Determination of Bismuth in Body Tissues and Fluids After Administration of Controlled Doses

1972 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-642
Author(s):  
Robert J Hall ◽  
Theodore Farber
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Soluble Compound ◽  
Bismuth Salts

Abstract Controlled amounts of water-soluble and water-insoluble bismuth salts were administered to dogs. Body tissues and fluids were examined for resultant bismuth residues by an acid digestion-atomic absorption procedure. The method was shown to recover bismuth added to body tissues and fluids; the acid digestion released the bismuth residues almost completely. the highest levels of bismuth were found in the kidneys: about 10 ppm bismuth resulted from the administration of the waterinsoluble compound, bismuth subcarbonale, and about 60 ppm from the soluble compound, bismuth ammonium citrate . The levels of bismuth found in the urine were higher than those found in the other body tissues and the blood serum, but were still relatively low. No pathological manifestations were observed after short-term exposure to bismuth.

Spectrophotometric investigation of sensitive complexing agents for the determination of zinc in serum.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1310-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Homsher ◽  
B Zak
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry

Abstract Of two sensitive complexometric reagents for the colorimetry of serum zinc that we investigated, one, 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (Br-PADAP), was found to be a potentially useful compound for trace-metal determinations. It has a high molar absorptivity (120 000 L mol-1 cm-1) but is not convenient to use because it is not very soluble in water. The other reagent, a related pyridylazo compound, is 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-(N-n-propyl-N-3-sulfopropylamino)phenol (5-BR-PAPS). It seems better suited for use in routine zinc determinations because, besides being water soluble, it has a higher molar absorptivity, 130 000 L mol-1 cm-1. Results by the proposed method developed with 5-Br-PAPS correlated well with those by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The between-run CV for control sera was less than 5%; the within-run CV (same controls) was less than 4%.

Metabolism of Uranium in the Rat after Inhalation of Two Industrial Forms of Ore Concentrate: The Implications for Occupational Exposure

1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.N. Stradling ◽  
J.W. Stather ◽  
S.A. Gray ◽  
J.C. Moody ◽  
M. Ellender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Toxicity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Bearing Material ◽  
Ammonium Diuranate ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Class D ◽  
The One ◽  
Sampling Procedures

Aerosols produced from two commercially available ore concentrates in which the uranium was present essentially in the one as ammonium diuranate (ADU) and in the other as uranium octoxide (U3O8) were administered to rats. The results show that: 1 uranium in the ADU bearing material was cleared rapidly from the lungs, mainly to the blood, such that the retention kinetics were similar to those for a class D (highly transportable) compound as defined by ICRP; 2 uranium in the U 3O8 bearing material was removed from the lungs principally by mechanical processes, the retention kinetics in this case being similar to those defined for a class Y (poorly transportable) compound; 3 for both materials the distribution of uranium amongst body tissues and the fraction of the systemic content excreted in urine were similar to those obtained after the injection of soluble hexavalent compounds; 4 for workers potentially exposed to both these materials, urine monitoring and lung radioactivity counting measurements should be used in addition to air sampling procedures for assessing the intake of uranium. 5 intakes of the ADU bearing material should be restricted to those permitted for short-term exposures on the basis of chemical toxicity, whereas those for the U3O 8 bearing material should be governed by radiation dose.

Comparison of Sample Preparation Methods for Phosphorus in Grains and Stock Feeds

1968 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-773
Author(s):  
Aaron E Rash
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Molybdate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Commercial Feeds ◽  
Sample Preparation Methods ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract The nitric-perchloric acid digestion, 22.070(b) and 22.073, for the determination of phosphorus in grains and stock feeds was compared with three other methods of sample preparation (destruction of organic material) : quinoline molybdate precipitation, perchloric-sulfuric-sodium molybdate digestion, and the plant method. The values obtained by the nitric-perchloric acid method were not in good agreement with those obtained by the other methods studied. Six samples of commercial feeds and one barley sample were analyzed. The barley sample gave very poor recoveries by method 22.073.

scholarly journals Clinical implications of glucocorticoid receptor studies in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Blood ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1036-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Mastrangelo ◽  
R Malandrino ◽  
R Riccardi ◽  
P Longo ◽  
FO Ranelletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptors ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Short Term

Abstract We have performed in parallel, in 19 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, a quantitative determination of glucocorticoid levels, in vitro steroid induced inhibition of nucleic acid precursors, and a short-term clinical trial of corticosteroids alone, before the treatment was given, which included corticosteroids and other drugs. From our results it appears that high glucocorticoid receptor levels in acute lymphoblastic leukemia of children do not guarantee a clinical response to corticosteroids. On the other hand, glucocorticoid receptors may turn out to be of value in predicting a poor response to corticosteroids only if their levels are considerably low.

Modifying infants’ sensitivity to audiovisual temporal mismatch

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Ferran Pons ◽  
Maria Teixidó ◽  
Joel García-Morera ◽  
Jordi Navarra
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Bouncing Ball ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Ball Bouncing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Av Synchrony ◽  
Paired Preference

Studies in adults reveal that a short-term exposure to asynchronous audiovisual signals induces temporal realignment between these signals (Di Luca et al., 2009; Fujisaki et al., 2004; Navarra et al., 2009; Vroomen et al., 2004). In contrast with this evidence in adults, Lewkowicz (2010) observed that infants increased their sensitivity to AV asynchrony after exposure to asynchronous AV speech. We investigated whether brief experience with an asynchronous AV event would increase infants’ ability to discriminate AV synchrony from asynchrony in non-speech stimuli or else induce temporal realignment as observed in adults. Twenty-four 6-month-old infants were tested in two phases (Test 1 and 2) using an intersensory paired-preference procedure, with simple stimuli (two balls bouncing against the floor — one ball bouncing in synchrony while the other one in asynchrony with respect to the bouncing sound). Between Test 1 and 2, infants were exposed to AV asynchrony (a presentation of an audiovisually asynchronous bouncing ball). The results revealed that infants detected the difference between AV synchrony and asynchrony only after being exposed to an asynchronous AV event. Our findings support the idea that experience with AV asynchrony has different consequences for adults and infants: while temporal AV recalibration is observed in adults, an increase of the sensitivity to AV asynchrony is observed in infants.

The Determination of Sex and Polymorphism in Microevolution

1964 ◽  
Vol 96 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 418-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stehr
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Quantitative Character ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Balance System ◽  
Wing Colour ◽  
Adult Wing

AbstractEnvironmental instabilities may be grouped into three broad categories each with different conseqences for the organism which has to survive the stress of these instabilities. On one side are irreversible changes of the environment which will lead to complete adaptive compliance or conformity of the population, brought about by natural selection. On the other side are short-term recurrent instabilities, fluctuations, or oscillations; if their cycle is short enough so that all phases are experienced by all individuals of each generation, natural selection will promote the ability of each individual to withstand the whole range of environmental recurrent fluctuations. Between these extremes are recurrent instabilities that are not experienced by all individuals, or by each generation; here natural selection will evolve mechanisms that prevent the population from conforming with any temporary selection pressure. Polymorphism is such a mechanism, specifically polymorphism based on a gene potency balance system modelled on the same principles as the system that determines sex, the most common example of polymorphism. Instances of such polymorphism in a genus of tortricid moths include haemolymph pigment, adult wing colour, and rate of larval development. The latter exemplifies polymorphism of a quantitative character.

scholarly journals Determination of kinetic bioconcentration in mussels after short term exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Heliyon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e00231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ledicia Rey-Salgueiro ◽  
Elena Martínez-Carballo ◽  
Antonio Cid ◽  
Jesús Simal-Gándara
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Clinical implications of glucocorticoid receptor studies in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Blood ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1036-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Mastrangelo ◽  
R Malandrino ◽  
R Riccardi ◽  
P Longo ◽  
FO Ranelletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptors ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Short Term

We have performed in parallel, in 19 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, a quantitative determination of glucocorticoid levels, in vitro steroid induced inhibition of nucleic acid precursors, and a short-term clinical trial of corticosteroids alone, before the treatment was given, which included corticosteroids and other drugs. From our results it appears that high glucocorticoid receptor levels in acute lymphoblastic leukemia of children do not guarantee a clinical response to corticosteroids. On the other hand, glucocorticoid receptors may turn out to be of value in predicting a poor response to corticosteroids only if their levels are considerably low.

BIOAVAILABILITY OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS FROM WATER, SEDIMENTS, AND DETRITUS TO THE MARINE ANNELID, NEANTHES ARENACEODENTATA

1977 ◽  
Vol 1977 (1) ◽  
pp. 621-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven S. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Magnification Factor ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Sediment Particles ◽  
Marine Worms

ABSTRACT Uptake, retention, metabolism, and depuration of diaromatic hydrocarbons by the polychaete, Neanthes arenaceodentata, were examined in experiments utilizing seawater solutions and sediments contaminated with either No. 2 fuel oil water-soluble fractions or radio-labelled naphthalenes. Polychaetes rapidly accumulate 14C-naphthalene (magnification factor = 40X) from solution during short-term exposure (24 hr). Worms slowly released hydrocarbons accumulated during acute exposure down to undetectable levels (<0.05 ppm) within 300 hours after return to clean seawater. 14C-naphthalene accumulated from solution was metabolized by polychaetes, and associated microflora apparently play no role in uptake, release, or metabolism. Analyses of worms held for 28 days in clay-silt sediments artificially contaminated with No. 2 fuel oil (9 μg total naphthalenes/g wet sediment) indicate that naphthalenes were not accumulated by worms at tissue concentrations above 0.1 ppm. Polychaetes likewise failed to accumulate 14C-methylnaphthalene from ingestion of contaminated detritus (10-15 μg 14C-methylnaphthalene/g dry detritus) for 16 consecutive days. These data suggest that petroleum hydrocarbons bound to sediment particles or particulate organic matter are less available to marine worms than those in solution.

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