New Brine Saturation Method for Extraction of Light Filth from Corn Meal: Collaborative Study

1981 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-193
Author(s):  
Clarence C Freeman ◽  
◽  
J Nagy ◽  
P Schafer ◽  
W A Senff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Saturation Method

Abstract An improved method has been developed for extracting light filth from corn meal. The proposed method uses only tap water, salt, olive oil, and alcohol, eliminating the need for costly and toxic solvents for the separation. Reports from 8 collaborators showed that recovery was 95.8% for insect fragments and 84.3% for rodent hairs by the proposed method, as compared with 90.6 and 88.6%, respectively, by the official method. The proposed method has been adopted as official first action to replace official method 44.042 for corn meal only.

Collaborative Study of the Extraction of Light Filth from Canned Whole and Cream Style Corn

1973 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 634-636
Author(s):  
Russell G Dent
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Paraffin Oil ◽  
Macroscopic Examination

Abstract An improved method has been developed for canned whole and cream style corn to replace 40.104. The proposed method is unique because the microscopic and macroscopic examinations can be conducted almost concurrently; in the official method the macroscopic examination is dependent upon completion of the microscopic examination. The proposed method is shorter and it eliminates the use of viscous castor oil by specifying extraction in a percolator with paraffin oil from hot 40% isopropanol. Glassware is easily cleaned up after percolator cycles with isopropanol and water rinses. The proposed method yielded improved recoveries of insect and rodent filth spike elements. The method has been adopted as official first action.

Colorimetric Determination of Alkaline Phosphatase as Indicator of Mammalian Feces in Corn Meal: Collaborative Study

1986 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-498
Author(s):  
Harriet Gerber ◽  
◽  
B Beavin ◽  
S Brown ◽  
J Bryce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility

Abstract In the official method for rodent filth in corn meal, filth and corn meal are separated in organic solvents, and particles are identified by the presence of hair and a mucous coating. The solvents are toxic, poor separation yields low recoveries, and fecal characteristics are rarely present on all fragments, especially on small particles. The official AOAC alkaline phosphatase test for mammalian feces, 44.181-44.184, has therefore been adapted to determine the presence of mammalian feces in corn meal. The enzyme cleaves phosphate radicals from a test indicator/substrate, phenolphthalein diphosphate. As free phenolphthalein accumulates, a pink-to-red color develops in the gelled test agar medium. In a collaborative study conducted to compare the proposed method with the official method for corn meal, 44.049, the proposed method yielded 45.5% higher recoveries than the official method. Repeatability and reproducibility for the official method were roughly .1.8 times more variable than for the proposed method. The method has been adopted official first action.

Brine Saturation Technique for Extraction of Light Filth from Rubbed, Ground, and Whole Sage: Collaborative Study

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 894-896
Author(s):  
Clarence C Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Satisfactory Recovery

Abstract A new approach to the isolation of light filth from the 3 commercial forms of sage was studied collaboratively. It incorporates a simple isopropanol defatting, followed by saturation of the product with brine by alternately heating and cooling, and subsequent trapping of filth from tap water with olive oil. This method circumvents the use of hazardous, expensive solvents and more time-consuming pretreatment procedures. Overall recoveries were 92.1% for rodent hair and 78.7% for insect fragments on clean, easy-to-read papers. An additional blending step was necessary to obtain satisfactory recovery of rodent hair fragments from whole sage. The method has been adopted official first action for light filth in rubbed and ground sage only.

Extraction of Light Filth from Whole Wheat Flour, Flotation Method: Collaborative Study

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1150-1152
Author(s):  
Larry E Glaze ◽  
John R Bryce
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Test Portion ◽  
Whole Wheat Flour ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Flotation Method

Abstract An additional extraction/flotation method for the determination of light filth in whole wheat flour was validated through a collaborative study. A 50 g test portion is boiled in a 3% HCI solution. The mixture is washed with hot tap water on a No. 230 sieve. Then the residue is boiled in iso-propanol, transferred to a No. 230 sieve, and washed again. The residue is transferred to a Wildman trap flask using 40% isopropanol. The filth is isolated by flotation in mineral oil and a mixture of Tween 80 and Na4EDTA in 40% isopropanol. Average recoveries by 8 collaborators were 88.8 and 91.7% for insect fragments and rat hairs, respectively. The extraction/flotation method for determination of light filth in whole wheat flour has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL as an additional procedure to the AOAC Official Method 941.16, Filth in Grain Products.

New Brine Saturation Technique for the Extraction of Light Filth from Rubbed Sage, Paprika, and Corn Meal: Intralaboratory Study

1979 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-603
Author(s):  
Clarence C Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Treatment Procedures

Abstract A new and widely applicable technique for the isolation of light filth from foods has been developed. It includes a simple alcohol defatting followed by a brine saturation of the product by heating and cooling and a subsequent trapping of the filth elements with olive oil and tap water. The methods circumvent the use of hazardous and expensive solvents and lengthy defatting and/or pre-treatment procedures. In an intralaboratory study, recoveries of elytral squares and rodent hair fragments added to paprika, rubbed sage, and corn meal ranged from 95.8 to 100%.

Determination of Internal Insect Infestation of Wheat: Collaborative Study

1981 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1408-1410
Author(s):  
Richard L Trauba
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Insect Infestation ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Adult Insect ◽  
Light Mineral ◽  
Wheat Kernels ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract An improved method has been developed for determining internal insect infestation of wheat kernels. The method involves acid hydrolysis of cracked wheat, wet sieving to remove the acid, transferring to a 2 L Wildman trap flask, deaeration by boiling, and treatment with Tween 80-Na4EDTA. Insects are extracted with light mineral oil. Reports from 6 collaborators showed that recovery was 95.92% for adult insect heads and 97.22% for larvae by the proposed method as compared with 87.05% and 6.12%, respectively, by the official method. The method has been adopted official first action.

Collaborative Study of an Improved Method for the Isolation of Filth from Starches

1972 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
John S Gecan ◽  
Paris M Brickey
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Wet Sieving

Abstract The official AOAC method for filth in starches, 40.056, has been modified to obtain better recovery of extraneous materials. In lieu of wet sieving on a No. 140 sieve, the modified method utilizes No. 230 wet sieving followed by an acid hydrolysis, if excessive starch material remains on the sieve. A limited collaborative study comparing the improved method with the official method resulted in higher recoveries of rodent hairs and equivalent recoveries of other spike elements by the improved method. The improved method is recommended for adoption as official first action to replace 40.056.

Collaborative Study of the Quantitative Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Fusel Oil and Other Components in Whisky

1972 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-556
Author(s):  
J H Kahn ◽  
E T Blessinger
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Fusel Oil ◽  
Fusel Alcohols ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract Fifteen chemists participated in a collaborative study for the quantitative pas-liquid chromatographic determination of the individual fusel alcohols and ethyl acetate in whisky. Two levels of congeners represented by 4 coded samples of whisky were analyzed by using t h e proposed method, employing a glycerol-1,2,6-hexanetriol column, and the official AOAC method, 9.063-9.065. Since isobutyl and the atnyl alcohols comprise by far the greatest part of fusel oil, their determination is of major importance to the total fusel oil content . Statistical analyses show that the proposed method is superior to the AOAC method for the determination of these alcohols, whereas the official method is superior for the determination of ethyl acetate and n-propyl alcohol. In general, collaborators employing modern instrumentation preferred the proposed method over the AOAC method. The former method also separates and permits the quantitative measurement of active amyl and isoamyl alcohols. The proposed method has been adopted as official first action as an alternative to 9.063–9.065 for the determination of higher alcohols and ethyl acetate in whisky.

scholarly journals Determination of Fish Flesh Content in Frozen Coated Fish Products (Modification of AOAC Official Method 971.13): Collaborative Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 1235-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane E Fox Dobson ◽  
Foster D McClure ◽  
Alvin P Rainosek ◽  
K Dashiell ◽  
J Fox Dobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Fish Flesh ◽  
Aoac Official ◽  
Fully Cooked ◽  
Aoac Official Method

Abstract An intralaboratory1collaborative study evaluated a modified version of AOAC Official Method 971.13 for determining the fish flesh content (FFC) in frozen coated fish products by comparing it with the on-line method. Eleven collaborators analyzed 36 products (a total of 6336 test samples). Each product targeted one of 4 percent fish flesh (PFF) levels (35,50,65, and 80). Products were manufactured from one of 3 raw materials (fillet blocks, minced blocks, and natural fillets) and processed in one of 4 forms (sticks, portions, formed portions, and fillets) and one of 4 styles (raw breaded, batter-dipped, precooked, and fully cooked). Each “official” test sample was tracked through the processing system and weighed (1) before battering and/or breading and, depending on product style, before frying; and (2) after battering and/or breading and, depending on product style, after frying; so that it served as its own control.

Collaborative Study of a Rapid Method for Extraction of Light Filth from Corn Meal, Rye, Pumpernickel, and Buckwheat Flour

1971 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 903-905
Author(s):  
Mary T Miller
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Method ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Soxhlet Extractor ◽  
Water Washing ◽  
Yellow Corn ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Buckwheat Flour

Abstract A rapid method based on product defatting in a Soxhlet extractor, hydrolysis in acid-alcohol, water washing, and, finally, separation of light filth in mineral oil has been developed for the separation of light filth from white and yellow corn meal, cracked wheat, rye, pumpernickel, and buckwheat flour. Collaborative results are satisfactory for all products tested; the method has been adopted as official first action.

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