1. Introduction to competition law

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Sandra Marco Colino
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Market Power ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
Market System ◽  
House Of Lords ◽  
Competitive Activity ◽  
Made In

This chapter presents an introduction to competition law covering the development of competition law, the experience of the United States, economics and competition law, and competition law resources. Competition law is the legislation that ensures competition is protected from unrestrained market power in free market economies. The primary purpose of competition law is to remedy some of the situations in which the free market system — in which supply and demand, and not government intervention, determine the allocation of resources — breaks down. The point was well made in the House of Lords debate during the passage of the Competition Act 1998 (CA) that ‘competition law provides the framework for competitive activity. It protects the process of competition’.

United Kingdom: House of Lords Decision in Westinghouse Electric Corporation Uranium Contract Litigation (Execution of Letters Rogatory)

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-61
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
District Court ◽  
High Court ◽  
House Of Lords ◽  
Civil Proceedings ◽  
Utility Companies ◽  
Westinghouse Electric Corporation ◽  
Westinghouse Electric ◽  
Made In

On 28th October 1976 an ex parte order was made in the High Court, Queen's Bench Division, under section 2 of the Evidence (Proceedings in Other jurisdictions) Act 1975, giving effect to letters rogatory issued out of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, Richmond Division, at the instance of Westinghouse Electric Corporation (Westing- "house"). In the Richmond Court Westinghouse are defendants in a number of actions (civil proceedings) consolidated in that court, by utility companies producing electricity, alleging breaches of contract by Westinghouse for the supply of uranium and claiming very large sums in damages. Westinghouse put forward.(inter alia) a defence of commercial impracticability arising from an alleged uranium producers' cartel.

A Giant Problem: The Influence of the Chicago School on Australian Competition Law, Economic Dynamism and Inequality

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Triggs ◽  
Andrew Leigh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Market Power ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Chicago School ◽  
The United States ◽  
Market Concentration ◽  
Vertical Restraints ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Competitive Process ◽  
Growing Body

Australia has a competition problem: there is not enough of it. Our industries are concentrated. Our markets show signs of weak competition. The way Australia’s courts, parliamentarians and regulators think about competition is partly to blame. Although it has been less influential in Australia than in the United States, the Chicago School’s views on competition have shaped our laws, policies and enforcement practices. The Chicago School views market concentration as a virtue more than a vice. The School contended that barriers to entry are negligible, market power is temporary, most mergers are good, vertical restraints and predatory pricing are either benign or efficient. The growing body of research and experience, however, shows that the Chicago School’s faith in the ability of markets to self-correct and deliver competitive outcomes was misplaced. There is a strong progressive case for repositioning how we think about competition. Focusing more on the competitive process, the structure of markets and the incentives those structures create for firms will play an important role in reducing inequality.

scholarly journals The Optimum Geographical Location of Burley Tobacco Production within the Burley Belt

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verner Grise
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
States Department ◽  
Burley Tobacco ◽  
Tobacco Production

Burley tobacco is a major crash crop in Kentucky, middle and eastern Tennessee, and Southwestern Virginia. Burley tobacco acreages and the farm acreage distributions of burley tobacco have been determined by the United States Department of Agriculture since 1933. In 1966, approximately 250,000 acres of burley tobacco was alloted to farmers in the United States.The purpose of burley acreage allotments has been to equate the supply and demand for burley tobacco at a price considerably higher than that which a free market would establish.

scholarly journals Supply and Demand for Radiation Oncology in the United States: Updated Projections for 2015 to 2025

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. E394-E395
Author(s):  
H.Y. Pan ◽  
B.G. Haffty ◽  
B. Falit ◽  
T.A. Buchholz ◽  
L.D. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Radiation Oncology ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
The United States

Mexican Migration and the Social Space of Postmodernism

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-23
Author(s):  
Roger Rouse
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Space ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mexican Migration ◽  
Single Word ◽  
The Social ◽  
Made In

In a hidden sweatshop in downtown Los Angeles, Asian and Latino migrants produce automobile parts for a factory in Detroit. As the parts leave the production line, they are stamped “Made in Brazil.” In a small village in the heart of Mexico, a young woman at her father’s wake wears a black T-shirt sent to her by a brother in the United States. The shirt bears a legend that some of the mourners understand but she does not. It reads, “Let’s Have Fun Tonight!” And on the Tijuana-San Diego border, Guillermo Gómez-Peña, a writer originally from Mexico City, reflects on the time he has spent in what he calls “the gap between two worlds”: “Today, eight years after my departure, when they ask me for my nationality or ethnic identity, I cannot answer with a single word, for my ‘identity’ now possesses multiple repertoires: I am Mexican but I am also Chicano and Latin American. On the border they call me ‘chilango’ or ‘mexiquillo’; in the capital, ‘pocho’ or ‘norteno,’ and in Spain ‘sudaca.’… My companion Emily is Anglo-Italian but she speaks Spanish with an Argentinian accent. Together we wander through the ruined Babel that is our American postmodemity.”

Bayesian Forcasting Model – 2020 Presidential Elections in the United States of America

2021 ◽  
Vol 704 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Maria Raczyńska
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Bayesian Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Bayesian Forecasting ◽  
Technical Point ◽  
Made In

The article describes and explains a prior centric Bayesian forecasting model for the 2020 US elections.The model is based on the The Economist forecasting project, but strongly differs from it. From the technical point of view, it uses R and Stan programming and Stan software. The article’s focus is on theoretical decisions made in the process of constructing the model and outcomes. It describes why Bayesian models are used and how they are used to predict US presidential elections.

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