scholarly journals Phytoglobin overexpression promotes barley growth in the presence of enhanced level of atmospheric nitric oxide

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (17) ◽  
pp. 4521-4537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangli Zhang ◽  
Franz Buegger ◽  
Andreas Albert ◽  
Andrea Ghirardo ◽  
Barbro Winkler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Period ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Effective Quantum Yield ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Barley Leaves ◽  
Dry Matter Weight ◽  
Quantum Yield Of Psii

Abstract To investigate the effect of high atmospheric NO concentrations on crop plants and the role of phytoglobins under these conditions, we performed a long-term study on barley ‘Golden Promise’ wild type (WT), class 1 phytoglobin knockdown (HvPgb1.1−) and class 1 phytoglobin overexpression (HvPgb1.1+) lines. Plants were cultivated with nitrogen-free nutrient solution during the entire growth period and were fumigated with different NO concentration (ambient, 800, 1500, and 3000 ppb). Analysis of fresh weight, stem number, chlorophyll content, and effective quantum yield of PSII showed that NO fumigation promoted plant growth and tillering significantly in the HvPgb1.1+ line. After 80 d of NO fumigation, dry matter weight, spikes number, kernel number, and plant kernel weight were significantly increased in HvPgb1.1+ plants with increasing NO concentration. In contrast, yield decreased in WT and HvPgb1.1− plants the higher the NO level. Application of atmospheric 15NO and 15NO2 demonstrated NO specificity of phytoglobins. 15N from 15NO could be detected in RNA, DNA, and proteins of barley leaves and the 15N levels were significantly higher in HvPgb1.1+ plants in comparison with HvPgb1.1− and WT plants. Our results demonstrate that overexpression of phytoglobins allows plants to more efficiently use atmospheric NO as N source.

The use of humor in the foreign language classroom: Funny and effective?

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Wagner ◽  
Eduardo Urios-Aparisi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
World Language ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
The World ◽  
World Language Classroom

AbstractThe present paper deals with the role of humor in world language teaching and learning. The goal is to enable educators and researchers to address the phenomenon of humor in the world language classroom in its complexity by suggesting a multidisciplinary approach and by introducing a coding scheme for investigating the use of humor in the world language classroom. Finally, we will introduce an ongoing long-term study planned with the proposed design.

scholarly journals The role of drug use in the spread and course of HIV-infection: a comprehensive view of the situation

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-83
Author(s):  
N. A. Belyakov ◽  
V. V. Rassokhin ◽  
O. E. Simakina ◽  
S. V. Ogurtsova ◽  
N. B. Khalezova
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Long Term Study

Intention. To conduct an analysis of HIV infections spread among drug users and subsequently show how HIV spreads in the society under interaction of drug addicts with other people.Methodology. An analysis of studies related to the area of research made by leading scientists in the field of epidemiology, infectology, narcology, psychiatry for a long-term period has been performed.Results and Discussion. Long-term study and thorough analysis demonstrate a persisting role of drug use and drug users in the spread of HIV infection and viral hepatitis through sexual contact and injection equipment and show main mechanisms of involvement all social groups in infection process.Conclusion. Injecting drug users represent a large number of people living with HIV, the least adherent to antiretroviral therapy and setting the stage for HIV transmitting in healthy population and maintaining the epidemic process at a high level.

Role of Middle Ear Endotoxin in Inner Ear Inflammatory Response and Hydrops: Long-Term Study

1990 ◽  
Vol 99 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 33-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Lim ◽  
Hideyuki Kawauchi ◽  
Thomas F. DeMaria
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study

Role of the Father

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 102 (Supplement_E1) ◽  
pp. 1253-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle D. Pruett
Keyword(s):  
Infant Development ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Interaction Styles ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Primary Caregiving

Fathers make definite contributions to infant development and are now spending more time with their children than in many past decades. This article reviews the most compelling research on the developmental importance of fathers, including father–infant attachment and interaction, and differences between maternal and paternal interaction styles. Results of a long-term study of primary caregiving fathers also are presented.

The role of lateral malleolus in normal growth and biomechanics of ankle clinical long term study in growing children

1992 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
In Kim ◽  
Seung-Koo Rhee ◽  
Yong Sik Kim ◽  
Soon Yong Kwon ◽  
Kee Won Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Growth ◽  
Lateral Malleolus ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Long Term Study

scholarly journals Postoperative Outcome Analyses of Non-Complicated Macula-Off Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: A Retrospective, Long-Term, Multicenter Case Series Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-64
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Quiroz-Reyes ◽  
Erick A. Quiroz-Gonzalez ◽  
Jorge Morales-Navarro ◽  
Felipe Esparza-Correa ◽  
Jorge E. Aceves-Velazquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Postoperative Outcome ◽  
Internal Limiting Membrane ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Case Series Report ◽  
Series Report

Background: There is abundant and even confusing information in the available literature concerning the role of internal limiting membrane (ILM) removal in macular conditions secondary to non-complicated macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair. This retrospective, multicenter, long-term study aimed to analyze the incidence of epiretinal membrane (ERM) proliferation and other surgical complications and to compare the postoperative microstructural and multimodal imaging findings and correlate them with the final postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in selected eyes.

scholarly journals Territories of Faith: 1000 Years of Landscape Multifunctionality in Santa Mariña de Augas Santas (NW Spain)

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 992
Author(s):  
Cruz Ferro-Vázquez ◽  
Rebeca Blanco-Rotea ◽  
Jorge Sanjurjo-Sánchez ◽  
Sonia García-Rodríguez ◽  
Marco V. García Quintela
Keyword(s):  
Religious Practice ◽  
Landscape Configuration ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Northwestern Spain ◽  
Multifunctional Landscape ◽  
Productive Systems

Landscape multifunctionality is increasingly recognized as an important aspect in sustainability and developmental debates. Yet, how and why a multifunctional landscape configuration develops over time has not been sufficiently studied. Here we present the geoarchaeological investigation of the Santa Mariña de Augas Santas site, in northwestern Spain. We focus on the role of religious practice, and of its interplay with productive strategies, in landscape transformation. A geochemical, mineralogical, and geochronological characterization of the pedo-sedimentary record (including XRF, EA-IRMS, XRD, OSL and 14C measurements) allowed to characterize catchment scale sedimentation processes in relation to agricultural activities. The geographical and chronological coincidence of production functions with documented religious activities demonstrate that both aspects shared geographical spaces during the last millennium. Current landscape multifunctionality at Santa Mariña is thus not the final outcome of a specific evolution, but an essential aspect of traditional land use strategies through history and a driver of change. This work highlights the need of a long-term study of the processes of landscape configuration when assessing the sustainability of traditional productive systems.

scholarly journals The role of nanoparticles in Arctic cloud formation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linn Karlsson ◽  
Radovan Krejci ◽  
Makoto Koike ◽  
Kerstin Ebell ◽  
Paul Zieger
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Formation ◽  
Inlet System ◽  
Arctic Clouds ◽  
Radiative Forcings ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Aerosol Cloud Interactions ◽  
Mixed Phase Clouds

Abstract. To constrain uncertainties in radiative forcings associated with aerosol--cloud interactions, improved understanding of Arctic cloud formation is required, yet long-term measurements of the relevant cloud and aerosol properties remain sparse. We present the first long-term study of cloud residuals, i.e. particles that were involved in cloud formation, and ambient aerosol particles in Arctic low-level clouds measured at Zeppelin Observatory, Svalbard. A detailed evaluation of the ground-based counter-flow virtual impactor inlet system is also presented. Cloud residuals as small as 15 nm are routinely observed especially during the dark period and are potentially linked to ice, supporting prior work suggesting that classical droplet activation is not the only relevant process in the formation of Arctic low-level clouds. The reported measurements and findings provide a new basis for improving our understanding of Arctic clouds and for developing robust parameterisations of mixed-phase clouds in Earth system models.

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