Evaluation of Four Stink Bug Species From Three Genera Affecting Soybean Yield and Quality in Louisiana13

The regional agroecological conditions, specific to the Transylvanian Plain, are favorable to soybean crops, but microclimate changes related to global warming have imposed the need for agrotechnical adaptive measures in order to maintain the level of soybean yield. In this study, we consider the effect of two soil tillage systems, the seeding rate, as well as the fertilizer dosage and time of application on the yield and quality of soybean crops. A multifactorial experiment was carried out through the A × B × C × D − R: 3 × 2 × 3 × 3 − 2 formula, where A represents the year (a1, 2017; a2, 2018; and a3, 2019); B represents the soil tillage system (b1, conventional tillage with mouldboard plough; b2, reduced tillage with chisel cultivator); C represents the fertilizer variants (c1, unfertilized; c2, one single rate of fertilization: 40 kg ha−1 of nitrogen + 40 kg ha−1 of phosphorus; and c3, two rates of fertilization: 40 kg ha−1 of nitrogen + 40 kg ha−1 of phosphorus (at sowing) + 46 kg ha−1 of nitrogen at V3 stage); D represents the seeding rate (1 = 45 germinating grains (gg) m−2; d2 = 55 gg m−2; and d3 = 65 gg m−2); and R represents the replicates (r1 = the first and r2 = the second). Tillage had no effect, the climate specific of the years and fertilization affected the yield and the quality parameters. Regarding the soybean yield, it reacted favorably to a higher seeding rate (55–65 gg m−2) and two rates of fertilization. The qualitative characteristics of soybeans are affected by the fertilization rates applied to the crop, which influence the protein and fiber content in the soybean grains. Higher values of protein content were recorded with a reduced tillage system, i.e., 38.90 g kg−1 DM in the variant with one single rate of fertilization at a seeding rate of 45 gg per m−2 and 38.72 g kg−1 DM in the variant with two fertilizations at a seeding rate of 65 gg m−2.

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Reexamination of the Influence of Oebalus pugnax (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Infestations on Rice Yield and Quality

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/toaa063 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (3) ◽

pp. 1248-1253

Author(s):

Blake E Wilson ◽

Michael J Stout

Keyword(s):

Rice Yield ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

The United States ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Stink Bug ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Oebalus Pugnax ◽

The Impact ◽

Sweep Net ◽

Panicle Weight

Abstract The rice stink bug, Oebalus pugnax (F.), is the most important pest of headed rice, Oryza sativa L., in the United States. Numerous studies have attempted to quantify the impact of O. pugnax feeding on rice yield and grain quality, but these studies have often produced conflicting results. Across mid-south U.S. rice, thresholds based on sweep net sampling are used to determine the need for insecticide applications, but few studies have related sweep net captures to rice quality parameters. Field trials were conducted in Louisiana in 2015 and 2016 that used different rates of insecticides to establish rice plots with mean O. pugnax infestations ranging from 0.8 to 24.6 insects per 10 sweeps. Insecticide applications improved panicle weight and head yields as well as decreased percentage peck. A series of linear regressions examined relationships between O. pugnax captures and rice yield and quality parameters, including panicle weight, head yield (% whole kernels), and peck (discolored grains). Mean O. pugnax sweep net captures across all sampling dates in both years were significantly and negatively correlated to panicle weight and head yield and positively correlated to percentage peck. Peck was negatively correlated with head yield. Results from sampling at different maturity stages indicate sweep net captures at grain fill and soft dough stages had the greatest influence on rice yield and quality parameters, respectively. Further research into impacts of milling quality reductions on farm revenue and the influence of cumulative infestations over grain development is needed to improve economic thresholds for O. pugnax in rice.

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Effect of Seed Mass and Emergence Delay on Soybean Yield and Quality

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj14.0391 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 107 (1) ◽

pp. 181-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Spyridon Mourtzinis ◽

John M. Gaska ◽

Palle Pedersen ◽

Shawn P. Conley

Keyword(s):

Seed Mass ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Yield And Quality

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Phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfur, boron and zinc fertilization effects on soybean yield and quality

International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant Biology ◽

10.20546/ijcrbp.2019.611.002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (11) ◽

pp. 9-21

Author(s):

Inés C. Davérède ◽

Fernando H. Míguez ◽

Agustina Ailín Borracci

Keyword(s):

Soybean Yield ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Zinc Fertilization ◽

Fertilization Effects

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Role of conventional and molecular techniques in soybean yield and quality improvement: A critical review

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha49412555 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 12555

Author(s):

Gai YUHONG ◽

Adnan RASHEED ◽

Zhao ZHOU ◽

John J. GARDINER ◽

Muhammad ILYAS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Improvement ◽

Pure Line ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Genetic Mechanism ◽

Mass Selection ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Pedigree Selection ◽

Work Done

The soybean is one of the most significant legume crops around the globe and serves as a source of dietary components for humans and animals. It has a higher percentage of protein compared to any other crop. Soybean yield and quality have been affected by many environmental factors. The genetic mechanism of yield and quality is still not clearly understood. Hence there is still a need to investigate the major potent factors to shed light on the mechanism behind yield and quality traits in soybean. Recently, a lot of significant work, including novel QTL, genes, and CRISPR-based genome editing in soybeans, has been done, which opened new doors of hope. The current review has presented detailed work done previously. We have also discussed the role of different breeding techniques in the conventional way of soybean improvement. The genetic factors regulating yield, quality, and disease resistance could be further cloned and transferred into elite cultivars to attain higher output in the current situation of changing environment. The integrated use of several techniques, like CRISPR/Cas9, next-generation sequencing, omics approaches, would be a fruitful way to improve soybean yield and quality. Besides this, hybridization, mass selection, pure line selection, backcross breeding, and pedigree selection should be adopted to develop novel soybean cultivars. This review concluded that soybean yield and quality improvement could be enhanced by exploring its genetic mechanism using several molecular and conventional methods.

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