Assessment of Co-occurring Psychiatric Disorders

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-160
Author(s):  
Dennis C. Daley ◽  
Antoine Douaihy
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Concerned Significant Others

Co-occurring disorders (CODs) refers to the occurrence of both a substance use disorder (SUD) and a psychiatric disorder, such as mood disorder, anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, eating disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and borderline personality disorder. This chapter reviews the prevalence, patterns, and effects of CODs. Next, the relationships between psychiatric disorders and SUDs, challenges for practitioners, and types and causes of psychiatric disorders are discussed. The chapter continues with the process of conducting a comprehensive and thorough assessment using the format of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). The authors also discuss the importance of conveying assessment findings to the client and/or family and concerned significant others, as well as getting the client to accept help.

scholarly journals Evaluation of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in relation to smartphone use

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carly A. Kempf ◽  
Kimberly A. Ehrhard ◽  
Steven C. Stoner
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Smartphone Use

Abstract Introduction The use of smartphones throughout the United States continues to rise. Although smartphones have increased our capacity to access information, there is concern if excessive use may impact mental health. The purpose of this study was to examine whether a relationship exists between smartphone use and the presence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) or behaviors. Methods A 33-item online survey was developed with 19 items relating to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A survey response was considered positive for possible OCS if participants answered at least 3 questions as Most of the time or All of the time for the OCD-related questions structured around the DSM-5 criteria for OCD while also using their smartphone for greater than 2 or more hours per day. Results A total of 308 of 550 subjects identified spending 2 or more hours on their smartphone per day and also answered positively on 3 or more questions designed to identify OCS. A statistically significant difference was discovered between those who used their smartphone for 2 or more hours per day and those who met 3 or more positive criteria for OCS compared to those who used their smartphone less than 2 hours per day (P < .00001). Discussion The results of this study demonstrate a possible relationship between smartphone use and OCS. Additional research needs to be conducted to further investigate these results to determine their significance in clinical practice.

Incompleteness and Harm Avoidance in OCD

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Pallanti ◽  
Jennifer Barnes ◽  
Christopher Pittenger ◽  
Jane Eisen
Keyword(s):  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Substantial Fraction ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Not Just Right Experiences ◽  
Core Features

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been traditionally linked with the motivational dimension of harm avoidance (HA). However, there is increasing evidence for the involvement of a second core dimension, referred to as Incompleteness (INC) or “not just right experiences” (NJREs), in a substantial fraction of patients. INC-driven compulsions are typically driven by feelings of discomfort or tension, rather than by anxiety. Appreciation of the importance of INC in OCD is one of the factors that motivated the movement of OCD out of the Anxiety Disorders chapter and into its own grouping in the latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5). Both dimensions seem to contribute to OCD symptomatology, thus representing core features underlying the disorder. In this chapter, the differential roles and neural substrates of HA and INC are discussed, together with the consequent theoretical and clinical implications.

scholarly journals A case of clozapine-induced skin picking behaviour

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. e000012
Author(s):  
Balaswamy Reddy ◽  
Soumitra Das ◽  
Srinivas Guruprasad
Keyword(s):  
American Psychiatric Association ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Dose Titration ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Skin Picking ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Skin Picking Disorder

There is some evidence consistently linking the occurrence of de novo obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) with clozapine. This skin-picking disorder is also known as impulsive-compulsive disorder-unspecified which with an increasing convergence with OCD has been placed in the current Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-fifth edition by American Psychiatric Association (DSM-5), in the category of the obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. To the best of our knowledge, there is no literature relating antipsychotics like clozapine with the occurrence of skin-picking behaviour. In this article, we present a case in whom skin-picking behaviour emerged during the upward dose titration of clozapine and was successfully treated with escitalopram.

scholarly journals Count Olaf’s Antisocial Personality Disorder in Handler’s a Series of Unfortunate Events

Lexicon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadhilah Atikah
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Central Character ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Descriptive Method

This research discusses the psychological condition of the central character of Daniel Handler’s novel The Series of Unfortunate Events. The focus on this research is to identify and analyze Count Olaf’s personality disorder.This research applies psychological theory from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV-TR). To support the analysis, the library research method and analytical descriptive method are applied alongside with supported articles, interviews, and reliable website.The result of this research shows that Count Olaf has a personality disorder called antisocial personality disorder. Antisocial personality disorder is also known as psychopathy, sociopathy, or dyssocial personality.

Lamotrigine-induced obsessive-compulsive disorder in patients with bipolar disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 390-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verinder Sharma ◽  
Minakshi Doobay
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5

IntroductionLamotrigine is a commonly used drug in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Although there are reports of its effectiveness in the management of bipolar disorder and comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), lamotrigine has also been associated with obsessionality in patients with bipolar disorder.MethodsCharts of 8 patients with bipolar disorder who had de novo onset of obsessions and compulsions after the use of lamotrigine were reviewed. The Naranjo scale was used to assess the likelihood of patients developing OCD due to lamotrigine use.ResultsTwo to 8 months after the initiation of lamotrigine, patients with no such prior history developed obsessions and compulsions meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for medication-induced OCD. In all except 1 patient, the symptoms resolved within a month of lamotrigine discontinuation.ConclusionsSome patients with bipolar disorder may develop OCD after initiation of lamotrigine. Due to the inherent limitations of a case series, the findings should be interpreted with caution.

Does Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Belong Within the Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum?

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 467-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi A. Fineberg ◽  
Punita Sharma ◽  
Thanusha Sivakumaran ◽  
Barbara Sahakian ◽  
Sam Chamberlain
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder ◽  
Genetic Contributions

ABSTRACTIt has been proposed that certainDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth EditionAxis I disorders share overlapping clinical features, genetic contributions, and treatment response and fall within an “obsessive-compulsive” spectrum. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) resembles obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and other spectrum disorders in terms of phenomenology, comorbidity, neurocognition, and treatment response.This article critically examines the nosological profile of OCPD with special reference to OCD and related disorders. By viewing OCPD as a candidate member of the obsessive-compulsive spectrum, we gain a fresh approach to understanding its neurobiology, etiology, and potential treatments.

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