Life Span Study of SPF Fischer 344 Male Rats Fed AdLibitum or Restricted Diets: Longevity, Growth, Lean Body Mass and Disease

1982 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Yu ◽  
E. J. Masoro ◽  
I. Murata ◽  
H. A. Bertrand ◽  
F. T. Lynd
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Life Span Study ◽  
Fischer 344

Life-Span Study of SPF Fischer 344 Male Rats Fed Ad Libitum or Restricted Diets: Longevity, Growth, Lean Body Mass and Disease

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Pal Yu ◽  
Edward J. Masoro ◽  
Ikuo Murata ◽  
Helen A. Bertrand ◽  
Frederick T. Lynd
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Life Span Study ◽  
Renal Lesions ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ad Libitum

A life-span study was carried out on longevity, pathologic lesions, growth, lean body mass, and selected aspects of muscle of barrier-maintained SPF Fischer 344 rats fed either ad libitum (Group A) or 60% of the ad libitum intake (Group R). Food restriction was as effective in prolonging the life of already long-lived SPF rats as previously shown for rats maintained in conventional facilities. Food restriction not only increased the mean length of life but also acted to extend life-span since more than 60% of the Group R rats lived longer than the longest lived Group A rat. Renal lesions occurred at an earlier age in Group A rats than in Group R rats and progressed more rapidly. Death of most Group A rats was associated with severe renal lesions while few Group R rats showed such lesions at death. Food restriction was also found to delay or prevent interstitial cell tumors of the testes, bile duct hyperplasia, myocardial fibrosis and myocardial degeneration. Gastrocnemius muscle mass declined in advanced age and food restriction delayed this decline. Interestingly, however, lean body mass did not progressively decline with increasing age but rather decline occurred only after the onset of the terminal disease process. Copyright (c) The Gerontological Society of America. Reproduced by permission of the publisher. Byung Pal Yu, Edward J. Masoro, Ikuo Murata, Helen A. Bertrand, Frederick T. Lynd, Life Span Study of SPF Fischer 344 Male Rats Fed Ad Libitum or Restricted Diets: Longevity, Growth, Lean Body Mass and Disease. J. Gerontol. 37 , 130-141 (1982).

Selected Contribution: Bone adaptation with aging and long-term caloric restriction in Fischer 344 × Brown-Norway F1-hybrid rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 1739-1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy M. LaMothe ◽  
Russell T. Hepple ◽  
Ronald F. Zernicke
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Geometry ◽  
Bone Adaptation ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Ad Libitum

Rodents are commonly used as models for human aging because of their relatively short life span, the ease of obtaining age-specific tissue samples, and lower cost. However, age-associated disease may confound inbred animal studies. For example, numerous physiologically significant lesions, such as chronic nephropathy, are more common in aged Fischer 344 (F344) rats than in other strains (Bronson RT, Genetic Effects of Aging, 1990). Conversely, F344 × Brown-Norway F1-hybrid (F344BN) rats, developed by the National Institute on Aging for aging research, live considerably longer and have fewer pathologies at any given age vs. inbred strains (Lipman RD, Chrisp CE, Hazzard DG, and Bronson RT, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 51: 54-59, 1996). To our knowledge, there are no data regarding the effect of age on bone geometry and mechanics in this strain of rat. Furthermore, caloric restriction (CR) extends the mean and maximal life span of animals and significantly reduces age-associated disease but may have adverse consequences for bone growth and mechanics. Thus we investigated the effects of age and CR on bone geometry and mechanics in the axial and appendicular skeleton of F344 Brown-Norway rats. Ad libitum fed rats were assessed at 8 mo (young adult; n = 6), 28 mo (late middle age; n = 5), and 36 mo (senescence; n = 6). CR rats were assessed at 28 mo ( n = 6). Tibiae and the sixth lumbar vertebrae (L6) were dissected, scanned (micro-computed tomography) to determine geometry, and tested mechanically. From 8 to 36 mo, there were no significant changes in L6 geometry, and only the cross-sectional moment of inertia changed (increased) with the tibia. CR-induced body mass reductions accounted for changes in L6 load at proportional limit, maximal load, and stiffness (structural properties), but altered tibial structural properties were independent of body mass. In tibiae, geometric changes dominated alterations in structural properties. Those data demonstrated that, whereas aging in ad libitum-fed animals induced minor changes in bone mechanics, axial and appendicular bones were adversely influenced by CR in late-middle-aged animals in different manners.

Does food restriction retard aging by reducing the metabolic rate?

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (4) ◽  
pp. E488-E490 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. McCarter ◽  
E. J. Masoro ◽  
B. P. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Metabolic rate was determined by measuring O2 consumption in two groups of 6-mo-old male rats fed ad libitum (group 1) or maintained on a life-prolonging food-restriction regimen for 4.5 mo (group 2). These measurements were made continuously for 23.75 h under conditions nearly identical to those of the daily life of the rats. The metabolic rate per kilogram lean body mass was the same for both groups, a finding contrary to the hypothesis that food restriction retards the aging process and prolongs life by slowing the metabolic rate per unit of metabolic mass. This and our previous work strongly suggest that the classic views of the action of food restriction on aging must be re-evaluated because retardation of the aging process can occur without the restriction of calories or any other nutrient per unit of lean body mass. The long held belief that reducing food intake lowers the metabolic rate per unit of metabolic mass may be true in short-term dietary programs but appears not to be true when a significant portion of the life span is involved.

Inulin and thiocyanate spaces of rat in starvation and undernutrition

1961 ◽  
Vol 201 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashton B. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Inulin Space

Inulin space and thiocyanate space determinations were made on three groups of male rats: the first group was chronically undernourished by feeding a restricted ration for 10 weeks, the second group was starved with free access to water, and the third was made up of normal male controls. The inulin space was found to expand relative to the final body weight or lean body mass in the undernourished animal. No absolute increase in inulin space took place. In starvation the inulin space did not change in proportion to the body weight and its absolute value decreased. The thiocyanate space relative to the final body weight or lean body mass expanded slightly but significantly in chronic undernutrition and in starvation, but no absolute increase of the thiocyanate space took place.

Toxic effects of inhaled DMMP on the kidneys of Fischer-344 rats

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 880-881
Author(s):  
D.R. Mattie ◽  
C.J. Hixson
Keyword(s):  
Left Kidney ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Fischer 344

Dimethylmethylphosphonate (DMMP) is a simple organophosphate used industrially as a flame retardant and to lower viscosity in polyester and epoxy resins. The military considered the use of DMMP as a nerve gas simulant. Since military use of DMMP involved exposure by inhalation, there was a need for a subchronic inhalation exposure to DMMP to fully investigate its toxic potential.Male Fischer-344 rats were exposed to 25 ppm or 250 ppm DMMP vapor on a continuous basis for 90 days. An equal number of control rats were sham-exposed. Following the 90-day continuous exposure period, 15 male rats were sacrificed from each group. Two rats from each group had the left kidney perfused for electron microscopic examination. The kidneys were perfused from a height of 150 cm water with 1% glutaraldehyde in Sorensen's 0.1M phosphate buffer pH 7.2. An additional kidney was taken from a rat in each group and fixed by immersion in 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 2% paraformaldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer pH 7.4. A portion of the 9 kidneys collected for electron microscopy were processed into Epon 812. Thin sections, stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, were examined with a JEOL 100B Transmission Electron Microscope. Microvilli height was measured on photographs of the cells of proximal tubules. This data, along with morphologic features of the cells, allows the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) to be identified as being S1, S2, or S3 segment PCT.

Effects of aging on axon terminals in the dentate molecular layer

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 928-929
Author(s):  
K. Cullen-Dockstader ◽  
E. Fifkova
Keyword(s):  
Granule Cells ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Perforant Path ◽  
Axon Terminals ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Spatial Memory Deficit ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Normal aging results in a pronounced spatial memory deficit associated with a rapid decay of long-term potentiation at the synapses between the perforant path and spines in the medial and distal thirds of the dentate molecular layer (DML), suggesting the alteration of synaptic transmission in the dentate fascia. While the number of dentate granule cells remains unchanged, and there are no obvious pathological changes in these cells associated with increasing age, the density of their axospinous contacts has been shown to decrease. There are indications that the presynaptic element is affected by senescence before the postsynaptic element, yet little attention has been given to the fine structure of the remaining axon terminals. Therefore, we studied the axon terminals of the perforant path in the DML across three age groups.5 Male rats (Fischer 344) of each age group (3, 24 and 30 months), were perfused through the aorta.

Tumorigenesis in High-Dose Total Body Irradiated Rhesus Monkeys--A Life Span Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carel F. Hollander ◽  
Chris Zurcher ◽  
Johan J. Broerse
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Life Span Study ◽  
Total Body
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