Indicator Made from Countryside Flower Petals

Present research introduces on the natural indicator (Acid-Base). For this samples were collected from countryside flower petals. These are pink Madhabilata flower, violet Dahlia flower, yellowish red Miralibis Jalapa, light pink Nerium Oleander. With the help of pH meter colour changes were observed using Soxhlet extractor. Cold extract of the flower petals are prepared. For this study we use UV/Visible Spectrophotometer to determine the maximum wave length. The decreasing order of intercept from the above spectroscopic plots that pink Madhabilata> violet Dahlia>redish yellow Miralibis Jalapa> light pink Nerium Oleander. Natural indicators show prominent colour changes in acidic and basic solutions. So, it is easily replaceable to the synthetic indicator which is toxic in nature. These natural indicators are easily available, cheap, environment friendly and also nature friendly.

OrganoSoxhlet: circular fractionation to produce pulp for textiles using CO2 as acid source

Organosolv pulping performed in a high-pressure Soxhlet extractor using carbon dioxide as a mild and recyclable acid is described. The system reached a liquid to wood ratio of 6.6 yielding...

Study of the leaching alterability in Soxhlet Extractor of ceramic materials with incorporation of ashes resulting from the incineration of urban solid waste

Population expansion, especially in metropolitan areas, has led to an increase in the production of urban solid waste (USW) by domestic and commercial activity in urban centres. Reducing the production of these wastes is an extremely difficult task. However, the reduction processes, themselves, have the potential to produce a number of useful residues. This study focuses on the residues of incinerated USW, which produces ashes of varying compositions. This study investigates a mixture of two ashes, one resulting from the incineration of USW from LIPOR II (Intermunicipal Waste Management Service of Porto Region) and another from ValorSul (Valorisation and Treatment of Solid Waste of Lisbon and West Regions), both processed by EcoInCer (Ecological Innovations Ceramics company). Ashes from several samples of USW incorporating clays were tested to identify physical and mechanical characterisations, with a view to identifying useful ecological ceramic materials which could be used by the ceramics industry. Ceramic samples with 0%, 10% and 20% of ashes were incorporated in a clay matrix composed of 5% kaolin and 95% red clay, and submitted to leaching alterability in Soxhlet Extractor. The obtained results demonstrate the ways in which the ash percentage and the firing temperature can be important in the alterability of a ceramic material. Keywords: Ceramic materials, Leaching, Urban solid waste

Rational Technological Parameters of the Soxhlet Extractor in the Production of Alcoholic Extracts from Cranberries

Introduction. Vegetable raw materials have always been and still remain the main raw material for obtaining extracts. The extraction process is the most important stage during the production of extracts and aromatic spirits. The research objective was to study the extraction process of the target substances from fruit and berry raw materials for the production of alcoholic extracts. Study objects and methods. The study featured cranberries, which are widespread in Siberia and have many useful properties. Cranberries are rich in vitamins C, B1, B2, B5, B6, PP and rarer vitamin K1. The studies were conducted using a Soxhlet extractor. The experimental results were processed using the method of multiple regression analysis. The research also exploited generally accepted methods for assessing the quality of samples of alcoholic beverages. Results and discussion. The experiments made it possible to define the optimal technological regime parameters for the production of aromatic cranberry extract. The maximum values of all three processing parameters exerted the greatest effect on the dry matter content in cranberry extract. The recommended conditions resulted in a cranberry extract with a high content of target components. The presented mathematical description of the extraction process in the Soxhlet extractor makes it possible to preliminarily determine the quality indicators of the resulting beverage at the onset of production. Control experiments conducted under these conditions confirmed the calculated values. Conclusion. By using a Soxhlet extractor, the preparation time for alcoholic cranberry extract was reduced to 20 minutes, which differs by one order of magnitude from the classical infusion production method. The Soxhlet extractor made it possible to use less solvent and raw materials, due to the almost maximum completeness of extraction of the target components of fruit and berry raw materials. This fact is bound to decrease the production expenses and the cost of the final product.

The use of Soxhlet extractor for the production of tinctures from plant raw materials

The most important stage in the production of tinctures and aromatic alcohols is the extraction process. The paper aims to study the process of extracting target compounds from fruit and berry raw materials for the production of alcoholic tinctures. The research was carried out using a Soxhlet extractor. The experimental results were processed using the method of multiple regression analysis. As a result of processing the experimental data, the optimal technological regime parameters for the production of aromatic cranberry alcoholic tincture were selected. The cranberry tinctures produced at these parameters have a high content of target substances and reach maximum scores for taste, aroma and color. The obtained regression equations allow predetermining the quality of the resulting drink with a confidentiality of more than 90%. The use of the Soxhlet extractor allowed reducing the duration of the preparation of the cranberry tincture to 15 minutes, which is by times different from the classic method of tincture production. The use of the Soxhlet extractor allows reducing the consumed amount of solvent and raw materials, due to the almost maximum rate of the extraction. All this, in turn, affects the cost of the final product and the costs of the manufacturer.