Co-opetition in COVID-19 era among organizations

People and organizations should work together for the greater good. This article seeks to identify the categories of co-opetition in post-Corona organizations compared to before. For this purpose, it is used a qualitative approach. The saturation method was used to determine the number of participants and the independent coders’ method was used to confirm the trustworthiness of the research. The results of this study have identified 4 categories in the field of co-opetition in organizations after COVID-19. These categories are more isolation because of lockdown, improving the relations between organizations and citizens, increasing co-opetition of organizations, and virtualization of most works.

A Corpus-Based Study of the Linguistic Errors Committed by the Iranian EFL Learners in English Translation of MA Research Abstracts of Educational Management Based on Liao’s (2010) Model

Given the importance and the precision required in the translation of research abstracts, this descriptive quantitative research made an attempt to investigate the analysis of the type and frequency of the linguistic errors occurring in the English translations of 40 academic MA research abstracts in the field of educational management. To this end, 40 academic MA thesis abstracts in the field of educational management from 2009 to 2019 were gathered from Shiraz Azad University through the saturation method. Then, the errors were categorized based on the classification of error types adapted from Liao’s model (2010). The results of the study revealed that based on Liao’s categorization (2010), the frequencies of possible linguistic errors by educational management include grammatical mistake or ungrammatical syntax of target language (F = 190), excessive literal translation, which leads to ambiguous translation (F = 30), awkward expression, including ambiguous meaning, mismatch, redundant words, and unnecessary repetition, (F = 29), incorrect character, improper punctuation marks, or inconsistency in term translation (F = 26), excessive free translation, which differentiates the translation from the original text (F = 6), and inappropriate register (F = 6).

Isavuconazole: Thermodynamic Evaluation of Processes Sublimation, Dissolution and Partition in Pharmaceutically Relevant Media

A temperature dependence of saturated vapor pressure of isavuconazole (IVZ), an antimycotic drug, was found by using the method of inert gas-carrier transfer and the thermodynamic functions of sublimation were calculated at a temperature of 298.15 K. The value of the compound standard molar enthalpy of sublimation was found to be 138.1 ± 0.5 kJ·mol−1. The IVZ thermophysical properties—melting point and enthalpy—equaled 302.7 K and 29.9 kJ mol−1, respectively. The isothermal saturation method was used to determine the drug solubility in seven pharmaceutically relevant solvents within the temperature range from 293.15 to 313.15 K. The IVZ solubility in the studied solvents increased in the following order: buffer pH 7.4, buffer pH 2.0, buffer pH 1.2, hexane, 1-octanol, 1-propanol, ethanol. Depending on the solvent chemical nature, the compound solubility varied from 6.7 × 10−6 to 0.3 mol·L−1. The Hansen s approach was used for evaluating and analyzing the solubility data of drug. The results show that this model well-described intermolecular interactions in the solutions studied. It was established that in comparison with the van’t Hoff model, the modified Apelblat one ensured the best correlation with the experimental solubility data of the studied drug. The activity coefficients at infinite dilution and dissolution excess thermodynamic functions of IVZ were calculated in each of the solvents. Temperature dependences of the compound partition coefficients were obtained in a binary 1-octanol/buffer pH 7.4 system and the transfer thermodynamic functions were calculated. The drug distribution from the aqueous solution to the organic medium was found to be spontaneous and entropy-driven.

The Effect of Leadership, Motivation, and Discipline On Employee Performance in The Banglen Layer Farming Industry in The Province in Yogyakarta

This research is done to find out the effect of leadership, motivation and discipline on employees’ performance in Banglen layer chicken farm in Yogyakarta province. The research method uses quantitative method in which data is obtained by distributing to all of Banglen Farming Chicken employees in Yogyakarta province offline questionnaires. The sample in this research uses saturation method, so this research uses 52 of all Banglen Farming employees as the respondents. The benchmark that is used to evaluate this research on questionnaire uses Likert scale. The test that is used in this research data analysis uses SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) software. Based on the result of data analysis in this research, shows that leadership variable (X1) has significant value as 0.007 and T calculation of 2.826 on employees’ performance variable (Y), so be stated affects significant. Motivation variable (X2) has significant value of 0.008 and t calculation of 2.766 on the employees’ performance variable (Y) so be stated affects significant. Discipline variable (X3) has significant value as 0.068 and t calculation of 1.865 on the employees’ performance variable (Y).

Direct Measurements of Vapor Pressures of Chlorinated Paraffin Congeners from Technical Mixtures

<p>Chlorinated Paraffins (CPs) are a complex group of manmade chemicals detected widely in the environment. To predict their environmental fate and effects, it is important to understand their physical-chemical properties including vapor pressure. In this study, the first direct measurements of the vapor pressure for CP congener groups (C_10–16Cl_4–11) are presented. Vapor pressure was measured above three industrial CP mixtures with different congener distributions between 20 and 50°C using a gas saturation method. The measured saturated vapor pressure (<i>P</i>^*) decreased with increasing carbon chain length and Cl content. Δ<i>H</i>_vap ranged between 73 and 122 kJ mol^-1, consistent with data from the literature and model prediction. The experimental log <i>P</i>^* at 25°C agreed well with predictions from an empirical regression model in the literature (<i>R</i>² = 0.97; RSME = 0.25) and with those predicted from the COSMO-RS-trained fragment contribution model (<i>R</i>² = 0.95; RSME = 0.35). A new empirical model was calibrated with the <i>P</i>^* data for 35 congener groups measured in this study. Predicted log <i>P</i>^* values correlate well with field-measured gas/particle partition coefficients and may therefore be used for estimating the environmental fate and pathways of a broad range of CPs in the environment.</p> <p><b> </b></p>

Direct Measurements of Vapor Pressures of Chlorinated Paraffin Congeners from Technical Mixtures

<p>Chlorinated Paraffins (CPs) are a complex group of manmade chemicals detected widely in the environment. To predict their environmental fate and effects, it is important to understand their physical-chemical properties including vapor pressure. In this study, the first direct measurements of the vapor pressure for CP congener groups (C_10–16Cl_4–11) are presented. Vapor pressure was measured above three industrial CP mixtures with different congener distributions between 20 and 50°C using a gas saturation method. The measured saturated vapor pressure (<i>P</i>^*) decreased with increasing carbon chain length and Cl content. Δ<i>H</i>_vap ranged between 73 and 122 kJ mol^-1, consistent with data from the literature and model prediction. The experimental log <i>P</i>^* at 25°C agreed well with predictions from an empirical regression model in the literature (<i>R</i>² = 0.97; RSME = 0.25) and with those predicted from the COSMO-RS-trained fragment contribution model (<i>R</i>² = 0.95; RSME = 0.35). A new empirical model was calibrated with the <i>P</i>^* data for 35 congener groups measured in this study. Predicted log <i>P</i>^* values correlate well with field-measured gas/particle partition coefficients and may therefore be used for estimating the environmental fate and pathways of a broad range of CPs in the environment.</p> <p><b> </b></p>

Comparison of Three Accelerated Oxidation Tests Applied to Red Wines with Different Chemical Composition

Background: Three accelerated oxidation tests were proposed to simulate red wine oxidation thus providing information useful to correctly manage moderate oxygen exposure of wine during aging in regard to phenolic composition and wine color. Since the results of the tests have never been compared on wines with different initial composition, the aim of this study was to find a suitable method to simulate oxidation of any still red wine. Methods: Aglianico, Barbera, Gaglioppo, Magliocco, and Nerello wines were treated with (1) three cycles of air saturation, (2) the addition of hydrogen peroxide, and (3) the addition of acetaldehyde. Changes in chromatic characteristics and phenolic composition were determined by spectrophotometric and HPLC methods. Results: Important differences in the behavior of the different wines were detected: the highest formation of polymeric pigments was observed in Barbera and Aglianico wines. In contrast, Gaglioppo and Magliocco wines showed a lower variability before and after the oxidation probably due to the lower anthocyanin/tannin ratio. Among the accelerated oxidation tests applied, no significant differences in color parameters and phenolic composition were detected in samples treated with the addition of H2O2 and the air saturation method. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that H2O2 addition is a successful tool to predict the evolution of different phenolic compounds during the air saturation treatment of wines.

Biaya Keagenan, GCG, dan Kinerja Perusahaan Keluarga

This research according to agency theory, especially conflict between principal and agent in family firm. The purpose of this study was to examine empiricallly differences agency cost, GCG, and performance in family firm and not family firm. proxy chosen in describing the agency cost are operational expense ratio on revenue, performance of the firm is return on asset, and top 50 biggest market cap and mid cap of public listed companies in IICD for the GCG measurement. The population used in this study is company in 100 kompas index, during the period 2017-2019. The sample collected by saturation method and secondary data obtained from a IDX.co.id database. In this study, the data collected were 28 family firm and 43 non family firm. The statistically method are used Mann Whitney U and Chi Square with using IBM SPSS 23.0 for data processing. The first result of this research showed that there are differences in agency cost and Good Corporate Governance among family with non family firm. The second result are showed that there are not difference in Return On Asset among family with non family firm. Abstrak Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tentang teori keagenan, khususnya konflik antara pemilik dan agen di perusahaan keluarga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji secara empiris perbedaan antara biaya keagenan, GCG, dan kinerja antara perusahaan keluarga dan bukan perusahaan keluarga. Proksi yang dipilih untuk menggambarkan biaya keagenan adalah rasio beban operasi atas pendapatan, ukuran kinerja adalah laba bersih atas aset, dan perusahaan yang masuk dalam 50 perusahaan dengan market kapitatalisasi besar dan menengah untuk ukuran dari GCG. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang masuk dalam index kompas 100 selama periode 2017-2019. Sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan metode sampel jenuh dan data sekunder yang digunakan adalah berasal dari database idx.co.id. dalam penelitian ini, data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari 28 perusahaan keluarga dan 43 perusahaan non keluarga. Metode statistik yang digunakan adalah Mann Whitney U dan Chi Square dengan menggunakan SPSS IBM versi 23 untuk pengolahan datanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan biaya keagenan dan GCG antara perusahaan keluarga dan perusahaan non keluarga. Hasil penelitian berikutnya menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan kinerja ROA antara perusahaan keluarga dan non keluarga. Kata Kunci: Biaya Keagenan, GCG, ROA.

Thematic analysis on a model of implementation of open and technological banking in commercial banks in Iran

The purpose of this study was the thematic analysis on a model of implementation of open and technological banking in commercial banks in Iran. It is an applied study; in terms of method, qualitative; And in terms of research philosophy, it is a kind of interpretive research. To analyze the data from the semi-structured interviews, a thematic analysis was used. The population of this study included 20 knowledgeable people (experts in banking and university professors in the field of open banking, as well as appropriate texts for the extraction of indicators). In this investigation a snowball approach was used to select samples. As a standard for the end of sampling, the thematic saturation method is used. The topics were obtained using the two sources of theoretical literature and semi-structured interviews. The result of the qualitative data analysis led to the identification of 25 basic issues, 6 organizational issues and finally 4 contextual issues including productivity and digital governance in the shadow of knowledge, alliances with competing partners, customer experience management, digital strategic management of economic and customer management, and reform of banking processes, all presented in the form of a model. Finally, suggestions were made in this area based on the results.

Application of Implicit Pressure-Explicit Saturation Method to Predict Filtrated Mud Saturation Impact on the Hydrocarbon Reservoirs Formation Damage

Hydrocarbon reservoirs’ formation damage is one of the essential issues in petroleum industries that is caused by drilling and production operations and completion procedures. Ineffective implementation of drilling fluid during the drilling operations led to large volumes of filtrated mud penetrating into the reservoir formation. Therefore, pore throats and spaces would be filled, and hydrocarbon mobilization reduced due to the porosity and permeability reduction. In this paper, a developed model was proposed to predict the filtrated mud saturation impact on the formation damage. First, the physics of the fluids were examined, and the governing equations were defined by the combination of general mass transfer equations. The drilling mud penetration in the core on the one direction and the removal of oil from the core, in the other direction, requires the simultaneous dissolution of water and oil flow. As both fluids enter and exit from the same core, it is necessary to derive the equations of drilling mud and oil flow in a one-dimensional process. Finally, due to the complexity of mass balance and fluid flow equations in porous media, the implicit pressure-explicit saturation method was used to solve the equations simultaneously. Four crucial parameters of oil viscosity, water saturation, permeability, and porosity were sensitivity-analyzed in this model to predict the filtrated mud saturation. According to the results of the sensitivity analysis for the crucial parameters, at a lower porosity (porosity = 0.2), permeability (permeability = 2 mD), and water saturation (saturation = 0.1), the filtrated mud saturation had decreased. This resulted in the lower capillary forces, which were induced to penetrate the drilling fluid to the formation. Therefore, formation damage reduced at lower porosity, permeability and water saturation. Furthermore, at higher oil viscosities, due to the increased mobilization of oil through the porous media, filtrated mud saturation penetration through the core length would be increased slightly. Consequently, at the oil viscosity of 3 cP, the decrease rate of filtrated mud saturation is slower than other oil viscosities which indicated increased invasion of filtrated mud into the formation.