scholarly journals Effect of a supervised exercise program on overweight and obese adolescents: a quasi-experimental study

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Lopes ◽  
D Jove Cesar ◽  
A L P Oliveira ◽  
A F P V Silva ◽  
B L Biasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Overweight Adolescents ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

Abstract Background Obesity and overweight are a worldwide public health problem, and physical exercise is an important intervention to reduce these high rates. Supervised exercise programs have significant impacts on the prevalence of obesity in adolescentes and the nurses should guide on the importance of physical activity. Purpose To evaluate the effect of an exercise program on the profile of obesity and overweight in adolescents. Methods Quasi-experimental study based on TREND guidelines. Performed with 72 adolescents, who underwent a physical activity program supervised (aerobic and resistance physical exercises) by a health professional 5 times a week, each session lasting from 50 to 60 minutes. The population consisted of all obese and overweight adolescents, aged between 14 and 18 years, who were authorized by the doctor to perform physical activity, and who did not have physical mobility problems and/or cognitive alterations. Adolescents with an anthropometric index greater than or equal to the z +1 score, and waist circumference greater than the 90th percentile, and/or skinfolds greater than the 90th percentile were considered obese or overweight. Adolescents who did not perform outcome assessments before and after the intervention, or those who did not attend physical exercise sessions for a week were excluded. The primary outcomes were anthropometric measurements (body mass index, tricipital and subscapular skinfolds, estimated body fat percentage, brachial perimeter, arm fat area, waist and neck circumference measurement), while secondary outcomes were lipid profile, capillary glycemia and blood pressure. Outcomes were assessed before and the day after the program ended. The effect of the program in relation to the outcomes was analyzed using appropriate statistical tests, with p<0.05 being considered significant. Results A total 520 adolescents were assessed for eligibility; of these, 129 were considered eligible and 124 agreed to participate in the study, but 20 gave up participating. Therefore, 104 started the intervention and 32 adolescents were excluded over time, as they did not show up for a week in the exercise program, which totaled 72 adolescents for analysis. A significant improvement was observed in all primary outcomes analyzed (p<0.001) and in most secondary outcomes (capillary blood glucose, p=0.0001; triglycerides, p=0.0001; systolic blood pressure, p=0.005) after 12 weeks of the supervised physical exercise program. Conclusion The supervised physical exercise program showed a significant reduction in anthropometric measurements, as well as in glycemic, triglyceride and blood pressure levels. To prove the effect of physical exercise on adolescents may impact public and educational policy measures and the incorporation of this practice in adolescents' school life. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnolόgico (CNPq)

Comparison of cardiovascular responses among physically active and sedentary students: A protocol for Quasi-experimental study of submaximal exercise on a bicycle ergometer in the Sahel region of Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Ayi Ayi Ewah ◽  
Adetoyeje Y Oyeyemi ◽  
Saturday N Oghumu ◽  
Mary Ogaga ◽  
Lucy Inyang Edet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Sahel Region

Abstract BackgroundThe rate at which the heart rate and blood pressure drop following a stimulus such as exercise or physical stress is a powerful and independent marker for determining the rate mortality from a cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study will be to determine the heart rate and blood pressure drops of physically active and sedentary student following a sub-maximal exercise on a bicycle ergometer.ResultsThis quasi-experimental study will conveniently sample a total of 102 (Physically active n=51 & sedentary n=51) subjects of age 18-35. The study site shall be the physiotherapy gymnasium at the University of Maiduguri Teaching hospital. The level of physical activity will be measured using International Physical Activity questionnaire. Anthropometric variable such as height and weight will be assessed. Borge scale will be used to determine the Rate of Perceived Exertion. Data analysis will be done using SPSS version 20. Student –t-test, Analysis of Co-variance and descriptive statistic will be used to analyzed collected data at p<0.05. The heart rate and blood pressure at rest, peak intensity and post-exercise will be determined using a digital electronic device. The difference between the peak/resting heart rate and blood pressure will be recorded as rate of drops. Measurement will also be carried out at 1, 2-minutes after the first measurement up to 5 minutes after removing exercise stimulus.ConclusionHeart rate and blood pressure recovery are a useful clinical tool for diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Drops in heart rate less than 12 beat per minutes put a person at risk of developing a heart attack. It is not known whether the drops in heart rate of student in the Sahel region of Nigeria will be normal or abnormal. Since there are little studies on the recovery heart rate and blood pressure after removing a stimulus such as exercise. There is a need for more studies to help bridge the gap in literatures.

Does Physical Exercise Help Maintain Mental Health During Pregnancy? A Comparison of Changes in Mental Health in Participants of Physical Exercise Classes and Childbirth Classes

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Guszkowska ◽  
Marta Langwald ◽  
Katarzyna Sempolska
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Exercise Classes

Background:This study aims to compare the changes in the negative indices of mental health in pregnant women who participated in programs of either physical exercise classes or childbirth classes.Methods:The study was quasi-experimental in nature and run on 109 healthy primigravidae aged from 22 to 37, including 62 women participating in an exercise program (exercise group, E-group) for pregnant women and 47 women attending traditional childbirth classes (childbirth classes group, CC-group). The mental health assessment was performed using Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28).Results:The negative indices of mental health did not change over time. Lower levels of somatic symptoms and severe depression, as well as total score, were observed in the E-group (condition effect). Time × condition interactions, as well as analysis of change within the groups, indicated that in the CC-group all indices of disorders increased significantly, whereas in the E-group, only the increase of depression was significant.Conclusions:Regular physical exercises during pregnancy may constitute a factor in the prophylaxis of mental health disorders in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Physical exercise during pregnancy and its influence in the type of birth

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lílian Cristina da Silveira ◽  
Conceição Aparecida de Mattos Segre
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Primiparous Women

OBJECTIVE: To verify if medium intensity exercise performed during pregnancy can influence in the type of delivery, and to observe compliance to an exercise program among primiparous women with different levels of schooling. METHODS: A study carried out at the Centro de Incentivo ao Aleitamento Materno, in São Sebastiao (SP), between April 7, 2008, and April 14, 2009. A prospective study involving 66 primiparous women who were divided into two groups: an Exercise Group, engaged in regular physical activity during pregnancy, and the Control Group, that did not participate in regular physical activity during the same period. Significance level in this project was 5% (p=0.05). RESULTS: The group that did engage in regular exercise had a higher rate of vaginal deliveries, with a statistically significance difference evaluated by the χ² test (p=0.031). The pregnant women with the highest level of schooling showed greater compliance with the exercise program, with a statistically significant difference (p=0.01736). CONCLUSION: Physical exercise in primiparous women increased the chances of vaginal deliveries, and there was greater compliance with the exercise program among those with a higher level of schooling when compared to those with a basic education.

scholarly journals Physical activity and stress coping in the elderly

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando de Andréa ◽  
Fernanda Varkala Lanuez ◽  
Adriana Nunes Machado ◽  
Wilson Jacob Filho
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Physical Activity Program ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Coping Capacity ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Activity Program

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the value of a physical activity program on stress coping of the elderly. Methods: Intervention study with a group of 18 elderly people referred by the Geriatric Service of the Hospital das Clinicas of the Universidade de Sao Paulo, who attended a supervised exercise program, evaluated by the human activity profile and the coping questionnaire. Results: In the coping and functional performance scales, increased stress coping capacity and improvement of daily activities were found after exposure to a physical activity program. Conclusions: The practice of supervised and regular physical activity, combining aerobic, resistance, stretching, and respiratory exercises, yields positive effects in the coping capacity and in the accomplishment of the daily activities.

scholarly journals Application of a domicile-based exercise program for shoulder rehabilitation after breast cancer surgery

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Louzada Petito ◽  
Afonso Celso Pinto Nazário ◽  
Simone Elias Martinelli ◽  
Gil Facina ◽  
Maria Gaby Rivero De Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Breast Cancer Surgery ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Study Population

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an exercise program for the recuperation of the range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder. This is a quasi-experimental study developed at the Mastology Outpatient Clinic of the Federal University of São Paulo - Brazil, from August 2006 to June 2008, with 64 breast cancer patients undergoing surgery. The intervention consisted of: preoperative evaluation of the ROM, verbal and written guidance, demonstration and implementation of the exercises and revaluation at the outpatient follow-up appointments until the 105th postoperative day (PO). From the 7th PO a significant increase was observed in the ROM, which continued until the 105th PO. The minimum time for recovery was 105 days for the women undergoing mastectomy, and 75 days for those undergoing quadrantectomy. There was satisfactory adherence of 78.6% of the women. The domicile program was effective for the recovery of ROM in the study population, benefiting women who can not attend a presential program.

scholarly journals Impact of Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing in Gram-Negative Rod Bacteremia: a Quasi-experimental Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Anne Hogan ◽  
Bertrand Ebunji ◽  
Nancy Watz ◽  
Kristopher Kapphahn ◽  
Joseph Rigdon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Oral Antibiotic ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Clinical justification for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) in Gram-negative rod (GNR) bacteremia is compelling; however, evidence supporting its value is sparse. We investigated the impact of rapid AST on clinical and antimicrobial stewardship outcomes in real-world practice. We performed a before-and-after quasi-experimental study from February 2018 to July 2019 at a tertiary hospital of the 24-h/day, 7-day/week implementation of the direct Vitek 2 AST method from positive blood culture broth for GNR bacteremia with electronic isolate-specific de-escalation comments and daytime antibiotic stewardship program (ASP) intervention. The primary outcome was time to appropriate antibiotic escalation or de-escalation, and secondary outcomes included time to oral antibiotic stepdown, hospital length of stay (LOS), all-cause 30-day mortality, 7-day incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), and 30-day incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). A total of 671 GNR isolates were included from 643 adult patients. Among patients for whom antibiotic change occurred after rapid AST result, rapid AST was associated with a trend in decreased time to escalation or de-escalation (hazard ratio, 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99 to 1.51; P = 0.06), with median times of 52.3 versus 42.2 h. Secondary outcomes were similar in both groups and include median time to oral antibiotic stepdown, LOS, all-cause mortality, and incidence of AKI and CDI. Rapid AST led to improved stewardship measures but did not impact clinical patient outcomes. These results highlight that multiple variables in addition to the timing of the AST result contribute to clinical outcome and that further intervention may be required to clinically justify rapid AST implementation.

scholarly journals Impact of a Georgia elementary school-based intervention on physical activity opportunities: A quasi-experimental study

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Cheung ◽  
Padra Franks ◽  
Michael Kramer ◽  
Carolyn Drews-Botsch ◽  
Jean Welsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
School Based Intervention ◽  
School Based ◽  
Quasi Experimental

scholarly journals Gait Pattern, Impact to the Skeleton and Postural Balance in Overweight and Obese Children: A Review

Sports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nili Steinberg ◽  
Dan Nemet ◽  
Michal Pantanowitz ◽  
Alon Eliakim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Overuse Injuries ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Biomechanical Factors

The article reviews the biomechanical factors that may cause overweight/obese children to reduce their level of physical activity, while increasing their risk of overuse injuries and exercise-related pain. Recommendations would be to screen those children for any gait or postural impairments before they join any exercise program, and to provide them with specific gait treatments and/or physical exercise programs, in order to decrease their risk for future musculoskeletal injuries and pain.

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