Conclusion and Future Directions

2017 ◽  
pp. 123-136
Author(s):  
Collie W. Conoley ◽  
Michael J. Scheel
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Treatment Model ◽  
Real Relationship ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Therapy Model ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Versus Treatment

The final chapter presents empirical support for Goal Focused Positive Psychotherapy (GFPP) in comparison to cognitive-behavioral therapy and short-term psychodynamic therapy. Topics for future research and development are addressed. The GFPP orientation toward the client and skills to enact the orientation are discussed. The three primary pathways of the Contextual Model, a meta-theory of psychotherapy, are used to outline future research. Pathway 1 describes the importance of forming a real relationship between the therapist and client. Pathway 2 consists of the client’s expectations of benefit that are created through therapeutic techniques. The final pathway is the client’s change through participating in the therapy interventions. Treatment model validity issues are reviewed by examining therapists’ therapy model allegiance versus treatment integrity. Assessing the therapist’s competence as an ability to facilitate GFPP experiences for the client is examined. Finally, areas of growth for GFPP are discussed, including a better integration of systems theory.

Individual Approaches to Prevention and Early Intervention

2012 ◽  
pp. 362-380
Author(s):  
Teresa M. Au ◽  
Caroline Silva ◽  
Eileen M. Delaney ◽  
Brett T. Litz
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Psychological Debriefing ◽  
Traumatic Exposure

This chapter provides an overview of individual and small group-based approaches for prevention and early intervention of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Using the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) classification system for preventive interventions of mental disorders (universal, selective, and indicated), we describe individual and small group early interventions and review the effectiveness of these strategies. Specifically, psychological debriefing, psychological first aid, and psychoeducation have been used as selective interventions targeting individuals exposed to trauma with varying degrees of success. However, there is strong empirical support for using cognitive behavioral therapy as an indicated preventive intervention to help symptomatic individuals in the weeks or months following traumatic exposure. A review of the literature also suggests that future research should explore different modes of delivery and devote more attention to determining the best time to intervene after traumatic exposure.

Cognitive–Behavioral Treatment of Depression in Men

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason S. Spendelow
Keyword(s):  
Help Seeking ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Recommended Treatment

Depression is a significant public health issue and many researchers have suggested that modifications to conventional cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) are required to address infrequent help-seeking in men and counter negative effects of traditional masculinity on therapeutic engagement. This narrative review summarizes recommended alterations to CBT in the areas of therapeutic setting, process, and content. Key themes from this literature include a focus on behavioural interventions, and harmful cognitions that orginate from the traditional male gender stereotype. This literature is marked by limited empirical support for many of the recommended treatment modifications, and several options for future research are outlined.

scholarly journals Studying the Intergenerational Transmission of Risk for Depression: Current Status and Future Directions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian H. Gotlib ◽  
Sherryl H. Goodman ◽  
Kathryn L. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Depressed Mothers ◽  
Risk For Depression

Studying offspring of depressed mothers is a promising strategy for elucidating factors that contribute to depression onset, given that these offspring are 3 to 6 times more likely to develop depression than are their low-risk peers. In this article, we briefly describe representative findings from studies of younger and older offspring of depressed mothers and identify factors that have garnered the most consistent empirical support across development. We discuss what these studies can and cannot tell us about mechanisms that might underlie the intergenerational transmission of risk for depression regardless of the age of offspring being studied. Finally, in light of limitations of this literature, we offer recommendations for future research.

Individual Approaches to Prevention and Early Intervention

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin L. McLean ◽  
Mackenzie H. Cummings ◽  
Brett T. Litz
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Psychological Debriefing ◽  
Traumatic Exposure

This chapter provides an overview of individual and small group–based approaches for prevention and early intervention of posttraumatic stress disorder. Using the Institute of Medicine’s classification system for preventive interventions of mental disorders (universal, selective, and indicated), the chapter describes individual and small group early interventions and reviews the effectiveness of these strategies. Specifically, psychological debriefing, psychological first aid, and psychoeducation have been used with varying degrees of success as selective interventions targeting individuals exposed to trauma. However, there is strong empirical support for using cognitive behavioral therapy as an indicated preventive intervention to help symptomatic individuals in the weeks or months following traumatic exposure. A review of the literature also suggests that future research should explore different modes of delivery and devote more attention to determining the best time to intervene after traumatic exposure.

scholarly journals Current Pharmacological and Nonpharmacological Options for the Management of Insomnia

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. CMT.S10239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfred R. Pigeon ◽  
Todd M. Bishop ◽  
Jonathan A. Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
The Past ◽  
Care Costs

Insomnia continues to be a major public health concern and to have a pronounced and detrimental effect on health care costs, productivity, and quality of life. Efficacious pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions have emerged over the past few decades, giving providers several options for addressing this disruptive condition; these are herein reviewed. Benzodiazepines have long been the pharmacological treatment of choice for insomnia; however, novel hypnotics being developed by the pharmaceutical industry show promise in addressing insomnia with fewer side effects. From the nonpharmacological perspective, several different single-component interventions such as stimulus control have been shown to be effective, although a combination of these approaches (eg, cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia) also enjoy strong empirical support. Future research should continue to examine how sequencing of treatment components, treating different patient cohorts, and combinations of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments influence patient outcome.

Looking back and looking ahead

2019 ◽  
pp. 261-266
Author(s):  
Daniel Gutzmann
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Variation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Broad View ◽  
Diachronic Development ◽  
Looking Back

The final chapter is concerned with looking back and looking ahead. It concludes with a broad view of the topics dealt with in this book and summarizes the main findings: expressivity can partake in agreement, expressivity can trigger movement, and expressivity can be selected for. The chapter briefly predicts what the main conclusion—that expressivity is represented in syntax—may mean for existing and future research on expressives and the syntax-semantics interface, before giving some concrete suggestions for future directions of investigations including reflections on expressive adjectives, expressivity and its relation to determiners, cross-linguistic variation, and diachronic development and acquisition.

Behavior Therapy of Depression

2016 ◽  
pp. 422-434
Author(s):  
Samuel H. Hubley ◽  
Sona Dimidjian
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Problem Solving Therapy ◽  
Therapy Interventions

This article discusses the three primary contemporary behavior therapy interventions for depression: problem-solving therapy (PST), coping with depression (CWD), and behavioral activation (BA).   After providing an overview of the historical roots of behavioral treatment for depression, the article describes the theoretical foundation of each approach. It then considers the evidence base, citing clinical trials that have evaluated the efficacy and effectiveness of PST, CWD, and BA. It also examines the primary treatment strategies of each approach and concludes by suggesting directions for future research that emphasize the need to clarify mechanisms of change and to extend the scope of behavioral therapy for depression.

Conclusions and Future Directions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofer Bergman ◽  
Steve Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Personal Archives

The final chapter describes future research and technology for curation. Personal archives will continue to grow as new types of personal data and systems play even greater roles in our everyday lives. As a result, we believe that users will confront even greater challenges of organizing their personal information. The chapter first assesses emerging technology, including lifelogging and machine learning, as well as automatic organization of personal information. It outlines requirements for new PIM theory and new methods.

The Effectiveness of Intervention Programs for Perpetrators and Victims of Intimate Partner Violence

Partner Abuse ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher I. Eckhardt ◽  
Christopher M. Murphy ◽  
Daniel J. Whitaker ◽  
Joel Sprunger ◽  
Rita Dykstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Quasi Experimental

In this review, we provide a descriptive and detailed review of intervention programs for intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators and survivor-victims. Given the extensive personal, interpersonal, and societal costs associated with IPV, it is essential that services being offered by the criminal justice, mental health, and medical communities have requisite empirical support to justify their implementation. The review involved a detailed summary of all studies published since 1990 using randomized or quasi-experimental designs that compared an active intervention program to a relevant comparison condition. These studies included 20 studies investigating the effectiveness of “traditional” forms of batterer intervention programs (BIPs) aimed at perpetrators of IPV, 10 studies that investigated the effectiveness of alternative formats of BIPs, 16 studies of brief intervention programs for IPV victim-survivors, and 15 studies of more extended intervention programs for IPV victim-survivors. Interventions for perpetrators showed equivocal results regarding their ability to lower the risk of IPV, and available studies had many methodological flaws. More recent investigations of novel programs with alternative content have shown promising results. Among interventions for victim-survivors of IPV, a range of therapeutic approaches have been shown to produce enhancements in emotional functioning, with the strongest support for cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) approaches in reducing negative symptomatic effects of IPV. Supportive advocacy in community settings has been shown to reduce the frequency of revictimization relative to no-treatment controls, although rates of revictimization remain alarmingly high in these studies. Brief interventions for victim-survivors have had more complex and less consistently positive effects. Several studies have found significant increases in safety behaviors, but enhanced use of community resources is often not found. It remains unclear whether brief safety interventions produce longer term reduction in IPV revictimization. Discussion summarizes the general state of knowledge on interventions for IPV perpetrators and victim-survivors and important areas for future research.

New Psychosocial Interventions for Bipolar Disorder: A Review of Literature and Introduction of the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Miklowitz ◽  
Michael W. Otto
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
Systematic Treatment ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Group Psychoeducation ◽  
Psychoeducational Treatment ◽  
Social Rhythm

What is the evidence that psychosocial treatment adds to the efficacy of pharmacotherapy in forestalling episodes of bipolar disorder (BPD)? This article gives the rationale for including psychosocial intervention in the outpatient maintenance of BPD. Attention is placed on 4 psychosocial modalities that have achieved empirical support in randomized trials: family-focused psychoeducational treatment (FFT), cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT), and group psychoeducation. FFT, CBT, and IPSRT are being contrasted with a psychosocial control condition in the context of the ongoing, multicenter Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder (STEP-BD). The objectives, design, and potential contributions of the STEP-BD study are explained. Future directions for the evaluation and dissemination of manual-based psychosocial interventions are discussed.

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