A new fossil cricetid (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae) from northeastern Brazil with remarks on small mammal extinctions in the tropical Quaternary

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 1133-1147
Author(s):  
Simone B das Neves ◽  
Ulyses F J Pardiñas ◽  
Patrícia Hadler ◽  
Elver L Mayer ◽  
Ana M Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
The South ◽  
Quaternary Deposits ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Genetic Features ◽  
History Of

Abstract The rare cricetid rodent Bibimys Massoia, 1980 contains three extant species that are distributed in the lowlands of eastern South America between 35°S and 20°S and distinguished mostly by subtle morphological and genetic features. Several fragmented jaws belonging to this genus were recovered from Late Quaternary deposits located in northeastern Brazil, forming part of a rich archaeological and paleontological small mammal assemblage that has been recovered from caves in the Serra da Capivara, state of Piauí. This material is described herein as belonging to a new species, the most hypsodont member of the genus. The specimens also represent an extralimital occurrence of this sigmodontine, as the nearest extant population of Bibimys is ~1,200 km to the south. Because there are few reliable records of extinct small mammals from the Pleistocene–Holocene transition on the South American continent, in describing this new sigmodontine we extend the records of past biodiversity preserved in the Quaternary deposits of tropical South America. This new species likewise highlights that the Serra da Capivara deposits are promising for understanding the evolutionary history of cricetid rodents.

A Quaternary record of the big-eyed bat Chiroderma villosum (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) with a revised lower molar terminology

Mammalia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme S.T. Garbino ◽  
Valéria da C. Tavares
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Historical Interpretation ◽  
Left Mandible ◽  
Lower Molar

Abstract We report the first Quaternary record of the big-eyed bat Chiroderma villosum from South America based on a left mandible fragment collected in the Gruta dos Brejões, late Quaternary of northeastern Brazil. This material has been identified over the course of our revisionary work of the genus Chiroderma, including all species distributed in South America (Chiroderma doriae, Chiroderma salvini, Chiroderma trinitatum, Chiroderma villosum and Chiroderma vizottoi). Our results revealed that several characters of the second lower molar (m2), and of the posterior mandible may be used to identify and to diagnose the South American Chiroderma. We also revisited the historical interpretation of homologies of the lower molar cusps of Chiroderma, and propose a revised molar cusp terminology.

A Synopsis of Dicliptera (Acanthaceae) in Brazil, with the Description of Two New Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
James Lucas da Costa-Lima ◽  
Earl Celestino de Oliveira Chagas
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
The North ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
A New Species

Abstract—A synopsis of Dicliptera (Acanthaceae) for Brazil is presented. Six species are recognized: Dicliptera ciliaris, D. sexangularis, and D. squarrosa, widely distributed in South America; D. purpurascens, which ranges from the North Region of Brazil (in the state of Acre) to eastern Bolivia; D. gracilirama, a new species from the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil; and D. granchaquenha, a new species recorded in dry and semideciduous forests in Bolivia and western Brazil, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Furthermore, we propose new synonyms and designate lectotypes for eleven names. An identification key to the six accepted Dicliptera species in Brazil is provided.

Two new species of Ctenitis (Dryopteridaceae) from South America and taxonomic notes on similar species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 239 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Stauffer Viveros ◽  
Alexandre Salino
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of Ctenitis (Dryopteridaceae) from South America are described and illustrated: Ctenitis christensenii is endemic to southeastern Brazil and C. glandulosa occurs from southeastern to northeastern Brazil and in Guyana. An identification key and notes about the distribution, habitat and taxonomy of the new species, C. falciculata and allies are provided. Moreover, seven lectotypifications and two new synonyms are proposed.

Comparative anatomy of the gut of the South American species of Amitermes, with description of two new species and an identification key based on soldiers and workers

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4751 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-104
Author(s):  
MAURICIO M. ROCHA ◽  
ELIANA M. CANCELLO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time

In this contribution we present updates on the taxonomy and morphology of the South American species of Amitermes. Two new species are described: Amitermes bandeirai, sp. n., from Brazil, and Amitermes lilloi, sp. n., from Argentina. Amitermes nordestinus is a junior synonym of Amitermes aporema. The imago of A. aporema is described for the first time. Detailed comparative gut anatomy of the eight species is presented for the first time. The geographic distribution of Amitermes in South America is expanded and the distribution patterns of some species are discussed. 

scholarly journals A Cryptic New Species of Flycatcher (Tyrannidae: Suiriri) From the Cerrado Region of Central South America

The Auk ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Zimmer ◽  
Andrew Whittaker ◽  
David C. Oren
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
South America ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Playback Experiments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Central South ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA new species of tyrant flycatcher (Suiriri islerorum) is described from the cerrado region of Brazil and adjacent eastern Bolivia. The species previously had been confused with Suiriri suiriri affinis, with which it is syntopic at multiple sites. The new species was first identified by voice. Although cryptically similar to S. s. affinis in many respects, the new species is readily identified by all vocalizations, bill size, color pattern of the tail, and shape of the central rectrices. Most distinctive are the male–female duets, which are accompanied by dramatic wing-lifting displays not performed by any congeners. Reciprocal playback experiments of tape-recorded vocalizations demonstrated that the new species and S. s. affinis do not respond to one another's vocalizations. We provide information on the natural history of the new flycatcher, along with spectrograms of its various vocalizations. We also provide vocal analysis of all other named taxa in Suiriri, and discuss the various intrageneric relationships. In particular, S. s. affinis and S. s. bahiae, although distinct morphologically, are vocally and behaviorally similar, and respond to one another's vocalizations in playback experiments.

scholarly journals Eimerid coccidia from capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) in southern Bahia, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
George R. Albuquerque ◽  
Bruno P. Berto ◽  
Lilian S. Catenacci ◽  
Selene S. da C. Nogueira ◽  
Sérgio Luiz G. Nogueira-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Polar Granule ◽  
Stieda Body ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
The South ◽  
Sporocyst Residuum ◽  
Polar Granules ◽  
Hydrochoerus Hydrochaeris ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Southern Bahia

Two eimerid coccidia are reported in a capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) population kept in captivity in the south of Bahia, northeastern Brazil (14º 47' 57.89"S and 39º 10' 10.58" W). Oocysts of Eimeria ichiloensis are subspheroidal to ellipsoidal, 26.2 x 21.7mm with bi-layered wall, the outer yellow and sculptured and the inner, dark and smooth. Residuum is absent, but usually 2-3 polar granules are present. Sporocysts are ovoid, 12.0 x 7.6mm. Stieda body and sporocyst residuum are present. Oocysts of Eimeria trinidadensis are subspheroidal to ellipsoidal, 22.2 x 19.6mm with bi-layered wall, the outer yellow and smooth, and the inner dark and smooth. Residuum is absent, but one polar granule is present. Sporocysts are ovoid, 11.0 x 6.9mm. Stieda body and sporocyst residuum are present. Based on these descriptions and previous ones it can be concluded that these coccidea species are widely dispersed in capybaras in South America.

Taxonomic revision of Neotropical Dicepolia Snellen (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2237 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES E. HAYDEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
African Species ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Tropical South America

Dicepolia Snellen (syn. Endolophia Hampson) is revised to include thirteen species distributed in the Neotropics and Madagascar. The genus is diagnosed and differentiated from similar Neotropical Pyraloidea. The two previously described species, the type species D. roseobrunnea (Warren) (tropical South America) and D. rufitinctalis (Hampson) (Central and South America), are redescribed. Seven new species are described: D. aerealis sp. nov., D. amazonalis sp. nov., D. artoides sp. nov., D. bicolor sp. nov., D. cuiabalis sp. nov., D. vaga sp. nov. and D. venezolalis sp. nov. Four Malagasy species are transferred to Dicepolia: D. marginescriptalis (Kenrick) comb. nov., D. marionalis (Viette) comb. nov., D. munroealis (Viette) comb. nov., and D. rufeolalis (Mabille) comb. nov. Two continental African species are transferred from Endolophia to other odontiine genera: Emprepes sudanalis (Zerny) comb. nov. and Tegostoma aequifasciale (Zerny) comb. nov. D. roseobrunnea is identified as the “rosada da oiticica,” a historical seed-boring pest of Licania in northeastern Brazil; published observations of larval morphology and behavior are summarized. Habitus and genitalia of all species are illustrated, and a key to the Neotropical species is given.

scholarly journals A new species of the catfish genus Cordylancistrus (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4329 (3) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
FRANCISCO PROVENZANO R. ◽  
NADIA MILANI ◽  
CARLOS ARDILA R.
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Geological History ◽  
The Andes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magdalena River ◽  
A New Species

As a part of an assessment of loricariid catfishes inhabiting the Andes of Colombia, specimens belonging to an interesting new species were identified. The new species is described herein, and it is tentatively included in the genus Cordylancistrus. The new species can be easily distinguished among its congeners by the presence of a unique diagnostic character: a fleshy keel or excrescence, black or dark brown, over the posterior tip of supraoccipital. Specimens of the new species were captured in rivers of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and the Sierra de Perijá that drain to the Magdalena River Basin and Caribbean Sea. The occurrence of one species of Cordylancistrus in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta could have interesting biogeographic implications for hypotheses related to the geological history of northwestern corner of South America or to the dispersal or vicariance models used to explain biogeographical patterns of related species in Colombia. 

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