Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome

2018 ◽  
pp. 145-212
Author(s):  
Olivier Walusinski
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
The Subject

This chapter opens with a summary of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome as it is currently understood, then presents the lesson given by Gilles de la Tourette in 1899 on the subject. This lesson is indicative of the necessary perspicacity for isolating the pathology from “the choreas,” a catch-all term in Gilles de la Tourette’s day for abnormal movements. Initiated by the translation of an article by the American alienist Beard describing the “Jumpers of Maine,” Gilles de la Tourette’s work can be situated along a timeline that included errors and missing elements up to its publication in 1885. Also highlighted are Charcot’s role in this nosographical study, as well as the hidden contribution of Georges Guinon. The reception by European and American neurologists of this entity’s isolation concludes the analysis of this seminal work, which led to the now-famous eponym.

On the Function, Utility, and Fragility of the Nose

Nuncius ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-51
Author(s):  
Mariacarla Gadebusch Bondio
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
The South ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
The Subject

This paper presents how rhinoplasty as a surgical technique with a particular social impact developed, and how motivated patients and courageous surgeons contributed to the process before Gaspare Tagliacozzi published his seminal work De curtorum chirurgia in 1597. The few sources that provide evidence of people having their noses reconstructed enable us to understand how this technique gradually spread across Europe from the south of Italy northwards. They also give information about the fate of some individual patients and their surgeons. While patients considered rhinoplasty a painful but worthwhile procedure, liberating them from having to wear a prosthesis, scholars’ and physicians’ opinions on the subject were polarized.

The Genesis of Reconciliation: The Reconciliation of Genesis

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Amos
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Work ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe article begins by explaining the reason for the author's selection of the motif of reconciliation as a key to understanding Genesis in missional terms. She draws attention to the fact that though 'reconciliation' is often linked to mission, in reality the theological connections between mission and reconciliation are not always clearly spelt out. Additionally Robert Schreiter's seminal work on the subject has largely ignored the Old Testament.The article then identifies the key episodes in Genesis where reconciliation is explored, that between Jacob and Esau and that between Joseph and his brothers. She draws attention to the way that these two scenes are in effect the climax of a motif which has run through the entire book, the relationship between 'pairs', and particularly between brothers. The article suggests that the theme of reconciliation as it is explored in Genesis offers a significant challenge to a too ready focus on particularity.

P01-332-Successful treatment of 23 patients with tourette syndrome with escalating doses of olanzapine + citalopram + high dose vitamin B6

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 334-334
Author(s):  
K.K. Pirkalani ◽  
Z. Talaee Rad
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Serotonin Receptor ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
High Dose Vitamin

ObjectiveTo find more effective combinations for resistant and refractory tic disorders and to evaluate scheduled escalation of three drugs including high dose Vitamin B6 in psychiatric patients.MethodsTwenty three adult patients (20 male, 3 female) with resistant Tourette syndrome were enrolled to this trial. They showed non compliance to different previous regimens including classic antipsychotics and newer dopamine/serotonin receptor antagonists. Mean age was 27yrs, global social functioning was impaired in all and substantially in 50%. Major depression and anxiety were encountered in 78 and 69% respectively as studied by way of MCMI-III and Hamilton.ResultsAfter six weeks, twenty patients improved substantially with 80–90% reduction of abnormal movements as judged by the physician in charge and first degree relatives. Depression and anxiety also improved by at least 60% and global functioning improved much as patients felt better in work, social activities, parties and relation to the opposite sex. Maximal tolerated dose of the three drugs were 12.5, 40 and 400 mg respectively. Three patients exhibited extra pyramidal signs that responded to addition of Biperiden and 10 showed some numbness and dysphoria some times during treatment for which the doses were reduced. Most patients could maintain good functioning at lower doses of 5–7.5, 20 and 240 mg or less respectively.ConclusionWe conclude that this combination in addition to scheduled escalation is extremely effective with enough compliance. Scheduled escalation causes better patients commitment as the drug increments planned and a necessity of treatment and not merely due to refractory disease.

‘Obsessions' in children with autism or Asperger syndrome

1999 ◽  
Vol 175 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Baron-Cohen ◽  
Sally Wheelwright
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Folk Psychology ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Autism Spectrum Conditions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Folk Physics ◽  
Free Theory ◽  
The Subject

BackgroundWe report a survey of the content of obsessions in children with autism spectrum conditions. We use the term obsessions' narrowly, to indicate strong, repetitive interests. We predicted that obsessions would not cluster randomly, but rather would occur significantly more often in the domain of ‘folk physics' (an interest in how things work), and significantly less often in the domain of ‘folk psychology’ (an interest in how people work). These predictions were tested relative to a control group of 33 children with Tourette syndrome.AimsTo examine the content of autistic obsessions, and to test the theory that these reflect an evolved cognitive style of good folk physics alongside impaired folk psychology.MethodNinety-two parents returned a questionnaire designed to determine the subject of their child's obsessional interests. The results were analysed in terms of core domains of cognition.ResultsBoth predictions were confirmed.ConclusionsThese results suggest that impaired folk psychology and superior folk physics are part of the cognitive phenotype of autism. A content-free theory of obsessions is inadequate.

scholarly journals Potential Plasma Metabolic Biomarkers of Tourette Syndrome Discovery Based on Integrated Non-Targeted and Targeted Metabolomics Screening

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leying Xi ◽  
Fuqiong Zhou ◽  
Huan Sha ◽  
Weina Zhu ◽  
Xueling Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pipecolic Acid ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
Potential Biomarkers ◽  
Validation Experiments

Abstract Background Tourette syndrome (TS) is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder, characterized by abnormal movements and phonations, tics, but accurate TS diagnosis remains challenging and indeed depends on its description of clinical symptoms. Our study was to identify some metabolites biomarkers based on non-targeted and targeted metabolomics. Methods We conducted untargeted ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography -quadrupole time-off light mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) for preliminary screening of potential biomarkers from 30 TS patients and 10 healthy controls. And then performed validation experiments based on targeted ultra-high-performance liquid Chromatography-Triple Quadrupole-MS (UHPLC/MS/MS).Results 1775 differentially metabolites were identified by partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), fold change analysis, T-tests, and hierarchical clustering analysis (Adjusted p-value < 0.05 and |logFC| >1). TS plasma samples were found differentiated from healthy samples in our approach. Further, the aspartate and asparagine metabolism pathway was considered as a significant enrichment pathway in TS progression based on the metabolite pathway enrichment analysis. For the 8 metabolites involved in this pathway that we detected, we then performed validation experiments based on targeted UHPLC/MS/MS from 35 TS patients and 14 healthy controls. T-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used to determine potential biomarkers. Ultimately, L-Arginine and L-Pipecolic acid were validated as significantly differentiated metabolites (p<0.05) with an AUC of 70% and 87%.Conclusions L-Arginine and L-Pipecolic acid were defined as potential biomarkers for TS diagnosis by the combined application of non-targeted and targeted metabolomics analysis.

scholarly journals Interpretation – Artistic Reproduction – Translatability. Theoretical Queries

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Judit Pieldner
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Artistic Expression ◽  
Literary Interpretation ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Truth And Method

AbstractAlong Wolfgang Iser’s considerations-formulated in his work entitled The Range of Interpretation-we can speak about translation whenever a shift of levels/registers takes place. Literary interpretation is essentially an act of translation. As Iser points out, the register to which interpretation translates always depends on the subject matter that is translated. Translation does not repeat its subject matter, making it redundant, but transposes it into another register while the subject matter itself is also tailored by the interpretive register. The presentation aims to discuss the question of translatability in relation to the hermeneutical concept of application, and proposes to rethink the issue of change of the medium of artistic expression in the light of the concept of artistic reproduction as posited by Hans-Georg Gadamer’s hermeneutics in his seminal work Truth and Method.

Words

PMLA ◽  
1935 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1320-1327
Author(s):  
Colbert Searles
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Assistant Professor ◽  
The Subject

THE germ of that which follows came into being many years ago in the days of my youth as a university instructor and assistant professor. It was generated by the then quite outspoken attitude of colleagues in the “exact sciences”; the sciences of which the subject-matter can be exactly weighed and measured and the force of its movements mathematically demonstrated. They assured us that the study of languages and literature had little or nothing scientific about it because: “It had no domain of concrete fact in which to work.” Ergo, the scientific spirit was theirs by a stroke of “efficacious grace” as it were. Ours was at best only a kind of “sufficient grace,” pleasant and even necessary to have, but which could, by no means ensure a reception among the elected.

Artificial satellite orbit computations

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 363-371
Author(s):  
P. Sconzo
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Satellite ◽  
Satellite Orbit ◽  
Artificial Satellites ◽  
Orbital Elements ◽  
Differential Correction ◽  
Gravitational Effects ◽  
Short Intervals ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Introductory Discussion ◽  
Orbit Computation

In this paper an orbit computation program for artificial satellites is presented. This program is operational and it has already been used to compute the orbits of several satellites.After an introductory discussion on the subject of artificial satellite orbit computations, the features of this program are thoroughly explained. In order to achieve the representation of the orbital elements over short intervals of time a drag-free perturbation theory coupled with a differential correction procedure is used, while the long range behavior is obtained empirically. The empirical treatment of the non-gravitational effects upon the satellite motion seems to be very satisfactory. Numerical analysis procedures supporting this treatment and experience gained in using our program are also objects of discussion.

C. Wire Cabling for Telescope Systems

1966 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 159-161
Keyword(s):  
The Subject ◽  
Data Multiplexing

Rule: I'd like at this point to bring up the subject of cables and wireways around the telescope. We've touched upon this twice during previous sessions: the cable wrap up problem, the communications problem, and data multiplexing problem. I think we'll ask Bill Baustian if he will give us a brief run down on what the electrical run problems are, besides doubling the system every year.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

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