scholarly journals Verbal Communication in Dementia Family Caregiving: Using the VNVIS-CG Scale for In-Home Video Observations

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 481-481
Author(s):  
Kristine Williams ◽  
Carissa Coleman ◽  
Iman Aly ◽  
Paige Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Communication Behaviors ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Home Video ◽  
Dementia Caregiver ◽  
Behavioral Coding ◽  
Video Observations ◽  
Asking Questions

Abstract Communication is fundamental for dementia care and identifying communication behaviors is key to identifying strategies that facilitate or impede communication. To measure caregiver verbal communication, we adapted the Verbal and Nonverbal Interaction Scale for Caregivers (VNVIS-CG) for second-by-second behavioral coding of video observations. The VNVIS-CG was adapted for computer-assisted Noldus Observer coding of video interactions captured at home by family caregivers from the FamTechCare clinical trial. Operational definitions for verbal communication behaviors were developed and inter-rater reliability was excellent (Kappa = .86) using two independent coders. Videos (N=232) were coded featuring 51 dyads; caregivers were primarily female (80%) spouses (69%) of men (55%) diagnosed with moderate to severe dementia (64.7%). Mean caregiver age was 65 years. Silence occurred most frequently (44.9% of the time), followed by caregiver direction or instruction (22.6%), and the person with dementia (PWD) verbalizing (22.8%). Caregiver communication also included asking questions (14.2%), verbalizing understanding (7.9%), repeating information (2.1%), affirmations (1.0%), acknowledging emotions (0.3%), and ignoring (0.0%). Questions most commonly requested clarification, showed interest, or repetitive quizzing; few questions sought to engage PWD input (ex. offers choices, encourages emotional expression, or ask permission). Tone was overwhelmingly neutral rather than humorous, aggressive, or patronizing. The adapted behavioral coding scheme provides a reliable measure that characterizes dementia caregiver verbal communication behaviors for analysis of video observations. Ongoing research will identify strategies that facilitate communication as well as determine how strategies vary by dementia stage, diagnosis, and dyad characteristics.

scholarly journals Nonverbal Communication in Dementia Family Caregiving: Using the VNVIS-CG Scale for In-Home Video Observations

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
Carissa Coleman ◽  
Kristine Williams ◽  
Kacie Inderhees ◽  
Michaela Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Nonverbal Behaviors ◽  
Communication Behaviors ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Home Video ◽  
Dementia Caregiver ◽  
Behavioral Coding ◽  
Video Observations

Abstract Communication is fundamental for dementia care and identifying communication behaviors is key to identifying strategies that facilitate or impede communication. To measure caregiver nonverbal communication, we adapted the Verbal and Nonverbal Interaction Scale for Caregivers (VNVIS-CG) for second-by-second behavioral coding of video observations. The VNVIS-CG was adapted for computer-assisted Noldus Observer coding of video interactions captured at home by family caregivers from the FamTechCare clinical trial. Operational definitions for nonverbal communication behaviors were developed and inter-rater reliability was excellent (Kappa = .88) using two independent coders. Videos N=232 were coded featuring 51 dyads; caregivers who were primarily female (80%) spouses (69%) of men (55%) diagnosed with moderate to severe dementia (64.7%). Mean caregiver age was 65 years. Emotional tone conveyed by caregivers was primarily respectful, occurring 68.1% of the time, followed by overly nurturing (9%), bossy, harsh, or antagonistic (6.2%), and silence occurred 16.7 % of the time. Caregiver gestures and positive postures (i.e., animated facial expressions, head nodding, or caregiver body movements) were the most commonly occurring overt behaviors (46.5%), followed by changing the environment to help the PWD (19.9%), and expressing laughter/joy (18.9%). The least common nonverbal behaviors were negative posture, aggression, compassion, and rejecting. The adapted behavioral coding scheme provides a reliable measure that characterizes dementia caregiver nonverbal communication behaviors for analysis of video observations. Ongoing research will identify strategies that facilitate communication as well as determine how strategies vary by dementia stage, diagnosis, and dyad characteristics.

scholarly journals Developing Behavioral Coding to Understand Family Communication Breakdown in Dementia Care

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592110629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carissa K. Coleman ◽  
Iman M. Aly ◽  
Ashlyn Dunham ◽  
Kacie Inderhees ◽  
Michaela Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Communication ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Caregiver Training ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Communication Breakdown ◽  
Repair Strategy ◽  
Coding Schemes ◽  
Behavioral Coding ◽  
Asking Questions

Communication breakdown is a challenge for family caregivers of persons living with dementia. We adapted established theory and scales for computer-assisted behavioral coding to characterize caregiver communication for a secondary analysis. We developed verbal, nonverbal, and breakdown coding schemes and established reliability (κ > .85). Within the 221 family caregiving videos analyzed, 55% of exchanges were interactive, 30% were silence, 4% consisted of talking to self or others, and 8% included a breakdown. An average of 2.4 ( SD = 1.9) breakdowns occurred per observation and were successfully resolved 85% of the time, with 31% being resolved most successfully following only one flag and repair strategy. Caregivers were the primary speakers (67%); their communication preceded most breakdown (65%), and they primarily initiated the repairs after a breakdown (70%). Common repair strategies included clarifications (31%), asking questions (24%), and repeating information (24%). Associations between communication strategies and repair success will provide evidence for caregiver training.

scholarly journals Measuring Caregiver Person-Centered Communication for Persons With Dementia via Video Observations

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 152-152
Author(s):  
Ying-Ling Jao ◽  
Carissa Coleman ◽  
Kristine Williams ◽  
Diane Berish ◽  
Wen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Coding Scheme ◽  
Video Observations ◽  
Interactive Nature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mealtime Interactions ◽  
And Task

Abstract Communication is fundamental for daily care activities in nursing homes (NHs). Second-by-second behavioral coding of video observations is an ideal approach to examine the interactive nature of communication but requires a reliable coding scheme. Recent studies have adapted the Peron-Centered Behavioral Inventory (PCBI) and Task-Centered Behavioral Inventory (TCBI) to analyze caregiver communication during mealtime interactions, but their use for coding general daily caregiving activities has not been widely evaluated. This pilot study adapted the PCBI and TCBI of video observations and determined their inter-rater reliability for measuring caregiver verbal communication with persons with dementia (PwD). We analyzed videos from a randomized controlled trial of an intervention to improve caregiver communication in NHs. We selected one 1-minute segment from 12 videos that included interactions of caregiver-resident dyads. One research assistant transcribed caregivers’ verbal communication and segmented the communication into utterances. Two other research assistants independently coded each utterance using the adapted PCBI and TCBI. The coding scheme was expanded by modifying the existing operational definitions, adding three new codes, and developing a coding decision guide. Residents were Caucasian (100%), mean age 86 years with dementia and resistive behaviors. The adapted PCBI and TCBI had an inter-rater reliability of Kappa=0.656 (p<.001) across the 12 videos. Overall, our adapted PCBI and TCBI showed substantial inter-rater reliability. The results support the use of our adapted PCBI and TCBI to distinguish between person-centered and task-centered communication in video observations, which, in turn, allows for sequential analysis to examine the impact of caregiver communication on PwD.

Quantitative Analysis of Classroom Communication Environments for Learners With Deafblindness

2021 ◽  
pp. 002246692110413
Author(s):  
L. Beth Brady
Keyword(s):  
Visual Communication ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Classroom Communication ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Behavioral Coding ◽  
Teacher Surveys ◽  
Communication Environments ◽  
Dual Sensory Loss ◽  
Matrix Assessment

Classroom environments were analyzed to better understand adult language modeling rates and whether teacher certification practices contributed to differences with learners with deafblindness (DB). Student characteristics were also examined in relation to communication rates. When there is a dual sensory loss, access to tactile and visual communication forms (i.e., multimodal) in addition to verbal communication is needed. Data were collected from 15 teacher–student dyads from four states through behavioral coding of videotaped language samples, teacher surveys, and the Communication Matrix assessment. Overall, teachers used verbal communication significantly more than additional classroom staff. Teachers in a state that required a severe/profound certification had significantly higher rates of overall communication, visual communication, and had students with higher communication levels.

scholarly journals DEMENTIA CAREGIVER EMBRACE OF HOME VIDEO TELEHEALTH VISITS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S243-S243
Author(s):  
Lauren Moo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Dementia Caregivers ◽  
Home Video ◽  
Inclement Weather ◽  
Medical Visits ◽  
Dementia Caregiver ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Technical Issues

Abstract Bringing people with dementia to in-person medical visits can be logistically challenging for family caregivers, especially when they themselves are older adults with their own health or mobility challenges, when they live far from the clinic, or when they have to combat inclement weather. Our dementia management clinic has successfully trialed video visits into the home. Video sessions have been welcomed by many dementia caregivers citing reduced travel and less disruption of daily routine as the primary benefits of participating. Caregivers report equivalent visit satisfaction compared to in-person visits. While technical issues have been common, most were just brief audio or video lags. Expansion of HIPAA compliant telemedicine software options across devices is increasing the population of caregivers who are able to participate in home video visits. (127 words)

Clinical Trial and Research Study Recruiters’ Verbal Communication Behaviors

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 765-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Morgan ◽  
Ashton Mouton ◽  
Aurora Occa ◽  
Jonell Potter
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Communication Behaviors

Research into psychosocial issues

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Kissane ◽  
Annette F. Street ◽  
Erin E. Schweers ◽  
Thomas M. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Many ◽  
Study Designs

Psychological, existential, spiritual, and social issues cause much suffering and deserve extensive study to understand these concerns more fully and to intervene more effectively. Themes that abound include communication, coping, ethics, the family, caregiving, quality of life, death and dying, psychiatric disorders, suffering, and the many expressions of distress. Many study designs are possible to explore these themes, often with complementary quantitative and qualitative components. This chapter summarizes the psychometric properties of many of the instruments that are commonly employed in such studies and the computer-assisted software packages that assist qualitative analyses. The goal is to strengthen research design and optimize research outcomes to benefit the discipline.

Perspectives on the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence's recommendations to use health technologies only in research

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 272-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan A. Dhalla ◽  
Sarah Garner ◽  
Kalipso Chalkidou ◽  
Peter Littlejohns
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
International Workshop ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Health Technologies

Background:The concept of using public funds to pay for healthcare interventions only when provided in the context of ongoing research is receiving increasing attention worldwide. Nevertheless, these decisions are often controversial and implementation can be problematic.Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the views of United Kingdom stakeholders on the current arrangements for implementing “only in research” (OIR) decisions and to investigate how improvements might be made.Methods:After an internal review of previous OIR decisions issued by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), deliberations by NICE's Citizens Council, and an international workshop convened by NICE and the United States Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, thirteen key stakeholders and experts from academia, industry, government, and the National Health Service (NHS) were interviewed using a semistructured interview guide. Interview transcripts were subjected to a framework-based analysis using computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software.Results:All interviewees endorsed the use of the OIR option. There was a high degree of consensus for several suggestions regarding how the use of the OIR option might be improved. For example, there was universal agreement that a formal process should be established to prioritize research needs arising from OIR decisions and that funds for publicly funded research projects should be channeled in a manner that would better motivate healthcare providers to participate in OIR-related research.Conclusions:The findings of this study suggest several potential modifications of the OIR pathway in the United Kingdom and may also be helpful to health technology assessment agencies in other countries that already use or are considering using an OIR-like option to reduce the uncertainty inherent in health technology assessment.

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