Irritability in Mood and Anxiety Disorders

2019 ◽  
pp. 233-252
Author(s):  
Pablo Vidal-Ribas Belil ◽  
Argyris Stringaris
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders

Irritability is common in children and adolescents presenting with mood and anxiety disorders and was recently introduced in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as a diagnostic category under the name of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD). The aim of this chapter is to describe the distinct phenomenology, epidemiology, and correlates of irritability in the context of bipolar disorder, DMDD, depression, and anxiety disorders. The course of irritability is episodic in bipolar disorder and depression and is commonly accompanied by elated and depressed mood, respectively. In contrast, the irritability seen in DMDD is chronic and recurrent. In anxiety disorders, the experience of irritability is usually related to the presence of the feared situation. Regardless of these differences, irritability seems to be associated with higher rates of comorbidity and greater functional impairment and may need attention in its own right.

scholarly journals How Well Does the DSM-5 Capture Schizoaffective Disorder?

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 607-610
Author(s):  
Gordon Parker
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5

Schizoaffective disorder has long been recognized and quite variably defined. It has been variably positioned as a discrete entity, a variant of either schizophrenia or of a mood disorder, as simply reflecting the co-occurrence of schizophrenia and a mood disorder, and effectively reflecting a diagnosis along a continuum linking schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. This article considers historical views, some empirical data that advance consideration of its status, and focuses on its classification in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5). DSM-5 criteria seemingly weight it in the direction of a schizophrenic illness, as do some empirical studies, whereas the empirical literature examining the response to lithium links it more closely to bipolar disorder. It is suggested that DSM-5’s B and C criteria are operationally unfeasible. Some suggestions are provided for a simpler definition.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Amy Krain Roy ◽  
Melissa A. Brotman ◽  
Ellen Leibenluft
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Evaluation ◽  
Behavioral Correlates ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
New Diagnosis

Pediatric irritability is one of the most common reasons for mental health evaluation and treatment. Irritability is transdiagnostic; while it is the hallmark symptom of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, a new diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), it also appears in the diagnostic criteria for several mood, anxiety, and behavioral disorders and is a common correlate in others. The past 15 years have witnessed a rise in clinical neuroscience studies of pediatric irritability, resulting in significant advances in our understanding of its neural, genetic, psychophysiological, and behavioral correlates. These advances are detailed in the chapters in this volume. There is a particular focus on the implications of these findings for assessment and treatment of irritable youth, along with suggestions for further research.

Mood Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 322-325
Author(s):  
Simon Kung
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Text Revision ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

Mood disorders—depressive and bipolar disorders—are the second most common set of psychiatric disorders, behind anxiety disorders. The lifetime prevalence of any mood disorder in US adults is approximately 20%, and the 12-month prevalence is approximately 10%. Although depressive disorders and bipolar disorder have been split into 2 chapters in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition), the criteria have stayed the same as in its Fourth Edition, Text Revision while the terminology has changed slightly.

scholarly journals Peripheral Biomarkers in DSM-5 Anxiety Disorders: An Updated Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 564
Author(s):  
Matteo Vismara ◽  
Nicolaja Girone ◽  
Giovanna Cirnigliaro ◽  
Federica Fasciana ◽  
Simone Vanzetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Anxiety disorders are prevalent and highly disabling mental disorders. In recent years, intensive efforts focused on the search for potential neuroimaging, genetic, and peripheral biomarkers in order to better understand the pathophysiology of these disorders, support their diagnosis, and characterize the treatment response. Of note, peripheral blood biomarkers, as surrogates for the central nervous system, represent a promising instrument to characterize psychiatric disorders, although their role has not been extensively applied to clinical practice. In this report, the state of the art on peripheral biomarkers of DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition) Anxiety Disorders is presented, in order to examine their role in the pathogenesis of these conditions and their potential application for diagnosis and treatment. Available data on the cerebrospinal fluid and blood-based biomarkers related to neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, neurotrophic factors, and the inflammation and immune system are reviewed. Despite the wide scientific literature and the promising results in the field, only a few of the proposed peripheral biomarkers have been defined as a specific diagnostic instrument or have been identified as a guide in the treatment response to DSM-5 Anxiety Disorders. Therefore, further investigations are needed to provide new biological insights into the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders, to help in their diagnosis, and to tailor a treatment.

scholarly journals Irregularity In Eating and Sleeping Seems Affect Mental Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 473-473
Author(s):  
Francisco Ramirez ◽  
Renan Amon Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
The Self ◽  
Treatment Intervention ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Funding Sources

Abstract Objectives Body rhythms have an impact on health. We explore the effect that regularity have on depression, anxiety and emotional intelligence. Methods Data from n = 8252 unique participants that completed the self reported Depression and Anxiety Assessment Test (registration TX 7-398-022) was used. It measured depression, anxiety and emotional intelligence (EQ). The questionnaire of 85 questions included questions of demographics, and also the question “Do you sleep and eat meals on a regular schedule, and at approximately the same times each day?”. Data for the study included participants from 5 continents. The depression and anxiety level was based on the DSM-5 [The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Volume 5] criteria. The depression was classified according to DSM-5 into 4 categories as none (0–6), mild (7–10), moderate (11–19) or severe (20 or more). Anxiety was classified as none (0–4), mild (5–8), moderate (9–12) and severe (13 or more). Results The group was divided among those that reported regularity and those that don't. Among the group that reported regularity they had n = 4900 participants, average age was 47.6 SD 17.4, the depression average was 7.74, SD 7.04. Anxiety average 4.2, SD 4.1, EQ average of 112.2, SD 17. The group that reported was irregular they had 3352 participants, average age was 43.2 SD 16.7, the depression average of that group was 13.5, SD 7.7. Anxiety average was 7.1, SD 4.5, EQ 100.5, SD 17.3. Conclusions It seems regularity habits have an effect on mental health and it seems to have also an effect on emotional intelligence. This should be further researched as a possible preventive and treatment intervention for mental health. Funding Sources Self funded.

Angststörungen – von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Timo D. Vloet ◽  
Marcel Romanos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Nach 12 Jahren Entwicklung wird die 11. Version der International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) im Januar 2022 in Kraft treten. Methodik: Im Rahmen eines selektiven Übersichtsartikels werden die Veränderungen im Hinblick auf die Klassifikation von Angststörungen von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11 zusammenfassend dargestellt. Ergebnis: Die diagnostischen Kriterien der generalisierten Angststörung, Agoraphobie und spezifischen Phobien werden angepasst. Die ICD-11 wird auf Basis einer Lebenszeitachse neu organisiert, sodass die kindesaltersspezifischen Kategorien der ICD-10 aufgelöst werden. Die Trennungsangststörung und der selektive Mutismus werden damit den „regulären“ Angststörungen zugeordnet und können zukünftig auch im Erwachsenenalter diagnostiziert werden. Neu ist ebenso, dass verschiedene Symptomdimensionen der Angst ohne kategoriale Diagnose verschlüsselt werden können. Diskussion: Die Veränderungen im Bereich der Angsterkrankungen umfassen verschiedene Aspekte und sind in der Gesamtschau nicht unerheblich. Positiv zu bewerten ist die Einführung einer Lebenszeitachse und Parallelisierung mit dem Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Schlussfolgerungen: Die entwicklungsbezogene Neuorganisation in der ICD-11 wird auch eine verstärkte längsschnittliche Betrachtung von Angststörungen in der Klinik sowie Forschung zur Folge haben. Damit rückt insbesondere die Präventionsforschung weiter in den Fokus.

Diagnoses, Dimensions, and DSM-5

2010 ◽  
pp. 254-279
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Widiger ◽  
Maryanne Edmundson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III) is often said to have provided a significant paradigm shift in how psychopathology is diagnosed. The authors of DSM-5 have the empirical support and the opportunity to lead the field of psychiatry to a comparably bold new future in diagnosis and classification. The purpose of this chapter is to address the validity of the categorical and dimensional models for the classification and diagnosis of psychopathology. Considered in particular will be research concerning substance use disorders, mood disorders, and personality disorders. Limitations and concerns with respect to a dimensional classification of psychopathology are also considered. The chapter concludes with a recommendation for a conversion to a more quantitative, dimensional classification of psychopathology.

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