Spectrophotometric Determination of Phosphorus in Certifiable Straight Color Additives: Collaborative Study

1981 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 808-813
Author(s):  
Wallace S Brammell ◽  
◽  
C Arozarena ◽  
J Hunter ◽  
H G Kiernan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Phosphorus Content ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Molybdovanadophosphoric Acid ◽  
Acid Reagent

Abstract A simple and rapid spectrophotometric method was developed for determining the total phosphorus content of certifiable straight color additives. The dye sample is mixed with a cellulose powder and MgO mixture, and ashed at 500°C in a small Pyrex beaker in a muffle furnace. The ash is dissolved in vanadomolybdic acid reagent and filtered through glass wool, and the absorbance of the resulting yellow molybdovanadophosphoric acid solution is measured at 400 nm. The total phosphorus content of the sample, expressed as percent Na3PO4, is determined from a standard curve. Recovery of phosphorus added as KH2PO4 to 39 different dyes in amounts equivalent to 0.300% Na3PO4 ranged from 95.3 to 106.8%, averaging 100.6%. In the collaborative study, 7 laboratories successfully performed duplicate analyses of 6 different dyes (D&C Orange No. 5, D&C Yellow No. 8, FD&C Blue No. 2, FD&C Red No. 3, FD&C Red No. 40, and FD&C Green No. 3). The mean values found ranged from 0.325 to 6.86% Na3PO4. In general, the accuracy and reproducibility of the method were satisfactory, with single determination coefficients of variation ranging from 3.76 to 9.60%. The method was adopted official first action.

X-Ray Spectroscopy in the Clinical Laboratory

1961 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Natelson ◽  
Bertrum Sheid
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wet Ashing

Abstract X-ray spectroscopy was applied to the determination of the total phosphorus content of serum and the iron content of whole blood (hemoglobin). Samples were placed on confined spots on paper, dried, then passed through the X-ray field. Concentration was then determined from the peaks as drawn on a recorder. A device is described that permits automatic assay of successive samples dried on paper without delays between readings. Samples are placed in the field and rapidly withdrawn at 30-sec. intervals, the response of the recorder serving as a measure of concentration. Results for total phosphorus in serum and total iron in whole blood were compared with those obtained by a wet ashing procedure. No significant difference with respect to both mean values and precision was observed except that total iron by the wet ashing procedure was more precise. However, the X-ray technic was adequate for clinical purposes. Hemoglobin levels calculated from whole-blood iron values demonstrated that bilirubin, red cell debris, leukocytes, and lipids interfered in the colorimetric but not in the X-ray procedure. A hemoglobinometer based on the X-ray spectroscopic technic may, therefore, yield results of greater clinical significance.

scholarly journals Agro-Environmental Benefit and Risk of Manure- and Bone Meal-Derived Pyrogenic Carbonaceous Materials as Soil Amendments: Availability of PAHs, PTEs, and P

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Frišták ◽  
Martin Pipíška ◽  
Gerhard Soja ◽  
Alena Klokočíková Packová ◽  
Michal Hubeňák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Carbonaceous Materials ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Total Phosphorus Content ◽  
Us Epa

The worldwide boom of biochar and pyrogenic carbonaceous material application as a potential soil additive has brought about not only agricultural benefits such as enhanced crop yield, nutrients supply (P), and soil organic carbon increase, but also, on the other hand, environmental risk of organic (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)) and potentially toxic element (PTE) penetration into arable soils. Therefore, our study assessed pyrogenic carbonaceous materials (PCM) produced from the P-rich feedstocks—chicken manure (CM) and bone meal (BM)—as promising and safe alternatives for inorganic P fertilizers. Pyrogenic materials produced in the process of slow pyrolysis at residence time 2 h, 400 and 500 °C, were characterized by determination of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), elemental analysis of total C, H, N, S scanning electron microscopy (SEM), total content of P, selected potentially toxic elements (PTEs), and available forms of PTEs and P by diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) and calcium-acetate-lactate (CAL) extractions. CMPCM4, CMPCM5, BMPCM4, and BMPCM5 were characterized by determination of total 16 US-EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) PAHs by toluene extraction protocol and available concentrations by Tenax resin approach. Additionally, CMPCM4, CMPCM4, BMPCM4, and BMPCM5 were tested in earthworm avoidance test with Eisenia foetita and short-term rye-seedling germination test. Obtained results showed decreasing of total carbon in the order of BM > BMPCM4 > BMPCM5 and increasing in the order of CM < CMPCM4 < CMPCM5. Total phosphorus content increased from 56.8 ± 1.7 g kg−1 (BM) to 85.2 ± 4.2 g kg−1 (BMPCM4) to 110.5 ± 7.0 g kg−1 (BMPCM5). In the case of chicken manure-derived pyrogenic materials, total phosphorus content increased in the order of CM (22.9 ± 2.0 g kg−1) < CMPCM4 (37.0 ± 4.5 g kg−1) < CMPCM5 (40.0 ± 3.4 g kg−1). Availability of selected PTEs and P decreased in pyrogenic materials compared to feedstock. Total concentration of ∑16-US-EPA PAHs in BMPCM4 and BMPCM5 was 3.92 mg kg−1; CMPCM4, 7.33 mg kg−1; and CMPCM, 6.69 mg kg−1. The Tenax-available ∑16-PAHs showed concentrations of 0.53 mg kg−1 for BMPCM4, 0.26 mg kg−1 for BMPCM5, 1.13 mg kg−1 for CMPCM4, and 0.35 mg kg−1 for CMPCM5. Total P concentrations determined in rye aboveground tissues showed the highest accumulation ability in the case of CMPCM5 compared to other samples. Pyrogenic carbonaceous materials produced from chicken manure and bone meal at 400 and 500 °C have the potential to be P slow release fertilizers and may be ecologically safe.

scholarly journals Determination of Total Phosphorus in Foods by Colorimetry: Summary of NMKL Collaborative Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1408-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Katrhna Pulliainen ◽  
Harriet C Wallin
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Molybdenum Blue ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Skimmed Milk Powder

Abstract A collaborative study was conducted to validate a spectrophotometric–colorimetric method for determining total phosphorus in foods. The sample was dry-ashed in the presence of zinc oxide, and total phosphorus content was measured colorimetrically as molybdenum blue. Twelve laboratories from the Nordic countries participated in the study. The test materials included potato flour, sausage, cold ham, infant formula powder, cheese, and skimmed milk powder. Participants received 12 randomly coded samples of 2 blind duplicates of each material. Phosphorus contents of materials varied between 0.076 and 0.96 g/100 g. Relative standard deviations for repeatability of the method varied from 1.1% for 0.96 g phosphorus/100 g to 5.4% for 0.29 g phosphorus/100 g. Relative standard deviations for reproducibility varied from 3.6% for 0.96 g phosphorus/100 g to 7.7% for 0.23 g phosphorus/100 g. The colorimetric method for determination of total phosphorus in foods has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL as an NMKUAOAC INTERNATIONAL method.

PHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF TOTAL PHOSPHORUS IN CERTAIN FOOD PRODUCTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6(75)) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
T.F. Rudometkina
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Photometric Determination ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Hydrazine Sulfate ◽  
Instant Coffee ◽  
Total Phosphorus Content

A method for determining the total phosphorus content in foods containing food additives of pyrophosphates and polyphosphates (E 450, E339, E452) is proposed. The reaction of formation of a reduced form of phosphormolybdenum heteropolyacid was used. As a reducing agent, a solution of hydrazine sulfate was used as a reagent that provides high sensitivity of determination . The objects of analysis were: chicken meat Roll "Snezana", processed Cheese "Cheeseburger", Instant coffee "Nescafe Gold Crema," containing food additives of pyrophosphates and polyphosphates (E 450,E339, E452). The correctness of the obtained results was confirmed by the method of additives.

High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Minor Saccharides in Corn Sugar: Collaborative Study

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1366-1369
Author(s):  
C Earl Engel ◽  
Philip M Olinger ◽  
Raffaele Bernetti ◽  
◽  
K M Brobst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Aoac Method

Abstract The official first action AOAC method for quantitative determination of saccharides in corn syrup by liquid chromatography was reinvestigated to expand its scope to products containing dextrose in excess of 98%. Because of the low levels of saccharides other than dextrose (DP1), separations are carried out only of the DP1, the disaccharides (DP2), and the tri- and higher saccharides (DP3+) on an Aminex Q15-S, calcium form, cation exchange column. Concentrations of solids in water solvent injected into the liquid chromatograph are higher than those in the AOAC method to increase precision of analysis of the minor saccharides. All carbohydrate components in solution are eluted from the column; therefore, loss of refractive index detector linearity with respect to dextrose is compensated by use of an external maltose (DP2) standard to correct for DP2 and DP3+ response and dextrose is calculated by difference from 100. With mean values of 0.520% DP2 and 0.244% DP3+, the reproducibility and repeatability coefficients of variation are 14.6 and 6.7% for DP2, and 19.3 and 11.9% for DP3+, respectively. Dextrose levels of 99.23% are reproducible within 0.161. The coefficients of variation of the DP2 component are lower by this method than by the AOAC method at levels up to 2% DP2. The method has been adopted official first action.

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