scholarly journals 1026Female-Headed Households: Gender and Health Inequalities

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada Saad ◽  
Jocelyn DeJong ◽  
Hala Ghattas ◽  
Aluisio Barros ◽  
Andrea Wendt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Birth Registration ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Disadvantaged Children ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Female Headed Households

Abstract Background Gender norms greatly affect who is the main breadwinner and decision maker in a household. Commonly, in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, males are the household heads and it is believed that female-headed households (FHH) are more disadvantaged compared to male-headed households (MHH). Our analysis identifies a household typology and illustrates differences in social inequalities and child health outcomes by headship gender. Methods We used DHS/MICS surveys in MENA to identify three types: MHH, and FHH with/without males. We analyzed differentials in birth registration, care-seeking for health treatment, obesity, stunting and full vaccination, wealth quintiles, head’s education and residence. Results Among nine countries with surveys since 2010, the average prevalence of FHH was 12%. Female heads were generally over 50 years and had no or primary education. FHH are generally poorer, especially FHH with no males. In Algeria, Iraq, Morocco and Yemen, the proportions of FHH with males present were larger in the richer quintiles, compared to other household types. Disparities in child indicators varied by country, and were not evident for birth registration, vaccination and obesity. Care-seeking was higher among FHH. Stunting was higher among FHH without males. Conclusions Disparities in child health indicators are not evident across the household types. However, there were differences in household wealth and head’s education by household type. Female headship is an important dimension of inequality, but there are differences within that category. Key messages Despite being socially disadvantaged, children in FHH received similar healthcare compared to children in MHH.

scholarly journals Mental Health of Parents and Primary Caregivers by Sex and Associated Child Health Indicators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Beth Wolicki ◽  
Rebecca H. Bitsko ◽  
Robyn A. Cree ◽  
Melissa L. Danielson ◽  
Jean Y. Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Health Indicators

How Well Do Birth Records Serve Maternal and Child Health Programs? Birth Registration System Evaluation, New York City, 2008–2011

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1559-1566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata E. Howland ◽  
Ann M. Madsen ◽  
Amita Toprani ◽  
Melissa Gambatese ◽  
Candace Mulready-Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
System Evaluation ◽  
Birth Registration ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Birth Records ◽  
Child Health Programs ◽  
And Child Health

scholarly journals The impact of equity factors on receipt of timely appropriate care for children with suspected malaria in eastern Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Humphreys ◽  
Joan Nakayaga Kalyango ◽  
Tobias Alfvén
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapy ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Dosing Schedule ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Eastern Uganda

Abstract Introduction Malaria accounts for more than one-tenth of sub-Saharan Africa’s 2.8 million annual childhood deaths, and remains a leading cause of post-neonatal child mortality in Uganda. Despite increased community-based treatment in Uganda, children continue to die because services fail to reach those most at risk. This study explores the influence of two key equity factors, socioeconomic position and rurality, on whether children with fever in eastern Uganda receive timely access to appropriate treatment for suspected malaria. Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which data were collected from 1094 caregivers of children aged 6–59 months on: illness and care-seeking during the previous two weeks, treatment received, and treatment dosing schedule. Additional data on rurality and household socioeconomic position were extracted from the Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS) database. A child was considered to have received prompt and appropriate care for symptoms of malaria if they received the recommended drug in the recommended dosing schedule on the day of symptom onset or the next day. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models were developed to explore associations of the two equity factors with the outcome. The STROBE checklist for observational studies guided reporting. Results Seventy-four percent of children had symptoms of illness in the preceding two weeks, of which fever was the most common. Children from rural households were statistically more likely to receive prompt and appropriate treatment with artemisinin-combination therapy than their semi-urban counterparts (OR 2.32, CI 1.17–4.59, p = 0.016). This association remained significant following application of an adjusted regression model that included the age of the child, caregiver relationship, and household wealth index (OR 2.4, p = 0.036). Wealth index in its own right did not exert a significant effect for children with reported fever (OR for wealthiest quintile = 1.02, CI 0.48–2.15, p = 0.958). Conclusions The findings from this study help to identify the role and importance of two key equity determinants on care seeking and treatment receipt for fever in children. Whilst results should be interpreted within the limitations of data and context, further studies have the potential to assist policy makers to target inequitable social and spatial variations in health outcomes as a key strategy in ending preventable child morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals The Maternal and Child Health Handbook for Improving the Continuum of Care and Other Maternal and Child Health Indicators in Angola: An Implementation Study Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Aoki ◽  
Keiji Mochida ◽  
Michiru Kuramata ◽  
Toru Sadamori ◽  
Helga Reis Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Continuum Of Care ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Implementation Status ◽  
And Child Health

Background: Reducing maternal, neonatal, and infant mortality tops the health targets of sustainable development goals. Many lifesaving interventions are being introduced in antenatal, delivery, and postnatal care. However, many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have not reached maternal and child health targets. The Maternal and Child Health Handbook (MCH-HB) is recommended as a home-based record to promote a continuum of care from pregnancy to early childhood, and is gaining increasing attention among LMICs. Several countries have adopted it as national health policy. To effectively utilize the MCH-HB in LMICs, implementation needs to be considered. Angola is an LIMC in Sub-Saharan Africa, where maternal and child health indicators are among the poorest. The Angolan Ministry of Health adopted the MCH-HB program in its national health policy and is currently conducting a cluster randomized controlled trial (MCH-HB RCT) to evaluate its impact on the continuum of care. This study aimed to evaluate implementation status, and barriers and facilitators of MCH-HB program implementation in Angola.Methods: To evaluate implementation status comprehensively, the RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) framework will be used. Four components other than effectiveness will be investigated. A cross-sectional survey will be conducted targeting all health facilities and officers in charge of the MCH-HB at the municipality health office in the intervention group after the MCH-HB RCT. Data from the cross-sectional survey, secondary MCH-HB RCT data, and operational MCH-HB RCT records will be analyzed. Health facilities will be classified into good-implementation and poor-implementation groups using RE-AIM indicators. To identify barriers to and facilitators of MCH-HB implementation, semi-structured interviews/focus group discussions will be conducted among health workers at a sub-sample of health facilities and all municipality health officers in charge of MCH-HB in the intervention group. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research will be adopted to develop interview items. Thematic analysis will be performed. By comparing good-implementation and poor-implementation health facilities, factors that differ between groups that contribute to successful implementation can be identified.Discussion: This study's findings are expected to inform MCH-HB implementation policy and guidelines in Angola and in other countries that plan to adopt the MCH-HB program.

Contribution of the results‐based financing strategy to improving maternal and child health indicators in Burkina Faso

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zawora Rita Zizien ◽  
Catherine Korachais ◽  
Philippe Compaoré ◽  
Valéry Ridde ◽  
Vincent De Brouwere
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Financing Strategy ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Results Based Financing

The Impact of Maternal Health Care Utilization on Probability of Child Survival in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1006-1014
Author(s):  
Ajit Kumar Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Child Health

Maternal and child health programmes plays a key role in reducing infant and child mortality in any population. The Government of India started maternal and child health care services in the first five year plan (1951-56). This study uses data from the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS, 2015-16). We are interested to examine the effect of child delivery at a healthcare facility, on child survival. We are followed by Mosley and Chen’s framework (1884), according to the framework, several socioeconomic determinants are grouped into some categories, namely, maternal, environmental contamination, nutrient deficiency, and personal illness control. Consequently, we reduced the number of independent variables to women’s age at birth and education, birth order, low child birth weight, household wealth, and healthcare.

scholarly journals Impact of measles supplementary immunisation activities on utilisation of maternal and child health services in low-income and middle-income countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. e000466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Postolovska ◽  
Stéphane Helleringer ◽  
Margaret E Kruk ◽  
Stéphane Verguet
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
And Child Health

BackgroundMeasles supplementary immunisation activities (SIAs) are an integral component of measles elimination in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite their success in increasing vaccination coverage, there are concerns about their negative consequences on routine services. Few studies have conducted quantitative assessments of SIA impact on utilisation of health services.MethodsWe analysed the impact of SIAs on utilisation of selected maternal and child health services using Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys from 28 LMICs, where at least one SIA occurred over 2000–2014. Logistic regressions were conducted to investigate the association between SIAs and utilisation of the following services: facility delivery, postnatal care and outpatient sick child care (for fever, diarrhoea, cough).ResultsSIAs do not appear to significantly impact utilisation of maternal and child services. We find a reduction in care-seeking for treatment of child cough (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.48 to 0.95); and a few significant effects at the country level, suggesting the need for further investigation of the idiosyncratic effects of SIAs in each country.ConclusionThe paper contributes to the debate on vertical versus horizontal programmes to ensure universal access to vaccination. Measles SIAs do not seem to affect care-seeking for critical conditions.

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