48 Genomic Studies of Feed Efficiency and Component Traits in American Mink

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 24-25
Author(s):  
Pourya Davoudi ◽  
Duy Ngoc Do ◽  
Guoyu Hu ◽  
Siavash Salek Ardestani ◽  
Younes Miar
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
American Mink ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Selection For

Abstract Feed costs are the largest expense in mink production systems. Therefore, improvement of feed efficiency (FE) is the best way to use limited resources efficiently and increase the mink industry’s sustainability. The objectives of this project are to 1) identify the genetic relationships among different FE measures and their component traits, and 2) discover the genetic architecture of FE and implement genomic selection for FE traits to increase the genetic gain in American mink. Final body weight (FBW), final body length (FBL), daily feed intake (DFI), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), residual feed intake (RFI), residual gain (RG), residual intake and gain (RIG) and Kleiber ratio (KR) traits were measured based on the phenotypic records on 1,088 American mink from the Canadian Center for Fur Animal Research (Nova Scotia, Canada). Univariate models were applied to test the significance of sex, color type, age, and nested Row(Year) as fixed effects and random maternal effect. Genetic parameters were estimated via bivariate models using ASReml-R 4. Estimated heritabilities (±SE) were 0.38±0.10, 0.36±0.10, 0.25±0.10, 0.34±0.09, 0.38±0.08, 0.37±0.07, 0.29±0.10, 0.32±0.10 and 0.34±0.10 for FBW, FBL, DFI, ADG, FCR, RFI, RG, RIG and KR, respectively. RFI showed non-significant (P >0.05) genetic correlations with component traits such as FBW (0.00±0.17) and FBL (0.30±0.16) but significant (P < 0.05) high genetic correlation with DFI (0.74±0.09), indicating that selection based on RFI will reduce the feed intake without any negative effects on the size and growth. The estimated genetic parameters for FE traits suggested the possibility to implement genetic/genomic selection to improve the FE in American mink. Consequently, the ongoing project on genetic mapping and genomic selection will enhance the knowledge of FE and improve the efficacy of selection for more feed-efficient mink.

scholarly journals PSVIII-38 Late-Breaking Abstract: Estimating genetic parameters of feed efficiency traits in American mink

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 347-347
Author(s):  
Pourya Davoudi ◽  
Duy Ngoc Do ◽  
Guoyu Hu ◽  
Siavash Salek Ardestani ◽  
Younes Miar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
American Mink ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Selection For

Abstract Feed cost is the major input cost in the mink industry and thus improvement of feed efficiency through selection for high feed efficient mink is necessary for the mink farmers. The objective of this study was to estimate the heritability, phenotypic and genetic correlations for different feed efficiency measures, including final body weight (FBW), daily feed intake (DFI), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and residual feed intake (RFI). For this purpose, 1,088 American mink from the Canadian Center for Fur Animal Research at Dalhousie Faculty of Agriculture were recorded for daily feed intake and body weight from August 1 to November 14 in 2018 and 2019. The univariate models were used to test the significance of sex, birth year and color as fixed effects, and dam as a random effect. Genetic parameters were estimated via bivariate models using ASReml-R version 4. Estimates of heritabilities (±SE) were 0.41±0.10, 0.37±0.11, 0.33±0.14, 0.24±0.09 and 0.22±0.09 for FBW, DFI, ADG, FCR and RFI, respectively. The genetic correlation (±SE) was moderate to high between FCR and RFI (0.68±0.15) and between FCR and ADG (-0.86±0.06). In addition, RFI had low non-significant (P > 0.05) genetic correlations with ADG (0.04 ± 0.26) and BW (0.16 ± 0.24) but significant (P < 0.05) high genetic correlation with DFI (0.74 ± 0.11) indicating that selection for lower RFI will reduce feed intake without adverse effects on the animal size and growth rate. The results suggested that RFI can be implemented in genetic/genomic selection programs to reduce feed intake in the mink production system.

scholarly journals PSV-18 The role of leptin in feed efficiency and behavior attributes of commercial beef heifers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 162-162
Author(s):  
Nayan Bhowmik ◽  
Kris A Ringwall ◽  
Carl R Dahlen ◽  
Kendall C Swanson ◽  
Jeffrey A Clapper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Frame Size ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Plasma Leptin

Abstract Leptin is a 16-kDa-peptide hormone product of the leptin gene (LEP) that is predominantly synthesized by adipose tissues and has known involvement in regulation of feed intake, energy expenditure, reproduction, and immune functions. The objective was to determine the association of leptin genotype (LEP c.73C >T), leptin diplotype (LEPD) and plasma leptin hormone (LEPH) concentration with growth, feed intake, feed efficiency, and behavior characteristics in developing beef heifers. A total of 336 commercial beef heifers were genotyped for the LEP c.73C >T marker. Four single nucleotide polymorphism markers including LEP c.73C >T, ARS-BFGL-NGS-59298 (intron 1), BovineHD0400026029 (upstream) and BovineHD0400026063 (downstream) of LEP were considered for haplotype analysis. Eleven LEPD were identified for this study using parsimony-based analyses. Circulating levels of LEPH were measured on 333 heifers prior to their first breeding season and used to assign low or high concentration group based on population median. Data were analyzed using the mixed procedure of SAS for repeated measures, fixed effects of ancestral breed group (n = 4), dam age category (n = 4), frame size group (n = 4), project cycle nested within birth year (n = 6), week of feed trial × year, LEP (n = 3) or LEPD (n = 11) or LEPH (n = 2), as well as week × LEPH (only for LEPH). There were no significant differences between LEP genotypes (P ≥ 0.11) or LEPD (P ≥ 0.33) for any of the studied traits. Heifers with low LEPH ate fewer meals per day (P = 0.02) and had more DMI per meal (P = 0.04) compared to those with high plasma leptin. Further research is needed to better understand plasma LEPH concentration and its role in feeding behavior attributes. However, circulatory LEPH before the breeding season may serve as a predictor for feeding behavior.

Composite trait selection to improve reproduction and ewe productivity: a review

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Snowder ◽  
N. M. Fogarty
Keyword(s):  
Individual Component ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Component Trait ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Growth Selection ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Genetic Responses ◽  
Lamb Growth

Reproduction and ewe productivity are complex composite traits that are influenced by several component traits. Genetic improvement by selection for an individual component trait may not always be advantageous because adverse or neutral genetic relationships can exist among the component traits. Selection for an overall composite trait of ewe productivity, defined as litter weight weaned per ewe joined, can result in a balanced biological composite trait with favourable responses in component traits including fertility, number of lambs born, lamb survival, lactation and lamb growth. Selection for litter weight weaned may also overcome adverse genetic relationships among reproductive component traits. This review examines the genetic responses of selecting directly for litter weight weaned, compared with selection responses for one or more of its component traits. It is concluded that selection to improve reproductive efficiency and ewe productivity, under most production and environmental systems, would benefit from selection for a composite trait such as litter weight weaned, rather than for a single component trait.

Genetic parameters and breed differences for feed efficiency, growth, and body composition traits of young beef bulls

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Schenkel ◽  
S. P. Miller ◽  
J. W. Wilton
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Beef Bulls

Genetic associations between feed efficiency, growth, and live ultrasound measured body composition traits were studied in purebred beef bulls of six breeds in Ontario bull test stations from 1991 to 2000. Feed traits included average daily feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and residual feed intake [feed intake adjusted for production alone (RFIp) or production and backfat thickness (RFIb)]. Growth traits were average daily weight gain (ADG), mid-test metabolic weight (MW), hip height (HH), and scrotal circumference (SC). Body composition traits included ultrasound backfat thickness (BF), longissimus muscle area (LMA), and predicted percentage of intramuscular fat (IFAT). Bulls were measured every 28 d for weight and individual feed intake, and at the end of test for ultrasound body composition traits. Number of records per trait ranged from 2284 (FI) to 13 319 (ADG). Fixed effects of test group, breed and end of test age (within breed), and random effects of animal and herd of origin were modeled using REML bivariate analyses for all traits. Heritability estimates were moderate for all traits (0.30 to 0.55), except for IFAT (0.14). The genetic correlation between RFIp and RFIb was high (0.99) within breeds, but breeds ranked differently with respect to RFIp and RFIb. Genetic correlations of RFIb with ADG and backfat thickness were essentially zero, which indicate that selection on residual feed intake could be implemented to reduce feed intake and improve feed conversion without compromising growth or changing levels of subcutaneous fat. Key words: Central test, genetic correlation, heritability, residual feed intake

Selection for feed efficiency traits and correlated genetic responses in feed intake and weight gain of Nellore cattle1

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Grion ◽  
M. E. Z. Mercadante ◽  
J. N. S. G. Cyrillo ◽  
S. F. M. Bonilha ◽  
E. Magnani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Genetic Responses

Genetic parameters for feed intake and efficiency in lactating beef cows

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Q. Fan ◽  
J. W. Wilton ◽  
P. E. Colucci
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Total Data

Genetic parameters of feed intake and efficiency and production traits for lactating beef cows were estimated from data collected from 1980 to 1988 at the Elora Beef Research Centre, Guelph, Ontario. Estimates were obtained using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) with an individual animal model with year–season–treatment, sex of calf, parity, breeding system, covariate daily change of backfat depth and direct genetic and permanent environmental effects. The data included 1174 observations, 511 cows, 369 dam–maternal grand dam pairs and 245 sires of cows. Feed efficiency for milk was calculated as milk yield relative to energy consumed for milk and maintenance and residual feed consumption as estimated energy intake minus energy requirements as estimated by the National Research Council. Heritabilities for Herefords alone and total data, respectively, were estimated to be 0.02 and 0.11 for cow's daily ME intake (MEI), 0.26 and 0.26 for daily milk yield (DMY), 0.45 and 0.33 for milk fat percentage (MFP), 0.29 and 0.40 for metabolic body weight (MBW), 0.21 and 0.10 for calf weaning weight as a proportion of cow weight at weaning (PPW), 0.18 and 0.11 for feed efficiency for milk (FE), and 0.23 and 0.03 for residual feed consumption (RFC). Genetic correlations of output (DMY) and input (MEI) were 0.31 for Hereford and 0.75 for the total data. Genetic correlations of RFC with both output (DMY) and input (MEI) were low. Genetically, PPW was positively associated with FE and DMY and negatively associated with MBW. Key words: Genetic parameters, feed efficiency, lactation, beef cow

scholarly journals Effect of selection for fasting tolerance on feed intake, growth and feed efficiency in the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax

Aquaculture ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 420-421 ◽  
pp. S42-S49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Daulé ◽  
Marc Vandeputte ◽  
Alain Vergnet ◽  
Bruno Guinand ◽  
Laure Grima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
European Sea Bass ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Fasting Tolerance
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