scholarly journals A policy mapping analysis of the U.S. Congressional approach to medical aid-in-dying

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 905-906
Author(s):  
Nancy Kusmaul ◽  
Ji Hyang Cheon ◽  
Allison Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Medical Aid ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Us ◽  
Aid In Dying ◽  
Policy Mapping

Abstract Oregon was the first state to legalize medical aid-in-dying (MAID), in 1994. Since then eight states and Washington, DC have legalized MAID through legislation. Despite literature exploring the legal and ethical aspects of MAID, very little research examines MAID policy at the federal level. This study aimed to 1) examine the objectives of MAID legislation introduced to the US Congress, and 2) investigate whether these bills increase or decrease access to MAID. This study used the congress.gov website to search for bills related to MAID introduced by the US Congress between 1994 and 2020. From the 98 bills identified, we excluded bills that were not directly related to MAID or were introduced in subsequent congresses. In total, 23 bills were retained and analyzed. The greatest number of bills aimed to restrict funds for MAID, followed by bills that sought to regulate the drugs used for MAID. Other bills prohibited the development of policies supporting MAID, regulated penalties for practitioners related to the drugs used for MAID, and restricted legal assistance for accessing MAID. These bills intended to block or limit patient access to MAID by restricting drugs, funds, health care services, legal assistance, policy, and research. These findings suggest that the federal approach is incongruous with the growing numbers of states that have legalized MAID. Federal policymakers must develop policies to 1) prevent discrimination against vulnerable groups, 2) support funds to study MAID, and 3) build a system to allows eligible individuals to access MAID equally.

scholarly journals A Policy Mapping Analysis of the U.S. Congressional Approach to Medical Aid-in-Dying

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110436
Author(s):  
Nancy Kusmaul ◽  
Ji Hyang Cheon ◽  
Allison Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Medical Aid ◽  
The Public ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Us ◽  
Mapping Analysis ◽  
Aid In Dying ◽  
Policy Mapping

This study examines the goals of medical aid-in-dying (MAID) legislation introduced to the US Congress from 1994–2020 using a policy mapping analysis approach. Using congress.gov, we identified 98 bills, 23 bills were analyzed in this study. Most of the bills aimed to restrict the use of federal funds, to regulate the drugs commonly used for MAID, to prohibit the development of policies or practices supporting MAID, and to regulate practitioners’ roles in MAID. In practice, these bills would limit patient access to MAID by restricting drugs, funds, health care services, legal assistance, policy, and research. These findings suggest there lacks congressional support for MAID, even though polls of the public are divided yet favorable. Policymakers who support MAID should consider affirmative policies that 1) prevent MAID policies from discriminating against vulnerable groups, 2) support funding to study the use of MAID, and 3) build avenues to allow all qualified people to access MAID in places where it is legal.

John Philip Sousa’s Historic Resistance to Technology in Music Learning

2021 ◽  
pp. 153660062110339
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Thibeault
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Music Technology ◽  
Digital Music ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Music Learning ◽  
Sound Recordings ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
The Us

In this article, I explore John Philip Sousa’s historic resistance to music technology and his belief that sound recordings would negatively impact music education and musical amateurism. I review Sousa’s primary arguments from two 1906 essays and his testimony to the US Congress from the same year, based on the fundamental premise that machines themselves sing or perform, severing the connection between live listener and performer and thus rendering recordings a poor substitute for real music. Sousa coined the phrase “canned music,” and I track engagement with this phrase among the hundreds of newspapers and magazines focused on Sousa’s resistance. To better understand the construction of Sousa’s beliefs, I then review how his rich musical upbringing around the US Marine Band and the theaters of Washington DC lead to his conception of music as a dramatic ritual. And I examine the curious coda of Sousa’s life, during which he recanted his beliefs and conducted his band for radio, finding that in fact these experiences reinforced Sousa’s worries. The discussion considers how Sousa’s ideas can help us better to examine the contemporary shift to digital music by combining Sousa’s ideas with those of Sherry Turkle.

The Expansion of Health Care Services in the US—Reply

JAMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 325 (22) ◽  
pp. 2315
Author(s):  
Larry Levitt
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Us

Prenatal Care—An Introduction

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. David Banta ◽  
Susanne Houd ◽  
Elbio Suarez Ojeda
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Fetal Health ◽  
Care Services

Prenatal care is all of the care that a pregnant woman receives from organized health care services, as well as from family, relatives, and friends. It begins with planning for pregnancy, and should be seen by those who give it as part of a process that continues through labor and delivery and into the neonatal period. The primary aim of prenatal care is promotion of maternal and fetal health, viewed as a unit until the pregnancy reaches full term (3). This encompasses the goals of reducing maternal and infant mortality and morbidity, detecting early factors that heighten the perinatal risk in both individual pregnancies and vulnerable groups, intervening to improve outcomes, educating all who provide or receive prenatal care, and helping women make their pregnancies and birth a positive life experience.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Utilization of Postnatal Care Services Among Mothers in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 20691-20699
Author(s):  
Adigun A.O ◽  
Adigun K.A
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Place Of Delivery ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study examined the factors influencing postnatal health care attendance among Women in Ekiti State, Nigeria. The data used for the study was gathered by making use of structured questionnaire. Five hypotheses were formulated, chi-square and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the data. From the result obtained, it was revealed that employment status, nature of settlement, religious belief, and place of delivery of women goes a long way in influencing their postnatal health care attendance. While educational levels of women do not influence their postnatal health care attendance. Based on the findings, it was recommended that effort to strengthen postnatal care should focus on universal coverage by addressing financial, religion, nature of settlement, place of delivery, education and cultural barriers to vulnerable groups, quality improvement to increase women’s satisfaction and carry the less privilege along and integration programmes to maximize the contact between women and health care services during and after delivery and enhance economic development.

Digging Up a Painful Past

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-84
Author(s):  
Omar G. Encarnación
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Gay Rights ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Federal Employees ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
Briefing Paper ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government

This chapter talks about the Mattachine Society of Washington, DC, an organization that takes its name from the pioneering gay rights organization of the pre-Stonewall era. It looks at Charles Francis, the president of the Mattachine Society and a leading figure among American gay rights activists, who was a former Republican public relations consultant from Texas with close personal ties to the Bush family. It also discusses Francis’s activism aimed at securing an acknowledgment and apology from the US Congress for discriminatory actions taken by the federal government against LGBT Americans. This chapter analyses the Mattachine Society’s briefing paper “America’s Promise of Reconciliation and Redemption: The Need for an Official Acknowledgment and Apology for the Historic Government Assault on LGBT Federal Employees and Military Personnel,” and it emphasizes the mission of the new Mattachine Society on adjusting the legal struggle to secure an apology from the US government.

Factors Associated With the Overuse or Underuse of Health Care Services Among Medical Aid Beneficiaries in Korea

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Heui Ahn ◽  
Eui Sook Kim ◽  
Ok Kyung Ham ◽  
Soo Hyun Kim ◽  
Seung Sik Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Medical Aid ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Services

scholarly journals Does Telemedicine Reduce health disparities? Longitudinal Evidence during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Roghani ◽  
Samin Panahi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Us ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Socioeconomic Heterogeneity

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic could be a significant health issue for the elderly population and those with pre-excising chronic condition. In response to the pandemic health care services have increased the use of telehealth medicine. The propose of this study is to examine factors associated with access to telemedicine before and after COVID-19 based on sociodemographic factors and type of chronic disease.MethodWe have used data from the Research and Development Survey (RANDS) at two different time points Data collection for the first wave occurred between June 9, 2020 and July 6, 2020 (n= 6786), second wave was between August 3, 2020 and August 20, 2020 (n=5972). Three questions have been asked from the participant: 1) did the provider offer telemedicine before the pandemic? 2) does the provider offer telemedicine during the pandemic? And 3) have the participants schedule telemedicine appointments?ResultIn both waves, 62 % of the participants reported providers did not have telemedicine services prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, we found a 22% increase in offering telemedicine in six first month of the COVID-19 pandemic. The finding shows almost no change in providing telemedicine between June and August. The data indicates just a 0.5% and 0.1% increase in accessing telemedicine, and scheduling in August than June, respectively. Patients older than 65 had higher access to telemedicine and had higher scheduling frequencies than other age groups, while they had the lowest access prior to the COVID-19. Blacks had the highest access to telemedicine services than other races (40%). Additionally, females, higher education, and living in metropolitan areas were associated with higher access and scheduling during the pandemic. There was a variation of access and scheduling in different chronic diseases, however, providers offered more remote services for those who diagnosed by diabetes.ConclusionThe aim of telemedicine is to reduce disparities in healthcare access. The findings of this study show telemedicine has reduced racial disparities and provided greater accessibility for older groups. However, spatial and educational disparities are still noticeable. Research is necessary to examine how healthcare must address the socioeconomic heterogeneity in telemedicine by avoiding further disparities.

scholarly journals Improving health care transition and longitudinal care for adolescents and young adults with hydrocephalus: report from the Hydrocephalus Association Transition Summit

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 1037-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Williams ◽  
Tessa van der Willigen ◽  
Patience H. White ◽  
Cathy C. Cartwright ◽  
David L. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Transition ◽  
Health Care Transition ◽  
Professional Societies ◽  
Consensus Recommendations ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Us

The health care needs of children with hydrocephalus continue beyond childhood and adolescence; however, pediatric hospitals and pediatric neurosurgeons are often unable to provide them care after they become adults. Each year in the US, an estimated 5000–6000 adolescents and young adults (collectively, youth) with hydrocephalus must move to the adult health care system, a process known as health care transition (HCT), for which many are not prepared. Many discover that they cannot find neurosurgeons to care for them. A significant gap in health care services exists for young adults with hydrocephalus. To address these issues, the Hydrocephalus Association convened a Transition Summit in Seattle, Washington, February 17–18, 2017.The Hydrocephalus Association surveyed youth and families in focus groups to identify common concerns with HCT that were used to identify topics for the summit. Seven plenary sessions consisted of formal presentations. Four breakout groups identified key priorities and recommended actions regarding HCT models and practices, to prepare and engage patients, educate health care professionals, and address payment issues. The breakout group results were discussed by all participants to generate consensus recommendations.Barriers to effective HCT included difficulty finding adult neurosurgeons to accept young adults with hydrocephalus into their practices; unfamiliarity of neurologists, primary care providers, and other health care professionals with the principles of care for patients with hydrocephalus; insufficient infrastructure and processes to provide effective HCT for youth, and longitudinal care for adults with hydrocephalus; and inadequate compensation for health care services.Best practices were identified, including the National Center for Health Care Transition Improvement’s “Six Core Elements of Health Care Transition 2.0”; development of hydrocephalus-specific transition programs or incorporation of hydrocephalus into existing general HCT programs; and development of specialty centers for longitudinal care of adults with hydrocephalus.The lack of formal HCT and longitudinal care for young adults with hydrocephalus is a significant health care services problem in the US and Canada that professional societies in neurosurgery and neurology must address. Consensus recommendations of the Hydrocephalus Association Transition Summit address 1) actions by hospitals, health systems, and practices to meet local community needs to improve processes and infrastructure for HCT services and longitudinal care; and 2) actions by professional societies in adult and pediatric neurosurgery and neurology to meet national needs to improve processes and infrastructure for HCT services; to improve training in medical and surgical management of hydrocephalus and in HCT and longitudinal care; and to demonstrate the outcomes and effectiveness of HCT and longitudinal care by promoting research funding.

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