scholarly journals Phlebotominae Fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) and Molecular Detection of Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in Urban Caves of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Cavalcante Lamy Serra e Meira ◽  
Bruna Lacerda Abreu ◽  
Ana Paula Lusardo de Almeida Zenóbio ◽  
Cristiani de Castilho Sanguinette ◽  
Felipe Dutra Rêgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Leishmania Braziliensis ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Endemic Focus ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Sand flies are often collected in urban areas, which has several implications for the risk of transmission of Leishmania Ross, 1903, to humans and other mammals. Given this scenario, we describe the sand fly fauna of caves and their surroundings in Mangabeiras Municipal Park (MMP) and Paredão Serra do Curral Park (PSCP), both located in the urban area of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, an endemic focus of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Collections were conducted monthly from November 2011 to October 2012, using CDC light traps exposed for two consecutive nights in four caves and their surroundings. Nonsystematized collections using Shannon traps and active searches were also performed around the caves. The presence of Leishmania DNA in collected female sand flies was evaluated by ITS1-PCR. A total of 857 sand flies representing fourteen species were collected in MMP, of which Evandromyia edwardsi (Mangabeira, 1941) was the most abundant. Leishmania amazonensis was detected in Brumptomyia nitzulescui (Costa Lima, 1932) and Ev. edwardsi, with the latter also having Leishmania braziliensis, Leishmania infantum, and Leishmania sp. A total of 228 sand flies representing four species were collected in PSCP, of which Sciopemyia microps (Mangabeira, 1942) was the most abundant. No females from PSCP were positive for Leishmania-DNA. Studies aimed at describing sand fly faunas of cave environments and detecting Leishmania are essential to understanding the relationship between these insects and this ecotope and assessing and monitoring areas that may pose risks to the health of visitors and employees.

scholarly journals Assessment of sand fly (Diptera, Psychodidae) control using cypermethrin in an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 2117-2123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Andrade Barata ◽  
Erika Monteiro Michalsky ◽  
Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara ◽  
João Carlos França-Silva ◽  
Marília Fonseca Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Transmission Area

Montes Claros in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, was considered an intense transmission area for visceral leishmaniasis. This study evaluated sand fly fauna after insecticide application. Captures were performed in 10 districts from September 2005 to August 2006 with CDC light traps inside and outside each residence. Cypermethrin was sprayed in two cycles during November/2005 and May/2006. The 636 specimens collected, belonging to 10 species, were predominantly Lutzomyia longipalpis (79%), and most frequently males (70%). The highest percentage of specimens were captured in areas surrounding domiciles (85.8%). The main species were observed to be sensitive to treatment with the insecticide. The results showed a reduction in the number of sand flies collected after use of cypermethrin in homes and annexes, and with residual effect lasting from two to four months.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Bartonella sp. in Psathyromyia shannoni and Lutzomyia cruciata From Northeastern Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yokomi N. Lozano-Sardaneta ◽  
Nadia Joselyne Soto-Olguín ◽  
Jorge J. Rodríguez-Rojas ◽  
Sokani Sánchez-Montes ◽  
Eduardo A. Rebollar-Téllez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Bartonella Bacilliformis ◽  
Phlebotomine Sand Flies ◽  
Northeastern Mexico

Phlebotomine sand flies are vectors of Leishmania spp., Bartonella bacilliformis, and several arboviruses worldwide. In Mexico, the presence of Bartonella species is associated sporadically with arthropods and little is known on the diversity of insects that could be incriminated with its transmission. The aim of this study was to perform a molecular detection of Bartonella DNA in sand fly species collected in northeastern Mexico. Sand flies were collected at the states of Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas from June to August 2010, using 16 light traps per night. Sand fly species were morphologically identified, and for Bartonella detection, we amplified ~378 bp of the citrate synthase gene (gltA). DNA sequences were compared in a phylogenetic reconstruction based on maximum likelihood. A total of 532 specimens from seven sand fly species were morphologically identified, where 11 specimens from Tamaulipas tested positive for the presence of a new lineage of Bartonella sp. associated with Psathyromyia shannoni and Lutzomyia cruciata. This work represents the second record of Bartonella-associated with sand flies outside of the endemic area of Carrion’s disease. More studies are necessary to understand their life cycle, transmission dynamics, and their relationship with sand fly species.

scholarly journals Seasonal variation of Lutzomyia longipalpis in Belo Horizonte, State of Minas Gerais

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Carvalho de Resende ◽  
Maria Cristina Viana Camargo ◽  
Jaqueline Reis Marinho Vieira ◽  
Regina Celi Antunes Nobi ◽  
Maria Nunes Porto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
June July

Between October, 1997 and September, 1999 in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais a study of seasonal variation of Lutzomyia longipalpis was carried out in three distinct areas of the municipality. Sand flies were sampled at 15-day intervals in three residences, in each of which two CDC light traps were installed, one indoors and the other in the peridomicile. A total of 397 sand flies were captured in the three areas, with 65%, 30% and 1% of specimens collected in the eastern, northeast and Barreiro districts, respectively. The overall proportions of sand flies collected inside and around the houses were similar (57% vs 43%) and this pattern was seen for both Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lutzomyia whitmani . The highest population levels during the two years of the study were from October to March. From October onwards, numbers increased constantly until February. A gradual fall was seen from April onwards until the lowest levels were reached in the months of June, July and August.

scholarly journals Detection Molecular of Leishmania Spp. And Blood Source in Female Sand Flies in the Parque Estadual Do Rio Doce and in the Municipality of Timóteo, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Ferreira de Souza ◽  
Carlos Alberto dos Santos ◽  
Paula Dias Bevilacqua ◽  
José Dilermando Andrade Filho ◽  
Reginaldo Peçanha Brazil
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Leishmania Braziliensis ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Blood Source

Abstract Background: Leishmaniasis is a set of diseases caused by protozoa of the Leishmania genus (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) and transmitted by the bite of female sand fly insects (Diptera: Psychodidae). The present work was characterized as a descriptive study comparing two areas: a wild area where the Parque Estadual do Rio Doce (PERD) is located and another urban area, located in the municipality of Timóteo-MG (AUT). Aiming to identify the presence of Leishmania spp. and the blood source of collected female sand flies. Methods: Sand flies were collected with CDC light trap model HP, between September 2012 and February 2014. We used 19 traps in the Urban Area of ​​Timóteo and 12 in the Rio Doce State Park. For molecular studies of Leishmania spp. DNA we used ITS1 gene and in the search of blood source, with naturally fed females, the CytB gene was used and positive samples were sequenced. Results: It was clear that in the municipality of Timóteo there are at least three species of Leishmania: Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Leishmania (V.) guyanensis. A large presence of Leishmania braziliensis DNA was identified in female sand flies. Nyssomyia whitmani was the most captured species in the urban area, while in the PERD it was Pressatia choti, both species were positive for the presence of Leishmania braziliensis DNA. And last but not least was the record of the participation of Gallus gallus (chicken) and Sus scrofa (pig) as a blood source for sandflies, which helps to maintain the life cycle of vectors in the urban area of ​​the municipality.Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that Leishmania braziliensis is the main tegumentary leishmaniasis transmitter agent in the study area, with effective participation of Nyssomyia whitmani as a vector. And it draws attention to the possibility that Gallus gallus (chicken) and Sus scrofa (pig) are fundamental in maintaining the cycle in urban areas.

scholarly journals Do Different LED Colours Influence Sand Fly Collection by Light Trap in the Mediterranean?

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Gaglio ◽  
Ettore Napoli ◽  
Francesca Arfuso ◽  
Jessica Maria Abbate ◽  
Salvatore Giannetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Trap ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Trap Design ◽  
Phlebotomine Sand Flies ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Uv Led ◽  
The Mediterranean

Light traps represent the most used attractive system to collect and monitor phlebotomine sand flies. Recent studies have suggested that light traps can be easily upgraded by the use of light-emitting diode (LED) with positive effects on trap design, weight, and battery life. However, scant data on the effect of different LED colours on the attractiveness to phlebotomine sand fly species are available in literature. In this study, the capture performances of light traps equipped with different LED colours on phlebotomine sand fly species indigenous in the Mediterranean area were evaluated. Phlebotomine sand fly collections were performed using a classical light trap (CLT), equipped with a traditional incandescent lamp, and five Laika 4.0 light traps supplied, each with LED of different colours and wavelengths: (i) white; (ii) red; (iii) green; (iv) blue; (v) UV. Light traps were set for three consecutive nights fortnightly from May to October 2017 and climate data recorded using a meteorological station. A total of 411 phlebotomine sand flies (191 males and 220 females), belonging to three different species, namely, Phlebotomus perniciosus (n= 298, 141 males and 157 females), Sergentomyia minuta (n=110, 48 males and 62 females), and Phlebotomus neglectus (n=3, 2 males and 1 females) were collected. Abundance of capture was influenced by colours of LED and time. The highest number of phlebotomine sand flies was captured on June (P<0.01) and by UV LED (P<0.01). As regard to species, P. perniciosus was mainly captured by UV LED on June (P<0.01). No effect of time (P>0.05) or LED colour (P>0.05) was recorded for S. minuta and P. neglectus. According to the results of the present study light trap equipped with UV LED can represent an effective tool for the capture of sand fly species in the Mediterranean area.

scholarly journals Observations on the dipteran fauna in a focus of dermal leishmaniasis in the State of Minas Gerais: II. The distribution of families in relation to their medical, veterinary and economic importance

1983 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
Paul Williams ◽  
Carlos B. Marcondes ◽  
Alberto R. Falcão
Keyword(s):  
Light Trap ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Family Level ◽  
The Impact

Miniature light traps used to collect Phlebotominae in a focus of dermal leishmaniasis in the eastern part of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Over a period of seven months, the other Diptera captured in 179 light trap samples were identified to family level. The traps were placed in eight localities which constituted three different biotopes: three woodland aresas, cultivated land, and a peridomestic site. A comparison is made between the totals of Dipeterans collected in each biotope, the total numbers of families collected in each biotope and the estimated indices of diversity. Dendograms representing the degrees of association between families of Diptera in different biotopes are presented. Some families of Diptera are uniformly distributed throughout the study area; a few families seem to have become adapted to areas where human activity has induced the greatest ecological changes. The impact between Dipterans and human well-being is discussed. The availabel evidence indicates that transmission of dermal leishmaniasis does not occur in areas where sand flies can be captured in greatest densities.

Relationship Between the Distribution and Biodiversity of Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) With the Incidence of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Endemic Foci of Golestan Province, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1768-1774
Author(s):  
Aioub Sofizadeh ◽  
Kamran Akbarzadeh ◽  
Ehsan Allah Kalteh ◽  
Fatemeh Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Phlebotomus Papatasi ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Phlebotomine Sand Flies ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Golestan Province ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) is prevalent in Golestan Province, Iran. The current study determined the relationship between the distribution and biodiversity of sand flies with cutaneous leishmaniasis at 14 villages in plain and hillsides areas. In each village from July to September 2017, 60 sticky traps and 2 CDC light traps were laid. Spearman and Mann–Whitney tests were used to determine the relationship between the incidence of ZCL and the abundance of different species of sand flies. Simpson, Shannon-Wiener, Evenness, and Margalef indices were calculated to estimate the diversity of species. A total of 5,295 phlebotomine sand flies were collected, comprising 10 species of the genus Phlebotomus (3,947 flies) and 7 species of genus Sergentomyia (1,248 flies). The abundance of sand flies and incidence of ZCL in plain areas were greater than that of hillsides areas (P = 0.013, P = 0.002). There was a significant correlation between the incidence of ZCL and the abundance of Phlebotomus papatasi (r = 0.72, P = 0.004) and P. caucasicus groups (P = 0.006; 0.022). In the Shannon-Wiener index, the rest of the biodiversity indices were reduced in higher-altitude areas. Increasing Shannon-Wiener index showed higher diversity of sand flies in higher-altitude areas. Data of the reported cases of leishmaniasis in plain areas can reveal the relationship between less diversity index (Shannon-Wiener), higher dominant diversity index (Simpson), and incidence of leishmaniasis in these areas.

Evaluation of a dinotefuran-permethrin-pyriorixyfen insect repellent in dogs exposed to experimental infestations of sand flies (Lutzomyia longipalpis)

2018 ◽  
Vol XXIII (136) ◽  
pp. 58-73
Author(s):  
Bruna Cerruti de Godoi ◽  
Sandra Fernandez ◽  
Paula Bandiera Leite ◽  
Sidimar Sossai ◽  
Leonardo Pinto Brandão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Major Player ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Receive Treatment ◽  
And Control

Visceral leishmaniasis is a serious zoonosis, and has a high incidence in Brazil. The ubiquitous presence of sand flies is a major player in the high incidence of leishmaniasis in urban areas of Brazil. Prevention and control or canine leishmaniasis is important to decrease the incidence of the zoonosis. Control is done with topical use of products with antiparasitic, repellent and insecticide action. This study evaluated the repellent efficacy of line-on application of a topical permethrin-dinotefuran-pyriproxyfen formulation in dogs. Six dogs were treated with the product and six did not receive treatment. All dogs were sedated and exposed to sand flies of the species Lutzomyia longipalpis weekly for 28 days. The result showed that the product had an efficacy of 90.4% in repelling sand flies. There was statistical significance (p ≤ 0,05) difference in the number (mean) of live engorged sand fly females between the two groups in all evaluations. The product showed repellent efficacy against Lutzomyia longipalpis for 28 days.

scholarly journals Inquérito canino em foco recente de leishmaniose tegumentar no Município de Sabará, região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte

1996 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Maria Azeredo Passos ◽  
Ana Cristina Andrade ◽  
Eduardo Sérgio Silva ◽  
Elizabeth Maria Figueiredo ◽  
Alda Lima Falcão
Keyword(s):  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Leishmania Braziliensis ◽  
Belo Horizonte

Em 1992, foi obsewada lesão cutânea por Leishmania em um cão do município de Sabará, Minas Gerais, onde já haviam sido registrados casos humanos de leishmaniose tegumentar. O parasita foi caracterizado como pertencente ao subgênero Viannia, ao qual pertence a Leishmania braziliensis, principal espécie encontrada tia região sudeste do Brasil. Com o objetivo de determinar o papel do cão no ciclo de transmissão da doença, foi realizado um inquérito canino na área. Foram examinados 631 cães, sendo a soroprevalência para leishmaniose igual a 3,2%. Foi observada a proximidade ou presença no mesmo domicílio de cães e pessoas doentes. Este aspecto fala a favor da transmissão domiciliar ou peridomiciliar, com o cão infectado podendo atuar como fator de risco nesta área periurbana. Entretanto, a baixa soroprevalência encontrada deve-se provavelmente ao pequeno papel deste animal na transmissão da doença neste foco recente da doença.

scholarly journals Association between age and survival in a cohort of Brazilian patients with operable breast cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1732-1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Balabram ◽  
Cassio M. Turra ◽  
Helenice Gobbi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Breast Cancer Survival ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
The Relationship

Whether age is an independent prognostic factor in breast cancer is a matter of debate. This is a retrospective cohort study of 767 breast cancer patients, stages I-III, treated at the Hospital das Clínicas, Minas Gerais Federal University, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, from 2001 to 2008, aiming to study the relationship between age and survival. We included variables related to patients, tumors, and types of treatment. Different sets of Cox models were used for survival analysis. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95%CI were calculated. The relationship between age and breast cancer survival did not change substantially in any of them. In the model that accounted for all variables, women aged 70 and older (HR = 1.51, 95%CI: 1.04-2.18), and 35 or younger (HR = 1.78, 95%CI: 1.05-3.01) had shorter cancer specific survival than patients aged between 36 and 69. In addition, older age, having at least one comorbidity, and being white were associated with a higher risk of dying from other causes. In conclusion, shorter breast cancer survival is expected among the youngest and oldest patients.

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