Effects of temperature on the detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus using cefoxitin disc diffusion testing with Iso-Sensitest agar

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Skov ◽  
R. Smyth ◽  
A. Yusof ◽  
A. Karlsson ◽  
K. Mills ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

scholarly journals Bacterial Etiology of Wound Exudates in Tertiary Care Cancer Patients and Antibiogram of the Isolates

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117863372095207
Author(s):  
Kiran Duwadi ◽  
Sujan Khadka ◽  
Sanjib Adhikari ◽  
Sanjeep Sapkota ◽  
Pabitra Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Patients with malignancies frequently develop infections as a result of surgical procedures and fungating wounds leading to pus formation. This cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the bacteriological spectra of infections of various cancer sites and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns among the patients visiting minor operation theatre (OT) of B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital (BPKMCH), Chitwan, Nepal. Methods: Over a period of 3 months from September to November 2018, a total of 183 wound exudates and pus samples were collected and analyzed by standard microbiological procedures. Isolates were identified based on the colony characters, Gram staining and an array of biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique according to criteria set by CLSI, 2016. Methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus was tested with the help of cefoxitin using disc diffusion method. Results: Out of the 183 samples, 149 (81.4%) were culture positive. Among 13 different isolates identified, S. aureus (43.0%) was predominant followed by E. coli (14.0%). Higher incidence of bacteria was seen among the males (52.3%), in the age group 51 to 60 years (26.8%) and among the patients undergoing surgical intervention to deal with cancer (34.2%). The prevalence of wound infection was significantly affected by gender, age, and treatment regimen ( P < .01). Out of the total 68 S. aureus isolates, 38 (44.1%) were deemed as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Among the 158 isolates, 85 (53.8%) were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Cefepime was the most effective antibiotic for Gram positive isolates whereas both imipenem and meropenem were found to be equally more effective for Gram negative isolates. Conclusion: This study suggests that patients with malignancies harbor pathogenic bacteria; therefore, prudent use of antibiotics is essential to prevent the emergence of MDR pathogens.

scholarly journals Comparison of mecA gene-based PCR with CLSI cefoxitin and oxacillin disc diffusion methods for detecting methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (21) ◽  
pp. 2438-2441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rostami Soodabeh ◽  
Moosavian Mojtaba ◽  
Shoja Saeed ◽  
Torabipour Maryam ◽  
Farshadzadeh Zahra
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Disc Diffusion

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β, 14α – diol (22Z) from Kenyan Ganoderma lucidum

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Sande ◽  
Danstone Lilechi Baraza ◽  
Selline Ooko ◽  
Peter Kuloba Nyongesa
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method

Aims: To determine the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Kenyan Ganoderma lucidum. Study Design: Structural determination of the isolated compound was done using spectral evidences and in comparison with literature. The antibacterial properties of the compound was done using disc diffusion method. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, between January and November, 2019. Methodology: Sequential extraction of dried samples of Kenyan G. lucidum were done using solvents hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Chromatographic separation of hexane extract of Ganoderma lucidum was done using spectroscopic data. The compound was assayed against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Methicillin–Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes. Standard antibiotic namely; ampicillin was used as the control. Disc diffusion method was used and zones of inhibition, after respective incubation periods, were used to quantify antibacterial activity. Results: From hexane extract of Ganoderma lucidum, Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β, 14α – diol (22Z) was isolated. Ethylacetate and methanol extracts produced a mixture of complex compounds. Ergosta-5,7,22-triene-3β,14α-diol (22Z) exhibited significant activity against Methicillin-Resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (p=0.022) and Streptococcus pyogenes (p = 0.05). The most sensitive microbe was Streptococcus pyogenes. Conclusion: One major compound, Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β, 14α – diol (22Z) was isolated, characterized and antibacterial activity determined.

scholarly journals Comparison of Cefoxitin and Oxacillin disc diffusion test for the detection of mecA mediated methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 07-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durdana Chowdhury ◽  
Sanya Tahmina Jhora ◽  
Shika Paul ◽  
Tarek Mahbub Khan ◽  
Mili Rani Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Diffusion Test ◽  
Laboratory Procedure ◽  
Gold Standard Method

The study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of cefoxitin disc diffusion test to detect methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and compare it with oxacillin disc diffusion test and detection of mecA gene by PCR.  A total 116 S. aureus were isolated from clinical samples, collected from SSMC&MH, BIRDEM and NMC hospital, and was isolated by culture and identified by standard laboratory procedure. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by oxacillin (1µg) and cefoxitin (30 µg) discs. PCR for amplification of mecA gene was performed as a gold standard method. Out of 116 isolates, 28 were PCR positive, 33 and 31 were oxacillin and cefoxitin resistant respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for the detection of MRSA was 100% and 94.31%inoxacillin disc diffusion test, and 96.42% and 95.45%in cefoxitin disc diffusion test respectively. Specificity is higher (95.45%) in cefoxitin disc diffusion test than oxacillin disc diffusion test in the detection of MRSA. Use of disc diffusion tests for both oxacillin and cefoxitin can help in more accurate prediction of methicillin resistance than single test, especially in centers which are not equipped to carry out more sophisticated tests for the detection of MRSA.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v7i1.19314 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2013; 07(01): 7-10

scholarly journals fFrequency of Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus Among Healthcare Workers (HCWs) and Patients in Bandar Abbas, Southern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Motahare Amirizadeh ◽  
Ali Rahimi ◽  
Maryam Ansari ◽  
Ali AtashAbParvar ◽  
Hosein Hamadiyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Bandar Abbas

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a problematic infectious agent in hospitals as well as in the community. Nasal carriage of healthcare workers (HCWs) and sometimes patients are an important source for transmitting this bacterium to vulnerable individuals. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the frequency of nasal carriage of S. aureus and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of this organism isolated from HCWs and patients at Shahid Mohammadi Hospital in Bandar Abbas, South of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2017 to December 2018. A total of 400 nasal swabs were taken from HCWs and patients to investigate the presence of S. aureus. An antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was carried out using the disc diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Methicillin resistance was determined using cefoxitin disc diffusion and PCR for mecA gene. Agar dilution was performed to determine MIC of vancomycin and mupirocin. Results: Of 130 HCWs, 11 (8.5%) subjects were nasal carriers, of which 5 (45.5%) harbored methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Of 270 patients, 21 (7.8%) patients were nasal carriers, of whom 9 (42.9%) patients were MRSA carriers. Linezolid and vancomycin were the most effective agents, and 100% of isolates were susceptible to these agents. Furthermore, high-level mupirocin-resistant S. aureus (HLMuRSA) was observed in 6.3% of the isolates. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that the rate of nasal carriage among HCWs and patients was lower than global reports. However, the frequency of MRSA was comparable with previously reported ranges and was approximately high. Vancomycin and linezolid are the most effective antimicrobial agents. Appropriate decolonization is recommended for the control of transmission of MRSA to vulnerable individuals.

scholarly journals Resistance pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among nasal isolates of HIV infected patients in a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 428
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar Diwakar ◽  
Ankur Goyal ◽  
Sapna Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nasal Swab Sample

Background: Patients infected with HIV have an increased risk of nasal Staphylococcus aureus carriage as well as consecutive staphylococcal infections and is a major reservoir for MRSA which is potential risk factors for community acquired MRSA. Knowing the Nasal carriage status of Staphylococcus aureus and their Antibiogram will be beneficial for effective management of these patients.Methods: Nasal swab sample were collected from all the participants and processed for culture and identification of Staphylococcus aureus and their antimicrobial sensitivity. All the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were tested for Methicillin resistance by Oxacillin screen agar test, cefoxitin disc diffusion test and further confirmed by mecA gene PCR.Results: In this study out of 220 HIV seropositive patients, 43.64% isolates were confirmed to be S. aureus, 18.75% MRSA and 81.25% were MSSA. Cefoxitin disc diffusion showed 100% specificity (95% CI; 97.05%-100.00%), 100% sensitivity (95% CI; 83.89-100.00%) and 100% accuracy (95% CI; 97.47% to 100.00%) while comparing with gold standard mecA gene PCR. Among the nasal carriers; males (60%) ware dominant on females (40%). 31-50 years age group was strongly associated with MRSA nasal carriage. None of the isolates were resistant against lenozolid, teicoplanin and vancomycin while ampicillin (75%), ciprofloxacin (62.5%), clindamycin (59.38%) and cotrimoxazole (53.13%) showed increased resistance against S. aureus nasal carriage.Conclusions: Resistance among HIV positive persons for all antibiotics showed statistically significant while compared to control group. Cefoxitin disc diffusion can be used as surrogate agent for mecA gene detection.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Staphylococcus Aureus with Special Reference to Methicilin Resistance- A Preliminary Report

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (138) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Chitra Pai ◽  
S Kiran
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

One hundred strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from various clinical sampleswere screened for methicillin resistance by the disc diffusion technique. Antibioticsusceptibility pattern of Methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and Methicillin resistantS. aureus (MRSA) against a number of antibiotics like penicillin, ampicillin,gentamicin, erythromycin, tetracycline, Coamoxyclav cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin,cefalothin and vancomycin are compared. 20% of the strains were found to be MRSAwhile 80% were MSSA. The isolation rate of MRSA from indoor (hospital acquired)and outdoor (community acquired) was 18% and 2% respectively. Drug resistance ofMRSA was highest with penicillin (100%), followed by erythromycin (80%), ampicillinand gentamicin (65%), tetracycline (60%), cotrimoxazole (55%), cefalothin (20%),Coamoxyclav (15%) and least against ciprofloxacin (5%) and vancomycin (0%). TheMSSA were sensitive to vancomycin (100%), ciprofloxacin (100%), Coamoxyclav(96.25%), and cephalothin (82.5%) while sensitivity to tetracycline (78.75%),gentamicin (75%), erythromycin (40%), ampicillin (38.75%), cotrimoxazole (37.55)and penicillin (21.25%) was much lesser. This study emphasizes the need for constantmonitoring on the prevalence of MRSA and its microbial susceptibility pattern as thedata would help clinicians in the effective management of nosocomial infections causedby S.aureus.Key Words: Staphylococcus Aureus, Methicillin, Sensitive, Resistant, Nosocomial Infection.

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