scholarly journals Challenges of Quantifying PRISM 2.0 and Tablet Use

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 308-308
Author(s):  
Neil Charness ◽  
Jerad Moxley ◽  
Walter Boot
Keyword(s):  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Important Measure ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
System Use ◽  
System Success ◽  
Over Time

Abstract As with the PRISM 1.0 trial, an important outcome of the PRISM 2.0 trial is use of the PRISM system and use of the PRISM system compared to the control condition (a standard tablet without the PRISM software). Frequent use over time is an important measure of system success. Further, use data provide key measures of system usefulness and usability. What features do participants use most and how often? Within those features, what activities do they engage in? What are the patterns of use throughout the trial, and how does PRISM system use compare to the control condition? However, quantifying use is not an easy task. This talk presents the challenges of quantifying use of a complex, multi-faceted system, and of making meaningful comparisons in use between two very different systems. Analysis approaches and solutions are discussed.

Electronic Medication Management Systems: Analysis of Enhancements to Reduce Errors and Improve Workflow

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (05) ◽  
pp. 1049-1060
Author(s):  
Madaline Kinlay ◽  
Lai Mun Rebecca Ho ◽  
Wu Yi Zheng ◽  
Rosemary Burke ◽  
Ilona Juraskova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Errors ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Medication Management ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
System Use ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Electronic medication management (eMM) has been shown to reduce medication errors; however, new safety risks have also been introduced that are associated with system use. No research has specifically examined the changes made to eMM systems to mitigate these risks. Objectives To (1) identify system-related medication errors or workflow blocks that were the target of eMM system updates, including the types of medications involved, and (2) describe and classify the system enhancements made to target these risks. Methods In this retrospective qualitative study, documents detailing updates made from November 2014 to December 2019 to an eMM system were reviewed. Medication-related updates were classified according to “rationale for changes” and “changes made to the system.” Results One hundred and seventeen updates, totaling 147 individual changes, were made to the eMM system over the 4-year period. The most frequent reasons for changes being made to the eMM were to prevent medication errors (24% of reasons), optimize workflow (22%), and support “work as done” on paper (16%). The most frequent changes made to the eMM were options added to lists (14% of all changes), extra information made available on the screen (8%), and the wording or phrasing of text modified (8%). Approximately a third of the updates (37%) related to high-risk medications. The reasons for system changes appeared to vary over time, as eMM functionality and use expanded. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically review and categorize system updates made to overcome new safety risks associated with eMM use. Optimization of eMM is an ongoing process, which changes over time as users become more familiar with the system and use is expanded to more sites. Continuous monitoring of the system is necessary to detect areas for improvement and capitalize on the benefits an electronic system can provide.

scholarly journals The necessitive impersonal REIK(Ė)TI ‘need’: the rise of modal meaning

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Erika Jasionytė-Mikučionienė ◽  
Jolanta Šinkūnienė
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Over Time

The focus of the paper is on the frequency, distribution patterns and semantic profile of the necessitive impersonal reik(ė)ti ‘need’ in old and contemporary Lithuanian texts. The study employs corpus based quantitative and qualitative analysis to investigate the patterns of use of reik(ė)ti ‘need’ in the Database of Old Writings (16th-17th centuries) as well as the fiction sub-corpus of the Corpus of the Contemporary Lithuanian Language and the humanities and biomedical sciences sub-corpora of the Corpus of Academic Lithuanian (CorALit). The study follows van der Auwera and Plungian’s (1998) modality framework. The quantitative analysis shows that the present tense form reikia ‘need.PRS.3’ is the dominating one across all the sub-corpora analysed. The results of the qualitative study indicate that the deontic sub-type of participant external modality is prevailing in the old Lithuanian texts as well as in the fiction sub-corpus and in the biomedical sciences texts of the contemporary Lithuanian. The discourse of the humanities displays a fairly frequent employment of reik(ė)ti ‘need’ for discourse organising functions alongside the deontic uses. Although the usage patterns of reik(ė)ti ‘need’ in the biomedical sciences and the humanities share certain common features, they also point to discipline specific trends of argumentation. It is also important to observe that the objective deontic reik(ė)ti ‘need’ seems to gradually acquire the features of subjective deontic modality over time, which corresponds to the typical subjectification cline (cf. Traugott 1989).

Comparison of Suspension Systems and Chassis of Selected Mars Rovers Analogs with a Focus on Introduced Improvement

2017 ◽  
Vol 260 ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Ostaszewski ◽  
Kazimierz Dzierżek
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Mars Rover ◽  
Suspension Systems ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
The University ◽  
Mars Exploration Rovers ◽  
Over Time

The article concludes with a thorough evaluation of an usefulness of suspension systems and chassis of Mars Rovers from Bialystok University of Technology and predictions for future Mars rover solutions. A development of technology and ever growing aspirations of mankind resulted in clear progress in the field of Mars exploration rovers. Competitions, involving analogs of Mars rovers, are increasingly more popular among academic societies. The main goal of mentioned initiatives, is to test possible solutions which, over time, may be used in rovers during extraterrestrial missions. The authors focused on a path of a Mars rover analogue development. In the first stage authors analyzed requirements of the University Rover Challenge organized by The Mars Society. Then the article concerns tasks that every modern Mars rover faces during its mission. Next authors considered Mars Rovers analogs designed and built in Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at Bialystok University of Technology. After application’s considerations, authors focused on suspension systems analysis. A major part of the article is a thorough structural analysis of suspension and driving systems of analog Mars rovers build at Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology [1]. Then there is an comparison of the Curiosity (fig. 1) rover suspension [2] and internal frame with #next Mars Rover.

scholarly journals Provincial and Temporal Variation in Macrolide and Lincosamide Antimicrobial Use by Outpatients in Canada, 1995 to 2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiona K Glass-Kaastra ◽  
Rita Finley ◽  
Jim Hutchinson ◽  
David M Patrick ◽  
Karl Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Secular Trend ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Defined Daily Doses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
Over Time

INTRODUCTION: Because antimicrobial use is commonly associated with the development of antimicrobial resistance, monitoring the volume and patterns of use of these agents is very important.OBJECTIVE: To assess the use of macrolide and lincosamide (ML) antimicrobials within Canadian provinces over time, and to compare use rates with those reported by European countries.METHODS: Antimicrobial prescribing data were used to develop two yearly metrics: prescriptions per 1000 inhabitant-days (PrIDs) and the mean defined daily doses (DDDs) per prescription, which were then used to build linear mixed models to assess differences among provinces over time.RESULTS: After accounting for repeated measures over time, prescribing rates (PrIDs) varied significantly according to province and year (P<0.001). However, little change occurred within each province over the time frame studied; from 1995 to 2010, each province had a PrID change <0.01. Quebec and British Columbia had significantly lower prescribing rates than all other provinces. No overall secular trend was apparent. In contrast, the DDDs per prescription did not vary significantly according to province, but showed a significant year-to-year increase.DISCUSSION: ML prescribing varied among provinces in Canada between 1995 and 2010, but remained relatively stable within each province. The average DDDs per ML prescription did not vary according to province, but increased linearly over time. These increases are likely to indicate that fewer prescriptions are being written for children over time, a practice supported by good antimicrobial stewardship principles.

scholarly journals Quantitative proteomics and systems analysis of cultured H9C2 cardiomyoblasts during differentiation over time supports a ‘function follows form’ model of differentiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Kankeu ◽  
Kylie Clarke ◽  
Delphi Van Haver ◽  
Kris Gevaert ◽  
Francis Impens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Proteomics ◽  
Cardiac Development ◽  
Form Model ◽  
H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts ◽  
Over Time

The rat cardiomyoblast cell line H9C2 has emerged as a valuable tool for studying cardiac development, mechanisms of disease and toxicology.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tricia Colleen Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Organizational Changes ◽  
American Catholicism ◽  
Social Justice Orientation ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Latin Mass ◽  
Over Time

This chapter introduces the phenomenon of personal parishes in contemporary American Catholicism. Personal parishes organize Catholics on the basis of purpose rather than territory. They cluster local Catholics by ethnicity, liturgical preference (including for the Traditional Latin Mass), social justice orientation, and more. In making room for diverse expressions of Catholicism, personal parishes represent a structural response to heterogeneity from the top. Their patterns of use over time showcase organizational changes to how bishops structure local Catholicism. National parishes were once commonplace; today, a growing number of dioceses introduce personal parishes for new purposes. This chapter previews the remaining content of the book as well as briefly summarizing the mixed methodological approach upon which this research is based.

scholarly journals Slow manifolds within network dynamics encode working memory efficiently and robustly

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. e1009366
Author(s):  
Elham Ghazizadeh ◽  
ShiNung Ching
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Network State ◽  
Dynamical Systems Analysis ◽  
Activation Profile ◽  
Robust To Noise ◽  
Over Time

Working memory is a cognitive function involving the storage and manipulation of latent information over brief intervals of time, thus making it crucial for context-dependent computation. Here, we use a top-down modeling approach to examine network-level mechanisms of working memory, an enigmatic issue and central topic of study in neuroscience. We optimize thousands of recurrent rate-based neural networks on a working memory task and then perform dynamical systems analysis on the ensuing optimized networks, wherein we find that four distinct dynamical mechanisms can emerge. In particular, we show the prevalence of a mechanism in which memories are encoded along slow stable manifolds in the network state space, leading to a phasic neuronal activation profile during memory periods. In contrast to mechanisms in which memories are directly encoded at stable attractors, these networks naturally forget stimuli over time. Despite this seeming functional disadvantage, they are more efficient in terms of how they leverage their attractor landscape and paradoxically, are considerably more robust to noise. Our results provide new hypotheses regarding how working memory function may be encoded within the dynamics of neural circuits.

scholarly journals particle ne in the development of interactional positioning in L2 Japanese

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-143
Author(s):  
Mika Kizu ◽  
Barbara Pizziconi ◽  
Eiko Gyogi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Decisive Factor ◽  
Final Particle ◽  
Grammatical Competence ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Patterns Of Use

The use of the sentence-final particle ne by a group of ten learners of Japanese is investigated longitudinally over a period spanning two years: before, during, immediately after and six-months after return from a year of study in Japan (SA). Quantitative observation reveals two patterns of use, that is, ‘prolific' and ‘exiguous' styles. Learners in the prolific group display frequent use from before the start of SA, and a subsequent plateau; the others use ne more rarely until after the SA, when the two groups' patterns start converging. In line with previous research, we argue that a certain level of lexical and grammatical competence (which we posit to be at least higher intermediate level) is a precondition for the use of ne, but against previous research, we suggest that the amount of naturalistic exposure in an immersion context is not necessarily a decisive factor in its development. Qualitative analysis of the conversational-analytical structuring of interactional meanings shows that regardless of the amount of particle use, both groups are able to deploy ne as a marker of interactional alignment in formulaic and non-formulaic tokens. Interestingly, developments can be observed also in the six months after SA, in which all learners increase proportion and/or range of uses of ne.

Exploring System Use as a Measure of Knowledge Management Success

2010 ◽  
pp. 63-77
Author(s):  
Murray E. Jennex
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Knowledge Management System ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Knowledge Management Systems ◽  
Success Model ◽  
System Use ◽  
System Success

This article discusses system use as a measure of knowledge management success. It is proposed that for knowledge management systems (KMS) it is not the amount of use that is important, but rather the quality of that use and the intention to use the KMS when appropriate. Evidence is provided to support this proposition and a knowledge management system success model incorporating this proposition is discussed. Additionally, findings are provided that show that new users to an organization use the KMS differently than experienced users and implications of this difference are discussed.

Ontogeny of scent marking behaviours in an apex carnivore

Behaviour ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Maximilian L. Allen ◽  
Heiko U. Wittmer ◽  
Emmarie P. Alexander ◽  
Christopher C. Wilmers
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Scent Marking ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Scent Mark ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Communication Behaviours ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Puma (Puma concolor) communication with conspecifics is via indirect scent marking behaviours that are important for individuals to advertise their territory and reproductive status, but little is known about how the behaviours develop with age. To examine the development of scent marking behaviours, we monitored the behaviours of adult pumas and dependent kittens. Based on video recordings, we found that the frequency of puma communication behaviours significantly changed over time. Kittens exhibited olfactory investigation more frequently as they aged, but kittens generally did not exhibit scent marking behaviours. Kittens travel with their mothers until they disperse, so there is no need to establish territories or advertise availability to mate, but kittens are at risk of injury or mortality from other pumas. It is possible that there is no functional need for dependent kittens to scent mark until they mature, but there is a need for frequent use of investigative behaviours.

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