Abstract
Background
In 2017, 425 million adults worldwide had diabetes; 80% were living in low and middle-income countries. Bangladesh had 6.9 million adults with diabetes; death from diabetes comprised 3% of the country’s total mortality. This study looked at different factors (personal, familial, social, and financial) affecting both the life of patients with diabetes type 2 and the management of the disease. It also explored patient’s perception of the mobile health intervention in the context of disease management and helped to explain the findings obtained from the quantitative part of this study.
Method
The study was a mixed-method, sequential explanatory design. A mobile health project (interactive voice call and call center) was implemented in Dhaka district, Bangladesh from January to December, 2014. Patients received treatment at the outpatient department of Bangladesh Institute of Health Science Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, were included in intervention and control groups of the main study following a Randomized Control Trial. Among them, a total of 18 patients (9 + 9) were selected purposefully for the qualitative study, which was conducted in July, 2015. The sample was selected purposefully considering the age, sex, socio-economic status and proximity of living due to the political instability of the country during the data collection period. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed applying investigator triangulation.
Results
Most patients stated that diabetes has affected their lives. In general, both groups´ evaluation of mobile health services were good and both regarded the recommendations for medication, diet, physical exercise, and other lifestyle behaviors (use of tobacco and betel nuts) as helpful. The cost of overall treatment (medications, physician consultations, laboratory investigations), the lack of availability of safe public places for physical exercise and unfavorable weather conditions (heat, rainfall) were mentioned as barriers to the overall management of the disease.
Conclusion
A patient-centered mobile health intervention supported by a collaborative patient-provider relationship, a strong family support system, available public spaces for exercise and the introduction of a functional public health insurance system could be beneficial for the better management of diabetes.
Impact of a randomized control group on perceived effectiveness of a Disease Management Programme for diabetes type 2