Mineral Deficiency Effects on the Generation of Cytotoxic T-Cells and T-Helper Cell Factors in Vitro

1981 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Flynn ◽  
Belinda R. Yen
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cells ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Helper Cell ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Mineral Deficiency

scholarly journals Generation of IL-8 and IL-9 Producing CD4+T Cells Is Affected by Th17 Polarizing Conditions and AHR Ligands

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Gasch ◽  
Tina Goroll ◽  
Mario Bauer ◽  
Denise Hinz ◽  
Nicole Schütze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Helper Cell ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Helper Cells ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon

The T helper cell subsets Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg play an important role in immune cell homeostasis, in host defense, and in immunological disorders. Recently, much attention has been paid to Th17 cells which seem to play an important role in the early phase of the adoptive immune response and autoimmune disease. When generating Th17 cells underin vitroconditions the amount of IL-17A producing cells hardly exceeds 20% while the nature of the remaining T cells is poorly characterized. As engagement of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has also been postulated to modulate the differentiation of T helper cells into Th17 cells with regard to the IL-17A expression we ask how far do Th17 polarizing conditions in combination with ligand induced AHR activation have an effect on the production of other T helper cell cytokines. We found that a high proportion of T helper cells cultured under Th17 polarizing conditions are IL-8 and IL-9 single producing cells and that AHR activation results in an upregulation of IL-8 and a downregulation of IL-9 production. Thus, we have identified IL-8 and IL-9 producing T helper cells which are subject to regulation by the engagement of the AHR.

scholarly journals T helper cell polarisation as a measure of the maturation of the immune response

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott B. Cameron ◽  
Ellen H. Stolte ◽  
Anthony W. Chow ◽  
Huub F. J. Savelkoul
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Intracellular Cytokine Staining ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Helper Cell ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Intracellular Cytokine ◽  
T Helper

Background:T helper cell polarisation is important under chronic immune stimulatory conditions and drives the type of the evolving immune response. Mice treated with superantigensin vivodisplay strong effects on Thsubset differentiation. The aim of the study was to detect the intrinsic capacity of T cells to polarise under variousex vivoconditions.Methods:Purified CD4+T cells obtained from superantigen-treated mice were cultured under Thpolarising conditionsin vitro. By combining intracellular cytokine staining and subsequent flow cytometric analysis with quantitative cytokine measurements in culture supernatants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the differential Thpolarising capacity of the treatment can be detected in a qualitative and quantitative manner.Results and conclusions:BALB/c mice were shown to be biased to develop strong Th2 polarised immune responses using Th0 stimulation of purified CD4+T cells from phosphate-buffered saline-treated mice. Nevertheless, our analysis methodology convincingly showed that even in these mice, Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 treatmentin vivoresulted in a significantly stronger Th1 polarising effect than control treatment. Our results indicate that populations of Thcells can be assessed individually for their differential Th1 or Th2 maturation capacityin vivoby analysing robustin vitropolarisation cultures combined with intracellular cytokine staining and ELISA.

scholarly journals CD4+ CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Control T Helper Cell Type 1 Responses to Foreign Antigens Induced by Mature Dendritic Cells In Vivo

2003 ◽  
Vol 198 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Oldenhove ◽  
Magali de Heusch ◽  
Georgette Urbain-Vansanten ◽  
Jacques Urbain ◽  
Charlie Maliszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Peripheral Tolerance ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Helper Cell ◽  
T Helper

Recent evidence suggests that in addition to their well known stimulatory properties, dendritic cells (DCs) may play a major role in peripheral tolerance. It is still unclear whether a distinct subtype or activation status of DC exists that promotes the differentiation of suppressor rather than effector T cells from naive precursors. In this work, we tested whether the naturally occurring CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) may control immune responses induced by DCs in vivo. We characterized the immune response induced by adoptive transfer of antigen-pulsed mature DCs into mice depleted or not of CD25+ cells. We found that the development of major histocompatibility complex class I and II–restricted interferon γ–producing cells was consistently enhanced in the absence of Treg. By contrast, T helper cell (Th)2 priming was down-regulated in the same conditions. This regulation was independent of interleukin 10 production by DCs. Of note, splenic DCs incubated in vitro with Toll-like receptor ligands (lipopolysaccharide or CpG) activated immune responses that remained sensitive to Treg function. Our data further show that mature DCs induced higher cytotoxic activity in CD25-depleted recipients as compared with untreated hosts. We conclude that Treg naturally exert a negative feedback mechanism on Th1-type responses induced by mature DCs in vivo.

scholarly journals Analysis of H-2 determinants recognized during the induction of H-Y-immune cytotoxic T cells by monoclonal antibodies in vitro

1981 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 563-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Brenan ◽  
A Mullbacher
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
T Helper Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cells ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cell ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Cell Induction ◽  
D Region

Monoclonal antibodies directed to the D region of H-2(k) when present during in vitro culture inhibit the generation of CBA/H and C3H.H-2(o) H-Y-immune cytotoxic T cells . Monoclonal antibodies directed to the I-A(k) and I-E(k) region specifically inhibited induction of CBA/H H-Y-immune cytotoxic T cells only when they were present simultaneously in culture. These findings show T helper cell requirement for CBA/H H-Y-immune cytotoxic T cell induction, and suggest that two I region-coded restriction antigens for T helper cells are involved.

B7-H1 costimulation preferentially enhances CD28-independent T-helper cell function

Blood ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 1809-1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideto Tamura ◽  
Haidong Dong ◽  
Gefeng Zhu ◽  
Gabriel L. Sica ◽  
Dallas B. Flies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Helper Cell ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Amino Acid Homology

B7-H1 is a recently described B7-like molecule that costimulates T-cell growth and cytokine secretion without binding to CD28, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), and inducible costimulator (ICOS). In this report, a mouse homologue of human B7-H1 is identified, and its immunologic functions are studied in vitro and in vivo. Mouse B7-H1 shares 69% amino acid homology to the human counterpart. Similar to human B7-H1, mouse B7-H1 can be induced to express on macrophages, T cells, and B cells and to enhance T-cell proliferation and secretion of interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor but not IL-2 and IL-4. Furthermore, B7-H1 preferentially costimulates CD4+ T cells independently of CD28 and enhances mixed lymphocyte responses to allogeneic antigens. In contrast to B7-1, expression of B7-H1 on murine P815 tumor cells by transfection fails to increase allogeneic and syngeneic cytolytic T-cell responses in vitro and in vivo. Administration of B7-H1Ig fusion protein, however, enhances keyhole limpet hemocyanin– specific T-cell proliferation and 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl–specific immunoglobulin G2a antibody production. The study thus identifies a unique costimulatory pathway that preferentially affects T-helper cell functions.

scholarly journals A T helper cell for anti-viral cytotoxic T-cell responses.

1979 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 1277-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
R B Ashman ◽  
A Müllbacher
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cells ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cell ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Viral Antigens ◽  
Membrane Antigens ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cell Responses

We demonstrate here: (a) the existence of T helper (Th) cells that augment the generation of virus-specific cytotoxic T cells in vitro, (b) that the helper cells carry the theta and Ly 1 membrane antigens, (c) that activation of the Th effect is specific for viral antigens, and (d) that the delivery of help is not H-2 restricted.

Expansion of HCV-specific T cells with a follicular T helper cell phenotype after DAA mediated antigen removal

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (01) ◽  
pp. E2-E89
Author(s):  
M Smits ◽  
C Fauvelle ◽  
T Baumert ◽  
C Neumann-Haefelin ◽  
R Thimme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Helper Cell ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Antigen Removal

In Vitro Differentiation of Effector CD4+ T Helper Cell Subsets

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlin A. Read ◽  
Michael D. Powell ◽  
Bharath K. Sreekumar ◽  
Kenneth J. Oestreich
Keyword(s):  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Helper Cell ◽  
In Vitro Differentiation ◽  
T Helper

scholarly journals Anti–Interleukin 10 Receptor Monoclonal Antibody Is an Adjuvant for T Helper Cell Type 1 Responses to Soluble Antigen Only in the Presence of Lipopolysaccharide

2000 ◽  
Vol 192 (10) ◽  
pp. 1529-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio G. Castro ◽  
Margaret Neighbors ◽  
Stephen D. Hurst ◽  
Francesca Zonin ◽  
Regina A. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Helper Cell ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Soluble Antigen ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Peptide Antigen ◽  
Helper Cell Type

Soluble foreign antigen usually leads to a transient clonal expansion of antigen-specific T cells followed by the deletion and/or functional inactivation of the cells. As interleukin (IL)-10 is a key immunoregulatory cytokine, we questioned whether neutralization of IL-10 during priming with soluble antigen could prime for a subsequent T helper cell type 1 (Th1) effector recall response. By using an adoptive transfer model to track the fate of antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR)-transgenic CD4+ T cells, we show that administration of soluble ovalbumin (OVA) protein, but not OVA323–339 peptide antigen, together with an anti–IL-10 receptor (R) mAb led to the enhancement of a Th1 response upon rechallenge. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) present in the protein was necessary for priming for Th1 recall responses in the presence of anti–IL-10R mAb, as removal of LPS abrogated this effect. Moreover, addition of LPS to the peptide did not itself allow priming for recall Th1 effector responses unless endogenous levels of IL-10 were neutralized with an anti–IL-10R mAb. A significant increase in OVA-specific IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes was observed when the protein antigen was administered with anti–IL-10R mAb; however, this was not the case with peptide antigen administered together with anti–IL-10R and LPS. Our data, showing that LPS receptor signaling and neutralization of endogenous immunosuppressive cytokines is essential for Th1 priming, has important implications for the design of relevant vaccines for effective in vivo immunotherapy.

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