scholarly journals Side Deposit with Regular Texture Food for Clinical Cases In-Home

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Caregiver Training ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Mealtime Behavior ◽  
Reversal Design ◽  
Inappropriate Mealtime Behavior ◽  
Regular Texture

Abstract Objective Research has shown effectiveness of nonremoval of the spoon and physical guidance in increasing consumption and decreasing inappropriate mealtime behavior. The side deposit has been used to treat passive refusal in 2 studies (1 in a highly specialized hospital setting) using lower manipulated-texture foods on an infant gum brush. Methods We extended the literature by using regular texture bites of food with a finger prompt and side deposit (placing bites inside the side of the child’s mouth via the cheek) in an intensive home-based program setting in Australia, demonstrating that attention and tangible treatments alone were ineffective prior, fading the tangible treatment, showing caregiver training, and following up. 2 male children with autism spectrum disorder (with texture/variety selectivity; one with liquid dependence) participated in their homes. We used a reversal design to replicate effectiveness of the side deposit added to a treatment package. Results For both participants, we observed a >98% decrease in latency to acceptance, a 100% decrease in inappropriate mealtime behavior, and a 100% increase in consumption with the side deposit added. Variety was increased to over 85 regular texture foods. 100% of admission goals were met. Caregivers were trained to high procedural integrity and the protocol was generalized to school and the community. Gains maintained to 3 and 1.5 years. Conclusion This is important work in adding to the literature and support for the side deposit and expanding to regular texture, as well as replicating and extending empirically supported treatments for feeding internationally to the home setting.

scholarly journals Redistribution with Regular Texture Food for Clinical Cases In-Home

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa Taylor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Reversal Design ◽  
Regular Texture ◽  
Withdrawal Reversal

Research has shown effectiveness of a redistribution procedure for decreasing packing and increasing swallowing. Redistribution has been done using lower manipulated-texture foods on an infant gum brush in specialised United States hospitals. We extended this by using regular texture bites of food in a short-term (1-2 weeks) home-based programme in Australia, showing decreased then absent use of the procedure, and following up. Two children with autism spectrum disorder participated. We used a withdrawal/reversal design. Latency to swallow decreased. Participants increased variety to 90 and 122 regular texture foods across food groups. All goals were met including increasing independence in self-feeding. Both parents were trained. Gains maintained to 6 months and redistribution was no longer needed.

A Multi-Component Treatment to Reduce Packing in Children With Feeding and Autism Spectrum Disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 940-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren S. Levin ◽  
Valerie M. Volkert ◽  
Cathleen C. Piazza
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Feeding Disorders ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Mealtime Behavior ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Inappropriate Mealtime Behavior

Despite the high prevalence and potential negative consequences of feeding disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), there are surprisingly few studies that examine the efficacy of treatment exclusively with these children. Children with feeding disorders also frequently exhibit packing (holding or pocketing food without swallowing). Investigators have evaluated procedures in the general pediatric population to treat packing, and some have shown that procedures need to be combined to form an effective treatment. Although investigators have evaluated the efficacy of re-distribution, swallow facilitation, and a chaser, these procedures have not been evaluated specifically with children with ASD. Prior to the current investigation, we successfully used nonremoval procedures to increase acceptance of pureed foods and liquids and decrease the inappropriate mealtime behavior of two children diagnosed with ASD and feeding problems; however, in each case, packing emerged during initial treatment. We then used different combinations of re-distribution, swallow facilitation, and chaser treatments to decrease packing for both children.

scholarly journals Machine Learning to Support Visual Inspection of Data: A Clinical Application

2021 ◽  
pp. 014544552110382
Author(s):  
Tessa Taylor ◽  
Marc J. Lanovaz
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Feeding Programs ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Pediatric Feeding ◽  
Reversal Design ◽  
Additional Support

Practitioners in pediatric feeding programs often rely on single-case experimental designs and visual inspection to make treatment decisions (e.g., whether to change or keep a treatment in place). However, researchers have shown that this practice remains subjective, and there is no consensus yet on the best approach to support visual inspection results. To address this issue, we present the first application of a pediatric feeding treatment evaluation using machine learning to analyze treatment effects. A 5-year-old male with autism spectrum disorder participated in a 2-week home-based, behavior-analytic treatment program. We compared interrater agreement between machine learning and expert visual analysts on the effects of a pediatric feeding treatment within a modified reversal design. Both the visual analyst and the machine learning model generally agreed about the effectiveness of the treatment while overall agreement remained high. Overall, the results suggest that machine learning may provide additional support for the analysis of single-case experimental designs implemented in pediatric feeding treatment evaluations.

scholarly journals Mealtime Behaviors and Food Preferences of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Hae Jin Park ◽  
Su Jin Choi ◽  
Yuri Kim ◽  
Mi Sook Cho ◽  
Yu-Ri Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Mealtime Behavior ◽  
High Level

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a lack of social communication and restrictive, repetitive behaviors or interests. This study aimed to examine the mealtime behaviors and food preferences of students with ASD. An online questionnaire on mealtime behavior and food preferences of ASD students was conducted by caregivers including parents, and the average age of ASD students was 14.1 ± 6.1. The analysis of mealtime behavior resulted in classification into three clusters: cluster 1, the “low-level problematic mealtime behavior group”; cluster 2, the “mid-level problematic mealtime behavior group”; and cluster 3, the “high-level problematic mealtime behavior group”. Cluster 1 included older students than other clusters and their own specific dietary rituals. Meanwhile, cluster 3 included younger students than other clusters, high-level problematic mealtime behavior, and a low preference for food. In particular, there were significant differences in age and food preference for each subdivided ASD group according to their eating behaviors. Therefore, the content and method of nutrition education for ASD students’ needs a detailed approach according to the characteristics of each group.

Observational Effects on the Food Preferences of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 108835762095436
Author(s):  
Joseph H. Cihon ◽  
Mary Jane Weiss ◽  
Julia L. Ferguson ◽  
Justin B. Leaf ◽  
Thomas Zane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Observational Learning ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Food Selectivity ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Learning Procedure ◽  
Reversal Design ◽  
Selection Of

Research addressing food selectivity has involved intrusive techniques such as escape extinction. It is possible that observational learning methods employed in previous studies could provide the desired results with respect to food selectivity without the need for invasive physical interventions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an observational learning procedure on the selection of food items of three children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Baseline consisted of a simple task after which a choice was presented between high- and low-preferred foods. The intervention consisted of observing an adult engage in the same task and selecting the low-preferred food while making favorable comments and engaging with the food in novel ways. The results of a reversal design demonstrated that selection of the low-preferred food only occurred following the introduction of the intervention, and all three participants engaged in flexible responding as a result of the intervention.

scholarly journals Telehealth Use in a Home-Based Dementia Care-Coordination Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 195-196
Author(s):  
Deirdre Johnston ◽  
Melissa Reuland ◽  
Kelly Marshall ◽  
Inga Antonsdottir ◽  
Morgan Bunting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Home Team ◽  
Individualized Care ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
At Home

Abstract In the coming decades, greater numbers of people will either have Alzheimer’s Disease or a related dementia or will take care of a family member with dementia. The dementia syndromes are associated with increased risk of medical, social, and behavioral complications in both the person with dementia (PWD) and the caregiver (CG), many of which are preventable. These complications, and the dementia itself, can impede access to care and ultimately hasten residential care placement, which can be both undesirable and costly. A nearly universal unmet need in PWD/CG dyads is dementia-specific education. Therefore, it is vital we find ways to support and provide education to CG/PWD dyads to manage dementia in the community and home setting. MIND at Home is a dementia-care model developed and tested at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine to minimize dementia complications and delay institutionalization by training non-clinical Memory Care Coordinators (MCCs) working under clinical supervision to support and guide PWD/CG dyads in the community. MCCs collaborate with CGs and PWDs in the community using an individualized care plan structured around the dyads’ specific dementia-related needs. This presentation will describe how the MIND at Home team used handheld tablets to connect MCCs to clinicians from participants’ homes, and will report on challenges encountered, strategies to address them, and participant and caregiver satisfaction with the telehealth experience.

scholarly journals Home-based pulmonary rehabilitation for people with COPD: A qualitative study reporting the patient perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aroub Lahham ◽  
Christine F McDonald ◽  
Ajay Mahal ◽  
Annemarie L Lee ◽  
Catherine J Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Home Based

This study aimed to document the perspective of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who underwent home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (HBPR) in a clinical trial. In this qualitative study, open-ended questions explored participants’ views regarding HBPR. Thirteen semi-structured interviews were analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Major themes from interviews included the positive impact of HBPR on physical fitness, breathing and mood. Participants valued the flexibility and convenience of the programme. Participants also highlighted the importance of social support received, both from the physiotherapist over the phone and from family and friends who encouraged their participation. Reported challenges were difficulties in initiating exercise, lack of variety in training and physical incapability. While most participants supported the home setting, one participant would have preferred receiving supervised exercise training at the hospital. Participants also reported that HBPR had helped establish an exercise routine and improved their disease management. This study suggests that people with COPD valued the convenience of HBPR, experienced positive impacts on physical fitness and symptoms and felt supported by their community and programme staff. This highly structured HBPR model may be acceptable to some people with COPD as an alternative to centre-based pulmonary rehabilitation.

Effectiveness of a Home Based Training Program on Caregivers Knowledge in Managing Aggressive Behavior of Patients With Mental Illness

2021 ◽  
pp. 108482232110394
Author(s):  
Kusum Lata ◽  
T. K Ajesh Kumar ◽  
Deepika C. Khakha ◽  
Raman Deep
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Caregiver Training ◽  
Bonferroni Adjustment ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Post Test ◽  
At Home

In India, more than 90% of the patient with chronic mental illness stayed with their family members. Approximately 77.4% of caregivers experience moderate to severe levels of aggression. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of caregiver-training program on knowledge in managing aggressive behavior of mentally ill at home. Research design was pre-experimental. Seventy two caregivers were recruited using purposive sampling technique. The caregivers knowledge was assessed at 3 time points with regard to training program; before, immediately (post-test 1), and after 1 month (±1 week; post-test 2). The baseline knowledge was reflective of the deficiencies existing in the management of aggression of the mentally ill by caregivers. The knowledge of caregivers regarding the management of aggressive behavior of mentally ill, increased after caregiver training program, from the pre-test score of 17.63 ± 3.3 to post-test 1 score of 23.26 ± 2.9, and slightly decreased post-test 2 score of 21.01 ± 3.3 at p < .05. Repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done to compare the differences in knowledge score over time with Bonferroni adjustment. This home based caregiver training program helped caregivers to identify etiological factors of aggression, warning signs of aggression and use of de-escalation strategies to manage aggressive behavior of mentally ill. Training caregivers regarding aggression management will make caregiver proficient in practicing safe approach during handling of aggressive patient which will ensure the physical safety of the caregiver as well as of the patient and let the patient stay at home.

scholarly journals HOMESIDE: home-based family caregiver-delivered music and reading interventions for people living with dementia: protocol of a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e031332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity Anne Baker ◽  
Jodie Bloska ◽  
Sabine Braat ◽  
Anna Bukowska ◽  
Imogen Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
Home Setting ◽  
Randomised Study ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionPharmacological interventions to address behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) can have undesirable side effects, therefore non-pharmacological approaches to managing symptoms may be preferable. Past studies show that music therapy can reduce BPSD, and other studies have explored how formal caregivers use music in their caring roles. However, no randomised study has examined the effects on BPSD of music interventions delivered by informal caregivers (CGs) in the home setting. Our project aims to address the need for improved informal care by training cohabiting family CGs to implement music interventions that target BPSD, and the quality of life (QoL) and well-being of people with dementia (PwD) and CGs.Methods and analysisA large international three-arm parallel-group randomised controlled trial will recruit a sample of 495 dyads from Australia, Germany, UK, Poland and Norway. Dyads will be randomised equally to standard care (SC), a home-based music programme plus SC, or a home-based reading programme plus SC for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is BPSD of PwD (measured using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire). Secondary outcomes will examine relationship quality between CG and PwD, depression, resilience, competence, QoL for CG and QoL for PwD. Outcomes will be collected at baseline, at the end of the 12-week intervention and at 6 months post randomisation. Resource Utilisation in Dementia will be used to collect economic data across the life of the intervention and at 6-month follow-up. We hypothesise that the music programme plus SC will generate better results than SC alone (primary comparison) and the reading programme plus SC (secondary comparison).Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained for all countries. Results will be presented at national and international conferences and published in scientific journals and disseminated to consumer and caregiver representatives and the community.Trial registration numbersACTRN12618001799246p; NCT03907748

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