JP Den Hartog about SP Timoshenko: Fifty Years Later

This study is devoted to Jacob Pieter Den Hartog’s views about Stephen Prokopovych Timoshenko. Both were outstanding contributors to the mechanics-based design of structures and machines. Additionally, both were refugees, who were running from hardships in their own countries. Den Hartog ran away from economic hardships that befell the Netherlands after World War I. Timoshenko escaped two Russian revolutions that took place in 1917, in addition to the takeover of Kiev by several armies, including foreign ones, and imminent Soviet rule in Ukraine. Their destinies led them to meet at the Westinghouse Electric Corporation in the USA. This study reviews two prime documents associated with their interaction. The first document is the newly discovered letter sent by Den Hartog to Timoshenko half a century ago, specifically, on the occasion of the latter’s 90th birthday in 1968. The second document is the review of the book As I Remember by SP Timoshenko that Den Hartog published in Science magazine, also in 1968. A complex interrelationship emerges between these two scientists. On the one hand, there is a tremendous appreciation felt by Den Hartog toward Timoshenko; on the other hand, one clearly observes Den Hartog’s disapproval of Timoshenko’s ingratitude to the USA, as expressed in Timoshenko’s autobiography, in numerous passages.

Safety Parameters Display Systems

The chapter contains a description of Safety Parameters Display Systems (SPDS) implemented at NPP units WWER-1000 of Ukraine. These systems were designed by Westinghouse Electric Corporation (USA). LLC “Westron” (Ukraine) took development and implementation of these systems. These systems were provided at 11 NPP units in the framework of the International Nuclear Safety Program with the support of DOE (USA). The general purpose of SPDS is to provide support for operators, when abnormality of NPP unit operational conditions must be determined rapidly. The chapter considers the purpose and the functions of these systems, specific features of the displaying information about the state of the functions, which are critical for NPP unit safety, and the structure of systems. Implementation of SPDS project at 11 units of Ukrainian NPPs is a good example of USA and Ukraine collaboration in the nuclear area. Organization of this large-scale modernization is described.

York Resource Recovery Center Control System Upgrade

The York Resource Recovery Center was constructed and completed for the York County Solid Waste and Refuse Authority by Westinghouse Electric Corporation in October 1989. The design incorporated three Westinghouse O’Connor Rotary Combustors fitted with Deltak Boilers to provide a state-of-the art incineration system for the 400,000 residents of York County. Westinghouse incorporated many of their industrial products into the plant including their Westinghouse Data Processing Family Control System (WDPF) for control of the plant combustion and generation process.

WR-21 Intercooled Recuperated Gas Turbine System Overview and Update

In December 1991, the United States Navy awarded a contract to Northrop Grumman Marine Systems (then Westinghouse Electric Corporation) for the design and development of an intercooled, recuperated gas turbine engine system (ICR). The system is known by the designation WR-21. The development team includes Northrop Grumman as the prime contractor and system integrator, Rolls-Royce (RR) as the gas turbine developer, Allied Signal as developer of the recuperator cores, recuperator housing, and intercooler cores, and CAE Electronics Ltd. as the digital controller developer. After the development program began, the Royal Navy and the French Navy became interested in the ICR technology and have since become active program participants. The Navy team’s joint goal is to design, develop, and qualify a fuel efficient engine for future surface combatants. This paper provides an overview and update of the WR-21 requirements, principles of operation, system description/performance, and the development program.

New 200 MW Class 501G Combustion Turbine

The 501G 60-Hz combustion turbine has been developed jointly by Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., and FiatAvio. It continues a long line of large heavy-duty single-shaft combustion turbines by combining the proven efficient and reliable concepts of the 501F with the latest advances in aero technology via the Westinghouse Alliance with Rolls-Royce. The output of the 501G is over 230 MW with a combined cycle net efficiency of 58 percent. This makes the 501G the largest 60-Hz combustion turbine in the world and also the most efficient.

Evaluation of Thermochemical Recuperation and Partial Oxidation Concepts for Natural Gas-Fired Advanced Turbine Systems

An investigation into the potential benefits of thermochemical recuperation and partial oxidation in advanced natural gas-fired turbine systems is being carried out by a team consisting of the Westinghouse Electric Corporation and the Institute of Gas Technology under contract to the U.S. Department of Energy and the Gas Research Institute. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the application of thermochemical recuperation and/or partial oxidation technologies to advanced natural gas-fired power generation systems provides performance and/or cost benefits. This paper presents an overview of the concepts and technologies which are under investigation, as well as several of the thermodynamic cycles which are being developed to determine their viability.

Biomass Gasification Hot Gas Filter Testing Results

Westinghouse Electric Corporation, under contract to the US Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory, has been conducting hot gas cleanup system testing compatible with a pressurized fluidized bed gasifier and the operation of a gas turbine. The testing is in support of the US Department of Energy’s Binmass Power Program, and specifically, the Biomass Gasification Facility Demonstration in Paia, Hawaii. The hot gas cleanup testing was conducted at the Institute of Gas Technology’s research facilities in Chicago, Illinois, using the RENUGAS® 9.1 metric ton (10 ton) per day process development unit. The initial testing began in September 1994 and concluded February 1995. Based on the results of this testing, the hot gas cleanup system’s operation is being optimized for longer duration testing to be conducted at the Biomass Gasification Facility in Hawaii. Initial test results show that hot gas filtration of bagasse flyash/char, as well as tar and oils reduction, at gasifier operating conditions can be successfully accomplished. The results of these initial tests are summarized in this paper.

Evolution of Westinghouse Heavy-Duty Power Generation and Industrial Combustion Turbines

This paper reviews the evolution of heavy-duty power generation and industrial combustion turbines in the United States from a Westinghouse Electric Corporation perspective. Westinghouse combustion turbine genealogy began in March of 1943 when the first wholly American designed and manufactured jet engine went on test in Philadelphia, and continues today in Orlando, Florida, with the 230 MW, 501G combustion turbine. In this paper, advances in thermodynamics, materials, cooling, and unit size will be described. Many basic design features such as two-bearing rotor, cold-end drive, can-annular internal combustors, CURVIC clutched turbine disks, and tangential exhaust struts have endured successfully for over 40 years. Progress in turbine technology includes the clean coal technology and advanced turbine systems initiatives of the U.S. Department of Energy.