scholarly journals Relationship Between Perceived Physical and Mental Fatigability and Physical Performance in Very Old Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 178-178
Author(s):  
Yixin Hu ◽  
Zhuangzhuang Zhang ◽  
Woei-Nan Bair ◽  
Anying Bai ◽  
Li Fan
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Chair Stand ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Usual Gait Speed

Abstract To investigate the relationship between perceived physical and mental fatigability and physical performance in community-dwelling very old adults (≥80 years). We examined the association in one retired community in Beijing including 404 very old adults. Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale (PFS), Chinese version, was used to assess perceived fatigability in physical domain (PFS-P) and mental domain (PFS-M). High fatigability is defined as PFS-P ≥ 15, and PFS-M ≥ 13. Physical performance measures include grip strength, usual gait speed, chair stand and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test. Women have higher PFS scores (both PFS-P & PFS-M) and higher prevalence of high fatigability than men. After adjusting for sex, usual gait speed and SPPB scores were significantly associated with PFS-P & PFS-M, while grip strength and chair stand performance were significantly associated with PFS-P only. After multivariable adjustment, usual gait speed (B=-3.745, P=0.021) and chair stand performance (B=0.335, P=0.005) were significantly associated with PFS-P, while usual gait speed (B=-2.656, P=0.006) and SPPB scores (B=-0.214, P=0.029) were significantly associated with PFS-M. Perceived physical and mental fatigability is highly prevalent in very older adults and they differ by sex. The significant associations between PFS scores and performance measures suggest that PFS is of potential clinical importance, especially when testing performance measures are not feasible. Utilization of PFS score can assist in identifying target populations who are at risk of reduced physical functions, such as older with depression, older women. Interventions to improve usual gait speed are likely to reduce both perceived physical and mental fatigability.

scholarly journals Comparison of difficulty with activities of daily living in elderly adults undergoing hemodialysis and community-dwelling individuals: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiki Kutsuna ◽  
Yusuke Isobe ◽  
Takaaki Watanabe ◽  
Yusuke Matsunaga ◽  
Satomi Kusaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Difficulty Score ◽  
Usual Gait Speed

Abstract Background Elderly adults undergoing hemodialysis (HD) have multiple comorbidities, physical frailty, and functional dependence with activities of daily living (ADL). ADL difficulty is an early predictor of ADL dependency in community-dwelling elderly adults. However, the characteristics of ADL difficulty in patients undergoing HD have not yet been reported. The present study aimed to examine the current status and characteristics of physical function and ADL difficulty in ambulatory elderly patients undergoing HD. Methods In all, 136 elderly outpatients undergoing HD and 40 community-dwelling controls participated in the present study. The characteristics, physical function (SARC-F score, grip strength, five-times sit-to-stand test time, usual gait speed, maximum gait speed, and short physical performance battery score), and scores from the ADL difficulty questionnaires [difficulty related to upper limb (U/L) and lower limb (L/L) functions] were compared between the HD and control groups. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine whether the characteristics of physical function were able to discriminate ADL difficulty in the HD group. Results The HD group had a significantly greater SARC-F score, lower grip strength, longer five-times sit-to-stand test time, slower usual gait speed, slower maximum gait speed, lower short physical performance battery score, and lower U/L and L/L ADL difficulty scores compared to the control group (all P < 0.001). The distribution of U/L and L/L ADL difficulty scores showed a wider variation in the HD group than in the control group. The U/L ADL difficulty score was independently associated with the SARC-F score (β = −0.52, P < 0.001) and grip strength (β = 0.21, P = 0.02). The L/L ADL difficulty score was independently associated with the SARC-F score (β = −0.56, P < 0.001) and usual gait speed (β = 0.35, P < 0.001). Conclusions The elderly HD group had a poorer physical function and experienced stronger ADL difficulty than the control group. There was an association between ADL difficulty and sarcopenia or poor physical function among patients undergoing HD. These findings provide useful data for effective clinical management to prevent decline of ADL in ambulatory elderly patients undergoing HD.

scholarly journals Distinct Trajectories of Individual Physical Performance Measures Across 9 Years in 60- to 70-Year-Old Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1951-1959
Author(s):  
Trynke Hoekstra ◽  
Anna Galina Maria Rojer ◽  
Natasja M van Schoor ◽  
Andrea Britta Maier ◽  
Mirjam Pijnappels
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Latent Class Models ◽  
Chair Stand ◽  
Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam

Abstract Background Physical performance is an important factor for successful aging. This study aimed to identify distinct trajectories of multiple physical performance measures over 9 years in individuals aged 60–70 years and to evaluate their characteristics and the overlap between measures. Methods Four physical performance measures were assessed in 440 participants of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam: tandem stand, gait speed, chair stand, and handgrip strength. Gender-specific latent class models were conducted to obtain distinct trajectories and their degree of overlap. Results Mean age at baseline was 67.9 (SD 1.7) years for males and 68.0 (SD 1.7) years for females. The optimal number of trajectories differed across measures. For tandem stand, no distinct trajectories were found (all 179 males, 198 females). For gait speed, three trajectories were identified, dependent on baseline speed: high-stable (47 males, 27 females), intermediate-stable (132 males, 130 females), and low-declining performance (6 males, 48 females). Two trajectories were identified for the chair stand: a stable (168 males, 150 females) and declining trajectory (10 males, 38 females). For handgrip strength, three declining trajectories were identified differing in baseline performance: high (55 males, 75 females), intermediate (111 males, 118 females), and low (17 males, 10 females). Overall, 11.9% of males and 5.7% of females were classified in similar trajectories across measures. Conclusions Trajectories of physical performance were heterogeneous, but showed similar patterns for males and females. Little overlap between measures was shown, suggesting different mechanisms for decline. This study emphasizes the use of multiple domains to assess physical performance.

scholarly journals SINGLE PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES CANNOT IDENTIFY GERIATRIC OUTPATIENTS WITH SARCOPENIA

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
S.M.L.M. Looijaard ◽  
S.J. Oudbier ◽  
E.M. Reijnierse ◽  
G.J. Blauw ◽  
C.G.M. Meskers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Chair Stand ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Chair Stand Test

Background: Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in the older population and is associated with several adverse health outcomes. Equipment to measure muscle mass and muscle strength to diagnose sarcopenia is often unavailable in clinical practice due to the related expenses while an easy physical performance measure to identify individuals who could potentially have sarcopenia is lacking. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association between physical performance measures and definitions of sarcopenia in a clinically relevant population of geriatric outpatients. Design, setting and participants: A cross-sectional study was conducted, consisting of 140 community-dwelling older adults that were referred to a geriatric outpatient clinic. No exclusion criteria were applied. Measurements: Physical performance measures included balance tests (side-by-side, semi-tandem and tandem test with eyes open and -closed), four-meter walk test, timed up and go test, chair stand test, handgrip strength and two subjective questions on mobility. Direct segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to measure muscle mass. Five commonly used definitions of sarcopenia were applied. Diagnostic accuracy was determined by sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve.Results: Physical performance measures, i.e. side-by-side test, tandem test, chair stand test and handgrip strength, were associated with at least one definition of sarcopenia. Diagnostic accuracy of these physical performance measures was poor. Conclusions: Single physical performance measures could not identify older individuals with sarcopenia, according to five different definitions of sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Elevated Plasma Growth and Differentiation Factor 15 Is Associated With Slower Gait Speed and Lower Physical Performance in Healthy Community-Dwelling Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D Semba ◽  
Marta Gonzalez-Freire ◽  
Toshiko Tanaka ◽  
Angelique Biancotto ◽  
Pingbo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Performance Score ◽  
Healthy Community ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Walking Time

Abstract Background Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) has been associated with obesity, muscle wasting, and cachexia. The receptor for GDF-15 was recently identified in the brainstem and regulates food intake and metabolism. The relationship of plasma GDF-15 with the age-associated decline of muscle mass and strength, gait speed, and physical performance in adults has not been well characterized. Methods Plasma GDF-15, grip strength, 6-m gait speed, 400-m walking test time, lower extremity physical performance score, appendicular lean mass, and fat mass were measured in 194 healthy adult participants, aged 22–93 years, of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Results Plasma GDF-15 concentrations increased with age (p &lt; .001) and were higher in whites compared with blacks and Asians (p = .04). Adults with higher plasma GDF-15 had slower 6-m gait speed, longer 400-m walking time, and lower physical performance score in multivariable analyses adjusting for age and race. Plasma GDF-15 was not associated with grip strength, appendicular lean mass, or fat mass. Conclusions Elevated plasma GDF-15 is associated with slower gait speed, higher 400-m walking time, and lower physical performance in very healthy community-dwelling adults. The relationship between plasma GDF-15 and sarcopenia-related outcomes may be stronger in the population not selected to be healthy, and this hypothesis should be tested in a representative population.

Is a composite score of physical performance measures more useful than usual gait speed alone in assessing functional status?

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Seino ◽  
Mi-ji Kim ◽  
Noriko Yabushita ◽  
Miyuki Nemoto ◽  
Songee Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Status ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Usual Gait Speed

scholarly journals Performance on sit-to-stand tests in relation to measures of functional fitness and sarcopenia diagnosis in community-dwelling older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianyang Sherman Yee ◽  
Yee Sien Ng ◽  
John Carson Allen ◽  
Aisyah Latib ◽  
Ee Ling Tay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Fitness Measures ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background The sit-to-stand (STS) test has been deployed as surrogate measures of strength or physical performance in sarcopenia diagnosis. This study examines the relationship of two common STS variants – Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (5TSTS) and 30 s Chair Stand Test (30CST) – with grip strength, muscle mass and functional measures, and their impact on sarcopenia prevalence in community-dwelling older adults. Methods This is a cross-sectional analysis of 887 community-dwelling adults aged ≥50 years. Participants completed a battery of physical fitness tests - 5TSTS, 30CST, grip strength, gait speed, Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG) for dynamic balance and six-minute walk test (6MWT) for cardiorespiratory endurance. Muscle mass was measured using multi-frequency segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). We performed correlation analysis between STS performance and other fitness measures and muscle mass, followed by multiple linear regression for the independent determinants of STS performance. Results Mean participant age was 67.3±7 years, with female predominance (72.9%). STS tests exhibited weak correlations with grip strength (30CST, r = 0.290; 5TSTS, r = − 0.242; both p< 0.01), and stronger correlations with gait speed (30CST, r = 0.517; 5TSTS, r = − 0.533; both p< 0.01), endurance (30CST, r = 0.558; 5TSTS, r = − 0.531; both p < 0.01) and dynamic balance (30CST, r = − 0.501; 5TSTS, r = 0.646; both p< 0.01). Muscle mass correlated with grip strength but not STS. In multiple regression analysis, all fitness measures were independently associated with 30CST performance. Performance in both STS tests remained independent of muscle mass. There was no significant difference in prevalence of possible sarcopenia diagnosis using grip strength or STS (30CST, 25.0%; 5TSTS, 22.1%; grip strength, 22.3%; p = 0.276). When both measures are used, prevalence is significantly higher (42.0%; p = 0.276). Prevalence of confirmed sarcopenia with inclusion of muscle mass was significantly lower using STS compared with grip strength (30CST, 4.6%; 5TSTS, 4.1% vs. grip strength, 7.1%; p< 0.05). Conclusion In the sarcopenia construct, STS tests better represents muscle physical performance rather than muscle strength. Different subsets of population with possible sarcopenia are identified depending on the test used. The lack of association of STS performance with muscle mass results in a lower prevalence of confirmed sarcopenia compared with grip strength, but may better reflect changes in muscle quality.

scholarly journals Applications of physical performance measures to routine diabetes care for frailty prevention concept: fundamental data with grip strength, gait speed, timed chair stand speed, standing balance, and knee extension strength

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001562
Author(s):  
Hiroki Yokoyama ◽  
Toshihiko Shiraiwa ◽  
Mitsuyoshi Takahara ◽  
Masahiro Iwamoto ◽  
Nobuichi Kuribayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Chair Stand ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Gender Specific

IntroductionProgression of muscle strength weakening will lead to a poor physical performance and disability. While this is particularly important in patients with diabetes, the associations of reduced muscle strength measured by grip strength with clinical features and physical performance remain unclear. We investigated clinical features and physical performance measures in association with grip strength in elderly people with diabetes in a primary care setting.Research design and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted enrolling 634 male and 323 female Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes aged 60 years or older. First, grip strength was measured and the associations of gender-specific grip strength with clinical features were evaluated. Second, in patients with a grip strength below the gender-specific median, physical performance measures, including gait speed, timed chair stand speed, knee extension strength, standing balance, and short physical performance battery scores, were investigated. Patients with and without a low performance defined by Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia were compared in terms of clinical features and physical performance measures.ResultsGrip strength decreased according to aging and longer duration of diabetes and was independently related to body mass index, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), serum albumin, albuminuria, neuropathy, and stroke in male patients, and to body mass index and albuminuria in female patients. The physical performance measures became worse proportionally to a decrease in the grip strength. Patients with a low performance exhibited a significantly older age, lower grip strength and serum albumin, higher albuminuria, and poorer physical performance measures than those without.ConclusionsReduced grip strength was associated with glycemic exposure indicators of age-related duration, HbA1c, and vascular complications. The physical performance measures became worse with decreasing grip strength. Measurements of grip strength and physical performance in patients with diabetes may help promote intervention to prevent frailty in future studies.

scholarly journals Positive Association between High Protein Food Intake Frequency and Physical Performance and Higher-Level Functional Capacity in Daily Life

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Mika Kimura ◽  
Ai Moriyasu ◽  
Hyuma Makizako
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Food ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Usual Gait Speed ◽  
Frequency Score

Nutritional factors, including low protein intake and poor dietary variety, affect age-associated impairment in physical performance resulting in physical frailty. This cross-sectional study investigated the association between intake frequency of major high protein foods and both physical performance and higher-level functional capacity using the food frequency score (FFS) and high protein food frequency score (PFFS) among community-dwelling older adults. The data of 1185 older adults categorized into quartiles based on FFS and PFFS were analyzed. After adjusting for covariates, FFS and PFFS were significantly associated with physical performance [FFS, usual gait speed (p for trend = 0.007); PFFS, usual gait speed (p for trend < 0.001), maximum gait speed (p for trend = 0.002), timed up and go (p for trend = 0.025)], and higher-level functional capacity [FFS (p for trend < 0.001); PFFS (p for trend < 0.001)]. After excluding PFFS data, the participants’ scores were associated with only higher-level functional capacity. Multi-regression analysis with higher-level functional capacity as the covariate showed that FFS and PFFS were significantly correlated with physical performance. Hence, improving food intake frequency, particularly that of high protein foods, and dietary variety may help maintain higher-level functional capacity and physical performance in community-dwelling older adults.

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