A Systematic Review on Airbag-Induced Burns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah P Erpenbeck ◽  
Eva Roy ◽  
Jenny A Ziembicki ◽  
Francesco M Egro
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Chemical Burns ◽  
Automobile Crashes ◽  
Chemical Mechanisms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ocular Burns

Abstract Airbags significantly reduce fatalities and injuries in automobile crashes, but they have been found to be associated with burns. Specifically, airbags can cause burns through thermal or chemical mechanisms and commonly affect the arms, hands, face, and eyes. While most airbag-induced burns are minor, some may cause unfavorable outcomes. Our study aimed to systematically review airbag-induced burns to assess etiology, type, and treatment of these injuries. A systematic review of case reports pertaining to airbag-induced cutaneous and ocular burns was conducted. Data reviewed included type/location of burns, severity of burn, total number of patients, treatment, complications, and outcome after treatment. We identified 21 case reports that met our inclusion criteria with a total of 24 patients reported in the studies. Of the studies identified, 38% were chemical burns and 25% were thermal burns. Most commonly the upper extremities were burned in 42% of cases, followed by eyes (25%) and face (21%). Most burns identified were superficial partial thickness (58%). Treatment outcomes were good for cutaneous burns, with 95% healing without complication. However, ocular injuries lead to permanent impaired eye function in 71% of cases. In our systematic review, we highlighted the common risk factors, prognosis, and treatment for thermal, chemical, and ocular burns. Airbag-induced burns have a relatively good prognosis but must be recognized and treated immediately to reduce the risk of serious sequelae.

scholarly journals Pharmacological management of seizures in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Priscilla Kolibea Mante ◽  
Nana Ofori Adomako ◽  
John-Paul Omuojine ◽  
Paulina Antwi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Drug Choice ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Clonic Seizures ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug Therapy

Background: Some patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been reported to exhibit neurological symptoms such as seizures and impaired consciousness. Our study reviews reported cases to assess the pharmacological approach to managing seizures in SARS-CoV-2 patients and associated outcomes. Methods: A systematic review of case reports on the incidence of seizures following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients that reported use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in management was performed by using the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis) guidelines. Databases used included EMBASE, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar. Data was presented as qualitative and descriptive data. Results: In total, 67 articles were selected for full-text assessment, of which 19 were included in the final review. Patients had a median age of 54 years, most of whom were male. Remdisivir, dexamethasone, Laminavir, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and Lopinavir-ritonavir were common agents used in the management of COVID-19. Most patients presented with either generalized tonic-clonic seizures or status epilepticus. Most patients received levetiracetam as drug choice or as part of their regimen. Other AEDs commonly prescribed included midazolam and sodium valproate. Some patients received no antiepileptic drug therapy. Most of the patients who died had more than one comorbidity. Also, most of the patients who died received COVID-19 treatment drugs. None of the patients who received midazolam as drug choice or as part of their regimen developed recurrent seizures in contrast to patients who received levetiracetam and sodium valproate as drug choice or as part of their regimen. Interestingly, none of the patients who received no AEDs suffered recurrent seizures or died. Conclusions: Standard guidelines for managing seizures in COVID-19 patients may be required. A limitation of this review is that it involved the use of case reports with no controls and a small number of patients.

scholarly journals Coronavirus infection in neonates: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
pp. fetalneonatal-2020-319837
Author(s):  
Daniele Trevisanuto ◽  
Francesco Cavallin ◽  
Maria Elena Cavicchiolo ◽  
Martina Borellini ◽  
Serena Calgaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spontaneous Breathing ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo summarise currently reported neonatal cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsA search strategy was designed to retrieve all articles published from 1 December 2019 to 12 May 2020, by combining the terms ‘coronavirus’ OR ‘covid’ OR ‘SARS-CoV-2’) AND (‘neonat*’ OR ‘newborn’) in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE/Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, MedRxiv, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Review and the WHO COVID-19 database, with no language restrictions. Quality of studies was evaluated by using a specific tool for assessment of case reports and/or case series.ResultsTwenty-six observational studies (18 case reports and 8 case series) with 44 newborns with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included in the final analysis. Studies were mainly from China and Italy. Half of neonates had a documented contact with the infected mother and one out of three infected neonates was admitted from home. Median age at diagnosis was 5 days. One out of four neonates was asymptomatic, and the remaining showed mild symptoms typical of acute respiratory infections and/or gastrointestinal symptoms. The majority of neonates were left in spontaneous breathing (room air) and had good prognosis after a median duration of hospitalisation of 10 days.ConclusionsMost neonates with SARS-CoV-2 infection were asymptomatic or presented mild symptoms, generally were left in spontaneous breathing and had a good prognosis after median 10 days of hospitalisation. Large epidemiological and clinical cohort studies, as well as the implementation of collaborative networks, are needed to improve the understanding of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in neonates.

scholarly journals Using a 3D printer in cardiac valve surgery: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 818-824
Author(s):  
Liliana Fortini Cavalheiro Boll ◽  
Guilherme Oberto Rodrigues ◽  
Clarissa Garcia Rodrigues ◽  
Felipe Luiz Bertollo ◽  
Maria Claudia Irigoyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Valve Surgery ◽  
Heart Valve Prosthesis ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Number Of Patients

SUMMARY BACKGROUND: The use of the 3D printer in complex cardiac surgery planning. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the use and benefits of 3D printing in heart valve surgery through a systematic review of the literature. METHODS: This systematic review was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and registered in the Prospero (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) database under the number CRD42017059034. We used the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and Lilacs. We included articles about the keywords “Heart Valves”, “Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation”, “Heart Valve Prosthesis”, “Printing, Three-Dimensional”, and related entry terms. Two reviewers independently conducted data extraction and a third reviewer solved disagreements. All tables used for data extraction are available at a separate website. We used the Cochrane Collaboration tool to assess the risk of bias of the studies included. RESULTS: We identified 301 articles and 13 case reports and case series that met the inclusion criteria. Our studies included 34 patients aged from 3 months to 94 years. CONCLUSIONS: Up to the present time, there are no studies including a considerable number of patients. A 3D-printed model produced based on the patient enables the surgeon to plan the surgical procedure and choose the best material, size, format, and thickness to be used. This planning leads to reduced surgery time, exposure, and consequently, lower risk of infection.

scholarly journals Takotsubo syndrome in patients with myasthenia gravis: a systematic review of previously reported cases

BMC Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devarajan Rathish ◽  
Minuri Karalliyadda
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Myasthenic Crisis ◽  
Takotsubo Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Care Guidelines ◽  
The Common

Abstract Background Myasthenia gravis associated takotsubo syndrome is a rare condition. This study aimed to explore its typical presentation, investigations and treatment through a systematic review of previously reported cases. Methods Databases and reference lists of the selected articles were searched for case reports on Myasthenia gravis associated takotsubo syndrome. CARE guidelines were used for the quality assessment of the selected articles. Results Sixteen cases were selected out of 580 search results. Western Pacific, American and European regions contributed to 88% of the cases. Females were most affected (81%). Features of both myasthenia gravis and takotsubo syndrome were the common clinical presentations. All cases had a myasthenic crisis. Half of the cases had no prior diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. Pyridostigmine and prednisolone were useful for myasthenia gravis while dobutamine was most commonly used for takotsubo syndrome. All cases survived except four (25%). Conclusions Myasthenia gravis associated takotsubo syndrome via a myasthenic crisis is rare but life-threatening. Therefore, predisposition due to emotional and physical triggers needs to be avoided for its prevention. The rare entity should be suspected even in patients without a prior diagnosis of Myasthenia gravis.

scholarly journals LO20: Naloxone dosing for suspected opioid and ultra-potent opioid overdoses: A systematic review

CJEM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
pp. S14
Author(s):  
J. Moe ◽  
J. Godwin ◽  
R. Purssell ◽  
F. O'Sullivan ◽  
J. Hau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Study Characteristics

Introduction: Optimizing naloxone dosing in the context of increasing fentanyl and ultra-potent opioid (UPO) prevalence is an important consideration for emergency health care providers. The goal of this systematic review was to evaluate the association between initial and cumulative naloxone doses on effective reversal and adverse events in undifferentiated and fentanyl/UPO overdoses. Methods: We searched Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, DARE, CINAHL, Science Citation Index, reference lists, toxicology websites, and conference proceedings from July to October 2018 and back to 1972. Our search included pertinent indexing terms for UPOs. We included interventional and observational studies reporting on naloxone administration for opioid toxicity reversal in people ≥12 years old. Additionally, we accessed non-traditional evidence sources (case reports and series) given this rapidly changing field. We conducted inclusion screens, data extraction and quality assessments in duplicate. We summarized study characteristics and where reported, analyzed number of patients with clinical response. Response was defined as not receiving further naloxone doses and remaining alive. Results: We included 174 studies (108 case reports and series, 55 observational, 9 interventional) with 26,660 subjects (median age 35.1; 74.2% male). We observed lower response among patients exposed to fentanyl/UPO versus heroin for initial naloxone doses ≤0.4mg (56.8% versus 80.2%) and > 0.4mg (27.0% versus 82.1%). Mean cumulative doses were higher for fentanyl/UPO (2.10 mg, SD 1.80 mg) versus heroin (1.48 mg, SD 1.68 mg) overdoses. In North American studies the median cumulative dose used was higher for fentanyl/UPO versus heroin overdoses. A dose-response curve for fentanyl/UPO studies showed marked variability in doses among responders, indicating heterogeneity. Adverse events reporting was inconsistent; 10% of subjects experienced withdrawal based on studies in which they were reported. Conclusion: This is the first systematic review to summarize proportion of patients with clinical response by naloxone dose provided. While variable reporting, study quality, heterogeneity, and our outcome definitions limit the conclusions we can draw, it appears that higher initial doses and in some cases, higher cumulative naloxone doses were used and may be necessary to reverse toxicity due to fentanyl/UPO compared to other opioids. High-quality prospective studies assessing effectiveness and safety are needed.

EP.TH.37Radioembolization with yttrium-90 microspheres for management of breast liver metastases: a systematic review and pooled analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Feretis ◽  
Arturs Fedotovs ◽  
Andriy Solodkyy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Tumour Response ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Tumour Control ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Yttrium 90

Abstract Aims Radioembolization with yttrium-90 microspheres is an emerging option for management of liver metastases of breast cancer when other systemic therapies have failed. The aims of this systematic review were to assess the effect of radioembolization on i) tumour response and ii) patient survival post -radioembolization. Methods The review was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed and EMBASE databases from January 2007 to December 2019. The initial search yielded 265 reports which were potentially suitable for inclusion in this review. Studies published in English reporting at least one outcome of interest were considered to be suitable for inclusion. Conference abstracts; case reports, animal studies and reports not published in English were excluded from this review. Results The final number of studies which met the inclusion criteria was 12 (n = 452 patients). There were no randomized controlled trials identified. The age of the patients included in this review ranged from 52 to 61 years. The duration of follow-up ranged from 6 to 15.7 months. The total number of patients with breast metastases not confined to the liver was 236 (52.2%). Cumulative analysis revealed that radioembolization conferred tumour control rate in 81% of patients. Overall survival post-radioembolization ranged from 3.6 to 20.9 months with an estimated mean survival of 11.3 months. Conclusion Radioembolization with ytrrium-90 appears to confer control of tumour growth rate in most patients, however its effect on patient survival need to be elucidated further.

scholarly journals Clinical benefits of prone positioning in the treatment of non-intubated patients with acute hypoxic respiratory failure: a rapid systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. emermed-2020-210586
Author(s):  
Hayden Richards ◽  
Karen Robins-Browne ◽  
Troy O'Brien ◽  
Greer Wilson ◽  
Jeremy Furyk
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Prone Positioning ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has led to a surge in critically unwell patients with type 1 respiratory failure. In an attempt to reduce the number of patients requiring mechanical ventilation, prone positioning (PP) of non-intubated patients has been added to many hospital guidelines around the world. We set out to conduct a systematic review of the evidence relating to PP in the non-intubated patient with type 1 respiratory failure secondary to COVID-19 and other causes.MethodsThe review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. A literature search of major databases and grey sources was conducted. Studies were assessed for inclusion by two authors according to prespecified criteria. Data collection processes, analysis and risk of bias assessment were planned.Results31 studies were included for analysis. These consisted of prospective and retrospective case series, cohort studies and case reports. None of the studies included a comparison group. No statistical analysis was performed. Descriptive data of included studies and narrative synthesis are presented.ConclusionsNo high-quality randomised controlled trials were found and thus evidence in relation to PP as a treatment for non-intubated patients with type 1 respiratory failure is lacking.

scholarly journals Pharmacological management of seizures in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Priscilla Kolibea Mante ◽  
Nana Ofori Adomako ◽  
John-Paul Omuojine ◽  
Paulina Antwi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Drug Choice ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Clonic Seizures ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug Therapy

Background: Some patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been reported to exhibit neurological symptoms such as seizures and impaired consciousness. Our study reviews reported cases to assess the pharmacological approach to managing seizures in SARS-CoV-2 patients and associated outcomes. Methods: A systematic review of case reports on the incidence of seizures following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients that reported use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in management was performed by using the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis) guidelines. Databases used included EMBASE, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar. Data was presented as qualitative and descriptive data. Results: In total, 67 articles were selected for full-text assessment, of which 18 were included in the final review. Patients had a median age of 54 years, most of whom were male. Remdisivir, dexamethasone, Laninamivir, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and Lopinavir-ritonavir were common agents used in the management of COVID-19. Most patients presented with either generalized tonic-clonic seizures or status epilepticus. Most patients received levetiracetam as drug choice or as part of their regimen. Other AEDs commonly prescribed included midazolam and sodium valproate. Some patients received no antiepileptic drug therapy. Most of the patients who died had more than one comorbidity. Also, most of the patients who died received COVID-19 treatment drugs. None of the patients who received midazolam as drug choice or as part of their regimen developed recurrent seizures in contrast to patients who received levetiracetam and sodium valproate as drug choice or as part of their regimen. Interestingly, none of the patients who received no AEDs suffered recurrent seizures or died. Conclusions: Standard guidelines for managing seizures in COVID-19 patients may be required. A limitation of this review is that it involved the use of case reports with no controls and a small number of patients.

Cannabis-associated arteritis

VASA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grotenhermen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Thromboangiitis Obliterans ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Clinical And Pathological Features

Background: To investigate the hypothesis that cases of arteritis similar to thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) and associated with the use of cannabis were caused by cannabis or THC (dronabinol), or that cannabis use is a co-factor of TAO. Patients and methods: A systematic review on case reports and the literature on so-called cannabis arteritis, TAO, and cardiovascular effects of cannabinoids was conducted. Results: Fifteen reports with 57 cases of an arteritis associated with the use of cannabis and two additional case series of TAO, in which some patients also used cannabis, were identified. Clinical and pathological features of cannabis-associated arteritis do not differ from TAO and the major risk factor of TAO, tobacco use, was present in most, if not in all of these cases. The proposed pathophysiological mechanisms for the development of an arteritis by cannabis use are not substantiated. Conclusions: The hypothesis of cannabis being a causative factor or co-factor of TAO or an arteritis similar to TAO is not supported by the available evidence. The use of the term “cannabis arteritis” should be avoided until or unless more convincing scientific support is forthcoming.

Capecitabine Induced Hand-Foot Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Case Reports

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif ARAS ◽  
Kamer Tecen YÜCEL ◽  
Aygin Bayraktar EKİNCİOĞLU ◽  
İbrahim GÜLLÜ
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Hand Foot Syndrome
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