scholarly journals Erratum: On My Own: The Aversion to Being Observed during the Preference-Construction Stage

Author(s):  
Yonat Zwebner ◽  
Rom Y Schrift
2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonat Zwebner ◽  
Rom Y Schrift

Abstract Previous research in consumer behavior and decision-making has explored many important aspects of social observation. However, the effect of social observation during the specific time wherein consumers construct their preferences remains relatively understudied. The present work seeks to fill this knowledge gap and adds to this literature by studying how consumers react to being observed during the preference-construction stage (i.e., prior to reaching their decision). While existing research on social observation focuses on accountability and self-presentation concerns, the present study uncovers an additional unique concern. Specifically, eight studies (three additional studies reported in the web appendix) find that being observed prior to reaching the decision threatens consumers’ sense of autonomy in making the decision, resulting in an aversion to being observed. Furthermore, we find that such threats lead consumers to terminate their decision by avoiding purchase or by choosing default options. Given the extent to which consumers are observed in the marketplace by other individuals and by online platforms, and given the rise in consumers’ privacy concerns associated with such practices, understanding consumer reactions to being observed in the pre-decisional stage is an important topic with practical implications.


2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baskoro Abdi Praja ◽  
Andreas Triwiyono

Jembatan Lemah Ireng 1 pada ruas jalan Tol Semarang-Bawen terbuat dari beton prategang dengan panjang total 879 m. Pada masa konstruksi dua perbedaan kondisi teknik terhadap rencana, yakni perubahan material pasir dan perubahan perpindahan traveler. Keduanya diduga sebagai penyebab perbedaan elevasi desain dengan elevasi aktual sehingga dilakukan levelling aspal dengan tebal bervariasi. Jembatan ini didesain untuk memenuhi masa layan 100 tahun namun berdasarkan kondisi aktual, diperlukan peninjauan terhadap perilaku dan kuat layan jembatan hingga umur rencana. Dengan pengaruh variasi pembebanan jangka panjang (rangkak susut) dan kondisi perubahan teknis akibat penambahan aspal, penelitian rangkak susut ini perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui perilaku lendutan pada gelagar boks jembatan hingga umur rencana. Beberapa tahapan pembebanan yang dilakukan adalah menerapkan beban levelling aspal, dan beban rangkak dan susut dengan menggunakan variasi durasi jangka panjang dengan interval 5, 10 , 15, 20, 40, 60, 80 dan 100 tahun. Analisis dilakukan secara linear statik serta memanfaatkan fasilitas Construction Stage Analysis untuk efek time-dependent pada software Midas Civil 2011. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan hanya meninjau aksi tetap. Perilaku rangkak susut jembatan cukup signifikan di 5 tahun pertama setelah konstruksi selesai. Lendutan maksimum rangkak susut dan total berada di bentang terpanjang (P4-P5)  masing-masing sebesar 17,53 dan 25,71 cm. Lendutan yang terjadi hingga umur rencana 100 tahun masih dalam batas izin, namun tetap perlu pengawasan yang terencana. Dampak minimum rangkak susut terhadap total lendutan pada jembatan Lemah Ireng 1 sebesar 45%. Hal ini menunjukkan rangkak susut terhadap defleksi total hingga umur rencana merupakan efek jangka panjang yang relatif besar.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-270
Author(s):  
Giulio Mirabella Roberti ◽  
Giuseppe Ruscica ◽  
Vittorio Paris

Abstract The research starts from an analogy found between two apparently very different structural solutions: the double spiral pattern of the herringbone brick courses in the domes built by Antonio da Sangallo the Younger (1484-1546) during the Renaissance, and the particular pattern of a wooden floor ‘à la Serlio’, described by Amand Rose Emy in his Treatise at the beginning of 19th century, made by diagonal beams reciprocally sustained. The diagonal pattern of the floor has a geometrical relationship with the cross-herringbone pattern, so that the latter can be obtained by some geometrical transformations of the former. This pattern was also used in thin shells built by Nervi, from the destroyed airplane hangars in Tuscany to the Palazzetto dello sport in Rome, and even by Piacentini in 1936 and earlier in some neoclassical domes. Thus the construction tool, useful for building domes without expensive scaffolding, could have a structural role at the completed construction stage. Within the research different structures were investigated, in order to observe the relevance of this peculiar structural scheme particularly in the construction of modern domes.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 804-812
Author(s):  
Świętoń Tomasz ◽  
Kadaj Roman ◽  
Oleniacz Grzegorz ◽  
Skrzypczak Izabela

AbstractProduction of prefabricated pipe spools for the needs of the oil and gas industry requires precise determination of their shape and dimensions. The crucial moment of production is to measure the spool being built, compare it with the design and define the geometry corrections that should be applied at the construction stage. At present, the comparison of spools is usually done in a manual manner in a CAD program or other software dedicated for this purpose and is implemented by combining variously defined translations and rotations. This approach is time-consuming and the results strongly depend on the survey engineer’s experience. In this article, a method of comparing the shape of two spools, based on isometric transformation and robust estimation, has been proposed. This method can be used to automate the comparison process. In standard approach, applied by both design engineers and assemblers, spools are described by a set of coordinates and, in the case of flanges, by sets of appropriately defined angular values. A method of flange description suitable for use in the isometric transformation process has been proposed, and potential problems that may appear at the implementation stage of the algorithm have been discussed. The proposed method makes it possible to determine the elements of a spool that do not fit into the design project in a way that allows minimizing the number of corrections at the construction stage.


2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. REKOLA ◽  
E. POUTA ◽  
J. KUULUVAINEN ◽  
O. TAHVONEN ◽  
C.-Z. LI

In the literature of contingent valuation, a rights-based system of environmental ethics claiming that natural objects have absolute rights, has frequently been regarded as the main reason for incommensurability, i.e. for citizens’ inability to find a common measure according to which all values could be ranked. In a study of 2400 Finns aged between 18 and 70, we tested whether a respondent's commitment to guaranteeing private property rights could be a reason for incommensurability beyond the respondent's possible commitment to absolute nature rights. It was found that incommensurability, modelled with lexicographic preferences, was attributable more often to private property rights than to nature rights. However, Finnish respondents who had lexicographic preferences for nature rights based their choice more often on an ethical judgement, whereas lexicographic preferences for property rights could rather be explained with an ambivalent preference construction. Lexicographic preferences for nature rights increased the willingness to pay for conservation, while lexicographic preferences for property rights decreased it. The result, which was predicted by the theory, supported the validity of incommensurability measurement. The study therefore indicates that several reasons for incommensurable preferences may exist and that it is possible to measure these reasons in contingent valuation surveys in order to judge the validity of the welfare measures in environmental policy decision-making.


2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Erdfelder ◽  
Marta Castela ◽  
Martha Michalkiewicz ◽  
Daniel W. Heck

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Al‐Reshaid ◽  
Nabil Kartam ◽  
Narendra Tewari ◽  
Haya Al‐Bader

PurposeIt is a well‐known fact that the construction industry always passes through two distinctive problems during the construction stage: slippages of project‐schedules, i.e. time‐frame, and overruns of project‐costs, i.e. budget. However, limited literature is available to solve or dilute these two problems before they even occur. It is strongly believed that the bulk of the two mentioned problems can be mitigated to a great extent, if not eliminated, provided that proper attention is paid to the pre‐construction phases of projects. Normally projects are implemented through traditionally old techniques which generally emphasize only solving “construction problems during the construction phase”. The aim of this article is therefore to unveil a professional methodology known as Project Control System (PCS) focusing on pre‐construction phases of construction projects.Design/methodology/approachIn this article, the authors share the lessons learned during implementation of Kuwait University projects worth approximately $400 million in a span of ten years. The task of the project management/construction management (PM/CM) is being provided to the university by a joint venture team of international and local specialists.FindingsThe pre‐construction methodology ensures smooth and successful implementation during construction phases of the projects as they are generally executed in a fast‐pace, deadline‐driven and cost‐conscious environment. The intuitive proactive methods, if implemented during pre‐construction stage, automatically answer the questions that are encountered during the execution periods of projects.Originality/valueIn this article, the authors share the lessons learned during PM/CM during projects over a span of ten years, which could be of use to others.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Guo

Many phenomena of preference construction demonstrate a violation of the rationality premise in classical economic theories. One of the most well-known examples of preference construction is the compromise effect. This puzzling anomaly can be rationalized by contextual deliberation (i.e., endogenous information retrieval/acquisition that can partially resolve utility uncertainty before choice). In this research, we investigate the empirical validity of this explanation by performing falsification tests for its necessary predictions and identifying it from other potential accounts. We conduct five experiments with more than 1,000 participants and show that the compromise effect can be positively mediated by response time and cannot be eliminated by context information, but it can be moderated by manipulating the level of deliberation (i.e., time constraint, preference articulation, task order). These findings are consistent with the predictions of the theory of contextual deliberation. We also show that, on average, contextual deliberation (as proxied by response time) can uniquely account for about half of the total compromise effect. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis


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