHLY TURNOVER AND COST STRUCTURE OF RUBBER INDUSTRY IN KERALA

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Dr. Adarsh
Keyword(s):  
Northern Region ◽  
Cost Structure ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Overhead Cost ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Percentage Share ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Industrial Units

The present paper is an attempt to examine the monthly turnover and the cost structure of Rubber Industry in Kerala. The study of monthly turnover and the cost structure of Rubber Industry in Kerala are very important and much significant for the Rubber industry in Kerala. The researcher prepared a questionnaire keeping in mind all the important aspects related to indigenous rubber and import of rubber. The present study is based on primary data. Primary data was collected from the Rubber industrial units (Sole Proprietor, Firm and Company) from three regions of Kerala i.e., Southern Region, Central Region and Northern Region through a structured questionnaire. Questionnaire was constructed after consulting the experts in the field of Rubber industry. Based on their suggestion, some items were deleted and some items were modified. The responses of the users were, by and large, encouraging. They responded freely in highlighting different aspects of rubber industry. To conclude, there is significant difference in the monthly turnover for different Rubber Industrial Units in Kerala. In other words, we can say that as nature of ownership changes, there is a change in monthly turnover. Likewise, the percentage share of different components of cost namely overhead cost and fixed cost of Rubber Industry in Kerala based on ownership is different and it is found more for sole proprietorship and firm respectively. The percentage share of different components of cost of Rubber Industry in Kerala based on operation is same. KEY WORDS: Monthly turnover, Cost structure, Rubber Industry, Overhead cost, Fixed cost.

scholarly journals ANALISIS BIAYA DAN PENDAPATAN USAHA PEDAGANG SAYURAN DI PASAR TAMIN KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Romidah Astuti ◽  
Wan Abbas Zakaria ◽  
Teguh Endaryanto
Keyword(s):  
Income Level ◽  
Cost Structure ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Business Cost

This study aims to analyze the cost structure and the income level of vegetable traders in Tamin Market Bandar Lampung City. This research is conducted in purposively chosen Tamin Market with the consideration that Tamin Market is a center of vegetable trade and the main market in Bandar Lampung City.  The data were collected in March 2017 and respondents were 15 vegetable traders who are willing to be interviewed, consisting of five stall traders, five los traders, and five street traders.  Data are analyzed descriptively using qualitative and quantitative of cost and income analysis. The result showed that the traders' business cost structure consists of fixed cost and variable cost.  The propotion of variable cost is higher than the fixed cost, which is 99 percent of total cost. Variable costs include plastic cost, vegetable purchase, transport, labor, and information.  And fixed costs include rent cost, electricity and market facility fees. The average income of stall traders is higher than the loser traders and the street traders. The average income of stall traders is Rp817,055.00 per day, los traders is Rp737,604.00 per day, and street traders is Rp183,455.00 per day.Key words: cost structure, the level of income, vegetable traders

PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN NUCLEAR ENERGY IN THE GLOBAL ENERGY MARKET

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 164-174
Author(s):  
Zh. V. IVANOVSKAYA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Nuclear Power Industry ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
State Support ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
State Corporation

The prospects of the Russian nuclear power industry depend on many factors, including economic, technological, political, social, and other aspects of the development of the global energy market. To increase the competitiveness of the Russian nuclear power industry, it is necessary to strengthen the existing advantages of Rosatom State Corporation, as well as state support for programs aimed at the development of nuclear technologies, both in the energy sector and in other sectors of the economy, including healthcare. The issues of developing international cooperation are particularly relevant when realizing the export potential of Russian nuclear energy.

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