6 Responsibility, 6.1 Westland Helicopters Ltd v Arab Organization for Industrialization, United Arab Emirates, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, State of Qatar, Arab Republic of Egypt, and Arab British Helicopter Company, Arbitration, 5 March 1984, 80 ILR 600

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahlborn Christiane
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Arbitral Tribunal ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Member States ◽  
First Case ◽  
Contractual Obligations ◽  
International Chamber Of Commerce

This chapter treats the arbitration between Westland Helicopters Ltd and the Arab Organization for Industrialization (AOI) as well as its member states. After several AOI member states decided to dissolve the organization in 1979, Westland Helicopters Ltd filed a request for arbitration before the International Chamber of Commerce, claiming damages for non-fulfilment of contractual obligations. The Westland Helicopters arbitration is the first case in which a dispute settlement body had to decide on the possible responsibility of states for the wrongful acts of an international organization. While the Arbitral Tribunal in Westland Helicopters decided to hold AOI member states responsible alongside the international organization, Swiss courts later reversed this decision. The Westland Helicopters cases thus foreshadowed the debate, including many of the recurrent arguments, on whether and when the corporate veil of an international organization should be pierced.

Intellectual Composition of Arbitral Tribunals According to the New Saudi Arbitration Law

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
Reyadh Mohamed Seyadi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Arbitral Tribunal ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Commercial Arbitration ◽  
International Commercial Arbitration ◽  
National Courts ◽  
Model Law ◽  
Law Degree

Abstract One significant feature of arbitration that distinguishes it from litigation in national courts, is the parties’ freedom to select the arbitrator or members of the arbitral tribunal familiar with the kind of dispute that might arise or already has arisen. In 2012, a new arbitration law was issued in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) inspired by the texts of the Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration. In all its provisions it included the requirement not to violate Sharīʿah law (Islamic legal tradition). However, according to this law, the sole arbitrator or presiding arbitrator must hold a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) or Sharīʿah law degree. This provision is mandatory, and the parties cannot agree otherwise. This article seeks to provide some thoughts on this restriction through an analysis of arbitrator qualifications under Sharīʿah law in order to provide a better understanding of the position adopted by the KSA Arbitration Law.

scholarly journals Spread and Dynamics of COVID-19 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Four Other Countries in the Early Phase: A Study for the Development of the Advanced Health System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahanavaj Khan ◽  
Asimul Islam ◽  
Ahmad Firoz ◽  
Anis Ahmad Chaudhary ◽  
Mohammad Amjad Kamal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
First Case ◽  
Daily Report ◽  
The World

Abstract BackgroundThe epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is challenge to the world which was at first confirmed in the Wuhan city of China in December 2019. It was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. In the current work we evaluated effect of health policy of Saudi Arabia for the management of COVID-19 pandemic in early phase and compared to other four countries. MethodBased on the Ministry of Health, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) data, the summary of daily report of COVID-19 was prepared from 02 March to 30 April 2020. Further, the daily report of enhancement in cases and recovery of the patients was also summarized. Moreover, the incidence, death and recoveries of COVID-19 cases in KSA were compared with major infected country including China, Italy, Spain and United State of America (USA). The important role of artificial intelligence was shown for the development of drug targets against to infectious diseases Results In KSA, the first case of COVID-19 was reported on 02 March 2020. Since then, it has affected 22,753 persons till the end of the April 2020. Also, the results showed that the infection rate of COVID-19 increased continuously during the current period of study in KSA. Nevertheless, the rate of death due to COVID-19 is much less with comparison to China, Italy, Spain, and USA due to good medical facilities along with quick action by the government of KSA after the emergence of first case. There is a dire need to develop new platforms and approaches to combat new and old diseases including COVID-19 at warp speed when compared to traditional approaches. DeepDrug’s approach to drug discovery and development showed brighter future towards the discovery of novel drugs against infectious diseases including COVID-19.ConclusionCurrently, there is higher probability of COVID-19 spread at any place. Therefore good health policy, precautionary measures and medical facility of whole nations should be excellent to combat against the COVID-19 pandemic until the reliable vaccine or antiviral drug developed for the proper treatment of virus. The artificial intelligence (AI) based available process might be very helpful for the drug discovery and development against of old and newly discovered diseases including COVID-19.

scholarly journals Diversification of Domestic Politics of the GCC Member States After the Second Gulf War

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egdūnas Račius
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Gulf War ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Member States ◽  
Gcc Countries ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
The Persian Gulf

This paper will concentrate on exploring how the domestic politics of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have been redirected and reshaped as a consequence of the Second Gulf War. Although the war affected directly only Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, it has also been experienced by other GCC member states: Bahrain, next to Saudi Arabia, was a major base of Allied forces, United Arab Emirates had sent its jet–fighters to the operations against Iraqi troops. Therefore, white Kuwait and Saudi Arabia will be the primary focus of the paper, the rest of the Persian Gulf Arab countries will receive partial attention too.

scholarly journals The Emergent Gen Y Workforce: Implications for Labour Nationalization Policies in the UAE and Saudi Arabia

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Hwee Ling Lim
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Gen Y ◽  
Recruitment And Retention ◽  
Arabian Gulf Region ◽  
Work Preferences

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; tab-stops: 18.0pt 32.4pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><em>The United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) implement labour nationalization policies to regulate workforce localization. The sustainability of these policies is complicated by an emergent large Generation Y (Gen Y) demographic group and low participation by nationals in expatriate dominated labour markets. The countries’ continued economic growth depends on companies’ abilities to understand recruitment and retention issues specific to their young citizens. This study compared the life priorities and work motivators of Emirati and Saudi Gen Y. It adapted the Schwartz Value Inventory to measure the importance of four life dimensions and Twenge et al.’s (2010) model to measure the importance of work preferences on five motivational dimensions. The study sampled UAE and Saudi nationals born 1980-1990 (Gen Y). The findings showed a symmetrical prioritization of life priorities by Emiratis and Saudi respondents but with differences in work preferences as Emiratis were most motivated by extrinsic work motivators while Saudis placed greatest importance on intrinsic work motivators. The paper concluded with recommendations for effective recruitment and retention of young nationals that can help companies manage this generation and contribute to scarce existing human resource management research in the Arabian Gulf region.</em></span></span></span></p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>

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