scholarly journals Child-Parent Relation and Older Adults' Health: A Cross-Cultural Comparison Between China and the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 393-393
Author(s):  
Dexia Kong ◽  
Mack Shelley ◽  
Peiyi Lu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Financial Transfers ◽  
Parent Relationships ◽  
Parent Relationship

Abstract Western culture emphasizes independence in the child-parent relationship while Chinese culture values interdependence between adult children and older parents. This study compared the association of child-parent relationships with older adults’ multidimensional health over time in the U.S. and China. Two waves of data (2012-2015) from HRS and CHARLS were used (n=6,641, aged ≥65). Linear regression models were estimated. Results showed that, compared to Chinese older adults, fewer older Americans co-resided with or lived nearby their children, had less weekly contact, and fewer financial transfers from/to their children. Most child-parent relationship variables were nonsignificant predictors of older Americans’ health. However, a closer child-parent relationship was linked to fewer depressive symptoms and better cognition among older Chinese. Co-residence was associated with poorer health among Chinese parents. The associations of child-parent relationships with older adults’ health exhibited cross-cultural differences. A cultural perspective is recommended in understanding how family relations affect older adults’ health.

Child–Parent Relationships and Older Adults’ Health: A Cross-Cultural Comparison Between China and the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110648
Author(s):  
Peiyi Lu ◽  
Dexia Kong ◽  
Mack Shelley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Parent Relationships

This study compared the associations of child–parent relationships with older adults’ multidimensional health in the United States and China. Two waves of data from the US Health and Retirement Study and its sister study in China (2012–2015) were used (2174 non-Hispanic [NH] White Americans and 4467 Chinese). Linear regression models were conducted for cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons. Results showed most child–parent relationships had nonsignificant associations with NH White Americans’ health. In contrast, closer child–parent relationships were linked to fewer depressive symptoms and better cognitive function among Chinese. Co-residence was associated with poorer health among older Chinese. Over a 2-year period, living nearby was linked to poorer cognitive function among NH White Americans and fewer depressive symptoms among Chinese. Having weekly contact was predictive of better cognition among Chinese. This study revealed cross-cultural differences in the associations between child–parent relationships and older adults’ health. Family relationships in accordance with Chinese culture could improve health.

Local Initiatives to Fund Services for Older Americans: Community Recognition of the Importance of Social Care

2020 ◽  
pp. 073346482094432
Author(s):  
Athena Koumoutzis ◽  
Sara E. Stemen ◽  
Renusha Maharjan ◽  
Jennifer Heston-Mullins ◽  
Pamela S. Mayberry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Funding ◽  
Eligibility Criterion ◽  
Supportive Services ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Alternative Funding ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Aging Services ◽  
Tax Levies

Despite the growing proportion of older adults in the United States, federal and state funding for nonmedical supportive services remains limited. To meet increasing demand, some communities across the nation are exploring alternative funding sources for aging services. Although no systematic database exists to track such local programs, through an array of data sources including a national survey, telephone contacts, and a web review, we identified 15 states that are using local funding to support aging services. Communities are using a variety of local revenue streams, such as property tax levies, payroll, and sales taxes to provide services for older adults and/or their family or friend caregivers. There are considerable differences in community approaches including the following: amount of revenue generated, service eligibility criterion, type of services covered, and management infrastructure. Critical policy questions surrounding equity issues within and across states are raised as communities create these alternative funding mechanisms.

How Contemporary Publics Understand and Experience Happiness: A Cross-Cultural Perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOH CHULL SHIN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
The West ◽  
China And India ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
The People ◽  
Culturally Different

AbstractHow do contemporary publics understand happiness? What makes them experience it? Do conceptions and sources of their happiness vary across culturally different societies? This paper addresses these questions, utilizing the 2008 round of the AsiaBarometer surveys conducted in six countries scattered over four different continents. Analyses of these surveys, conducted in Japan, China, and India from the East; and the United States, Russia, and Australia from the West, reveal a number of interesting cross-cultural differences and similarities in the way the people of the East and West understand and experience happiness. Specifically, the former are much less multidimensional than the latter in their conceptions of happiness. Yet, they are alike in that their sense of relative achievement or deprivation is the most pervasive and powerful influence on happiness.

Global Issues: Education in Cross-Cultural Perspective: Spain and the United States

1994 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Adoración Albaladejo Sánchez ◽  
María A. Herrera-Menchén ◽  
Paul Witkowsky ◽  
Adoracion Albaladejo Sanchez ◽  
Maria A. Herrera-Menchen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Global Issues

scholarly journals New Directions to the Global Century

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patti McGill Peterson
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Global Studies ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Studying Abroad ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Fulbright Scholar ◽  
International Peacekeeping

At the turn of our new century, prognostications of things in store for Americans abounded. Prominent among the predictions was the description of a much more interdependent world, one in which we would be linked by easier travel, lowered national borders and a surge of electronic communication. The importance of international cooperation and the growing significance of the United Nations and international peacekeeping figured significantly in this agenda. Anyone paying attention could not escape the central message: citizens of the United States were going to be part of a Global Century, in which isolation from international cross currents would be impossible, and for which it would be necessary to prepare future generations of Americans. There has been a noticeable and commendable effort in recent years on the part of a number of colleges and universities to develop more coherent approaches to their goal of becoming more globally focused institutions. More students are studying abroad (although still a very small percentage), and the range of their study abroad opportunities has widened considerably. While U.S. faculty may not be as engaged internationally as some of their counterparts in other countries, applications for the Fulbright Scholar Program have increased and more institutions report international experience as valuable for faculty, regardless of their academic disciplines. The monolingual profile of our graduates still needs to be addressed, but a variety of institutions are beginning to look closely at their undergraduate curricula and to build in a broader cross-cultural perspective. Some institutions are introducing global studies tracks. There is reason to be optimistic.

scholarly journals To raise a child with autism spectrum disorder: A qualitative, comparative study of parental experiences in the United States and Senegal

2020 ◽  
pp. 136346152095334
Author(s):  
Adair Cardon ◽  
Tara Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Community Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Parental Experiences ◽  
American Families

Raising a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can often be a difficult and stressful process for families and caregivers. Though research on ASDs in Africa is burgeoning, very little is known about autism in francophone West Africa. Furthermore, no known ASD studies have explored parental experiences in particular from a cross-cultural perspective. This research used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to analyze in-depth, semi-structured interviews with seven Senegalese and seven American families to investigate parental experiences within the Senegalese community with further illustration by cross-cultural comparison. Comparative analysis of data across the two countries was undertaken to identify cultural variables previously unreported, especially those that may affect Senegalese family experience. Analysis of interviews revealed thematic differences in social and community support. Although access to effective treatment services was low among Senegalese families compared to the American families, traditional Senegalese household structures and community relations were hypothesized to serve as protective factors against the high social isolation and resulting logistical struggles reported in the U.S. sample. Further targeted research within the Senegalese environment is recommended, particularly to explore social stigma and its possible effects on families with autism, causal beliefs and treatment practices, and parental mental health and wellbeing.

Tobacco Use by Samples of American and Turkish Students: A Cross-Cultural Study

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad R. Torabi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public University ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Chewing Tobacco ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Factors Associated

Tobacco use is a world-wide problem with a significant impact on the health and well-being of many people. To design an effective smoking education program, it is important to understand smoking patterns and factors associated with this additive habit from a cross-cultural perspective. The purpose of this study was to investigate some of the patterns of and certain factors associated with smoking and chewing tobacco behavior among the students of the United States and Turkey. A questionnaire, designed, reviewed, and revised by experts, was administered to a representative sample of 450 college students in a major public university in the United States. It was then translated and reviewed by bilingual authorities. The investigator administered the questionnaire to a sample of 450 representative college students in a counterpart public university in Turkey. The results indicate that a significant number of college students in both countries use tobacco. The patterns of smoking and various factors associated with tobacco use, however, are different in the two cultures. It was concluded that international health education programs which are sensitive to cultural differences are the key to ultimately eliminating this major health crisis.

Book Reviews

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-381
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Economic Games ◽  
Experimental Economic

Jeffrey V. Butler of EIEF and University of Nevada, Las Vegas reviews “Experimenting with Social Norms: Fairness and Punishment in Cross-Cultural Perspective”, by Jean Ensminger and Joseph Henrich. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Seventeen papers, plus thirteen case studies available for download only, explore the historical emergence of prosocial norms and their relationship to economic growth. Papers in the text discuss theoretical foundations─the coevolution of social norms, intrinsic motivation, markets, and the institutions of complex societies; cross-cultural methods, sites, and variables; major empirical results─markets, religion, community size, and the evolution of fairness and punishment; and double-blind dictator games in Africa and the United States─differential experimenter effects. Case studies available for download discuss Hadza behavior in three experimental economic games; the effects of sanctions and third-party enforcers on generosity in Papua New Guinea; an experimental investigation of dictators, ultimatums, and punishment; behavioral experiments in the Yasawa Islands, Fiji; economic game behavior among the Shuar; economic experimental game results from the Sursurunga of New Ireland, Papua New Guinea; Maragoli and Gusii farmers in Kenya─strong collective action and high prosocial punishment; sharing, subsistence, and social norms in Northern Siberia; the influence of property rights and institutions for third-party sanctioning on behavior in three experimental economic games; cooperation and punishment in an economically diverse community in highland Tanzania; social preferences among the people of Sanquianga in Colombia; the effects of birthplace and current context on other-regarding preferences in Accra; and prosociality in rural America─evidence from dictator, ultimatum, public goods, and trust games.” Ensminger is Edie and Lew Wasserman Professor of Social Sciences at the California Institute of Technology. Henrich is Professor and Canada Research Chair in Culture, Cognition, and Coevolution in the Economics and Psychology Departments at the University of British Columbia.

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