Postpartum Mental Health Disorders: A Casebook

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Group for the Advancement of Ps... Committee on Gender and Mental Health
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Care Physician ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Postpartum Mental Health ◽  
Postpartum Disorders ◽  
Health Disorders

Postpartum Mental Health Disorders: A Casebook describes the recognition and management of psychiatric disorders that present in the postpartum period. Case vignettes illustrate the type of complaints that may present to the psychiatrist, primary care physician, obstetrician, nurse practitioner, doula, or other health care professionals. Chapters cover depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, psychotic disorders, bipolar disorders, posttraumatic stress disorders, personality disorders, and drug abuse. Each chapter includes information about differential and provisional diagnoses, epidemiology, treatment, and prognosis with advice as to when to refer to a specialist. More general chapters address risk factors for developing postpartum disorders, prevention, and the uses and safety of psychotropic medication during breastfeeding. Two frequently used screening questionnaires are included with instructions as to use. Some key references or links are included.

Mortality Associated with Incident Mental Health Disorders After Stroke

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo P. Almeida ◽  
Jianguo Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Australian Community ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Disorders

Objective: Sparse information is currently available about the incidence of the major psychiatric syndromes following a stroke and their long-term contribution to morbidity and mortality. This study was designed to determine: (1) the incidence of first ever mental health disorder in amongst stroke patients; (2) the 10-year mortality associated with incident post-stroke mental health disorders. Methods: Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Entire Western Australian community. Participants: First-ever stroke in 1990. Subjects with a prior recorded history of any mental health disorder were excluded from the study. Main outcomes of interest: Incident mental health diagnoses and 10-year mortality. Results: 1,129 hospital stroke contacts were recorded in 1990, with 21 people dying on the same day of contact. Between 1990-2002 36.6% of the survivors received a mental health diagnosis (6.1 per 1,000 person-years): alcohol-related disorders (16.2%), dementia (12.1%), delirium (7.6%), psychotic disorders (6.7%), and depression (5.5%). Mental health disorder onset was usually within 6 months of the stroke. Patients with an incident psychotic disorder were twice as likely to die during the subsequent 10 years as post-stroke controls with no mental health disorder (risk ratio = 2.03, 95%CI = 1.39-2.95). Being a widow (HR = 1.61, 95%CI = 1.13-2.30) or having been born in ‘other countries’ as opposed to Australia (HR = 1.56, 95%CI = 1.15-2.11) was also associated with increased death hazard. Conclusions: Approximately 1 in 3 patients develop a mental health disorder after stroke, although incidence estimates are relatively low. Post-stroke psychosis is associated with greater 10-year mortality, but the mechanisms underlying such an association are yet to be determined.

scholarly journals RUANG INTERAKTIF BEBAS STRES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 551
Author(s):  
Arif Suhardi Lambong ◽  
Martin Halim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Third Space ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The City

In this time every person competes to get what is expected both in terms of material and non material, which is where most are obtained in the process of working, so that in addition to spending a lot of time at home, also spending a lot of time mostly at work, in other words the community only spends most of their time either to do activities and interact in both of these places, which has become a daily routine. With this condition, the majority of urban communities, especially the city of Jakarta, have less free time for vacations and socializing outside working hours, so this condition is one of the causes of mental health disorders in urban communities. The problem of mental health disorders in the form of stress is closely related to the community. urban, in addition to the high intensity of working in urban communities that can cause stress, as for urban problems that can trigger it ranging from family problems to congestion.In this condition, this is the task of an architect who can provide an activity room for the community by providing a third space as a solution in the form of healing of people with stress disorders, with the third space presented in the form of a building design with programs or facilities that are appropriate and appropriate to the problem stress by creating a stress relieve interactive space.    AbstrakDi masa sekarang ini setiap orang berlomba lomba untuk mendapatkan apa yang diharapkan baik dari segi materil maupun non materil, yang di mana sebagian besar didapatkan dalam proses bekerja, sehingga selain menghabiskan banyak waktu di tempat tinggal, juga banyak menghabiskan waktu sebagian besar pada tempat kerja, dengan kata lain masyarakat tersebut hanya menghabiskan sebagian besar waktu mereka baik untuk beraktivitas dan berinteraksi dikedua tempat tersebut, yang dimana ini sudah menjadi rutinitas yang dijalani sehari hari. Dengan adanya kondisi tersebut membuat sebagian besar masyarakat perkotaan khususnya kota Jakarta kurang memiliki waktu luang untuk berlibur dan bersosialisasi di luar jam kerja, sehingga kondisi ini menjadi salah satu penyebab munculnya gangguan kesehatan mental pada masyarakat perkotaan, masalah gangguan kesehatan mental berupa stres ini erat kaitannya dengan masyarakat perkotaan, selain karena tingginya intensitas bekerja masyarakat perkotaan yang dapat menyebabkan munculnya stres, adapun masalah-masalah perkotaan yang dapat memicu hal tersebut mulai dari masalah keluarga hingga kemacetan. Dalam kondisi ini disinilah tugas seorang arsitek yang dimana dapat memberikan ruang aktivitas untuk masyarakat dengan memberikan ruang ketiga sebagai solusi berupa penyembuhan terhadap masyarakat dengan gangguan stres, dengan itu ruang ketiga yang dihadirkan  dalam berupa desain sebuah bangunan dengan program atau fasilitas yang sesuai dan tepat terhadap masalah stres tersebut dengan menciptakan sebuah ruang interaktif bebas stres. 

Aviation mental disorders – An in-flight case of mania

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S426-S426
Author(s):  
A. Ribeirinho Marques ◽  
M. Veludo Chai ◽  
P. Cintra ◽  
V. Gonçalves ◽  
D. Esteves de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Manic State ◽  
Health Disorders

IntroductionDue to recent aviation accidents, like German Wings flight 9525, aviation related mental health disorders have recently received much attention. Several psychological disorders have been associated with aviation ever since its beginning, both in passengers and aviation professionals. A clinical case is revised of a 33 years old air hostess, without previous psychiatric history, who was admitted twice in a manic state, and a third time abroad in Nice, France, after prolonged sleep privation due to consecutive transatlantic flights.ObjectivesScientific revision of psychological disorders in passengers (flight related psychological stress, flight phobia, post-traumatic stress disorders after plane crashes…), aviation professionals (mood changes, sexual function disorders, jet lag, sleep disorders), ground staff, and populations living within close distance to airports (burnout, circadian rhythms disorders due to high noise levels…).MethodsResearch in Pubmed, Medscape, scientific literature and other publications, with the following research terms: aviation related mental health disorders, flight related psychological disorders, flight phobia, aerophobia, aviophobia, flight related anxiety, flight related mood disorders, flight induced mania, psychological stress and air travel; articles in English, Portuguese and Spanish.ResultsFifty-eight articles, one book and four publications were considered relevant; the case of the patient is thoroughly described with data retrieved from the clinical file.ConclusionsSeveral important issues concerning both mental and physical health are highlighted by this clinical case, yet, surprisingly, scientific knowledge has progressed at a rather slow pace and mental health professionals have not given much attention to this issue.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The effect of relaxation techniques and trigger points therapy on stress reduction of patients with mental health disorders in a Greek hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S615-S615
Author(s):  
G. Lyrakos ◽  
D. Menti ◽  
I. Spyropoulos ◽  
V. Spinaris
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Trigger Points ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Health Disorders

BackgroundPatients with mental health disorders usually suffer from high stress levels. Trigger points therapy has been shown to be very effective in providing prompt relief from stress in these patients.AimTo investigate the effect of the combined use of relaxation techniques and trigger points therapy on stress levels of patients with mental health disorders.MethodThirty-one patients participated in this study, 14 (45.2%) males and 17 (54.8%) females, with a mean age of 39. Out of them, 10 (32.3%) suffered from anxiety disorders, 6 (19.4%) from obsessive compulsive disorder, 10 (32.3%) from depression and 5 (16.1%) from chronic condition stress. Data analysis was conducted with t-test analysis and ANOVA, using the SPSS software.ResultsThe findings revealed significant differences on stress levels before and after the use of relaxation techniques and trigger points therapy as t(30) = 18.316, P < 0.0001. Before the use of relaxation techniques and trigger points therapy, individuals reported higher stress levels (M = 6.129, SD = 1.087) compared to after the therapy (M = 1.741, SD = .889). Moreover, significant differences were found in stress reduction with regard to psychiatric illnesses (F(3,27) = 5.027, P = 0.007). More specifically, individuals with depression reported lower reductions in their stress levels after the therapy compared to both those with chronic condition stress (M = –2.1, SD = 0.61, P = 0.013) and anxiety disorders (M = –1.4, SD = 0.503, P = 0.05).ConclusionThe findings of this study highlight the importance of using trigger points therapy, combined with relaxation techniques, to reduce stress levels of patients with mental health disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Disorder Agnostic Network Structure of Psychopathology Symptoms in Youth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Wang ◽  
Brandy Lamm ◽  
Benjamin Cherian ◽  
Wales T. George ◽  
Rose Mary Xavier
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Graphical Model ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Psychopathology Symptoms

Youth mental health disorders are strong predictors of adult mental health disorders. Early identification of mental health conditions in youth is thus important as it could aid early intervention and/or prevention. In a disorder agnostic manner, in this study we aimed to identify the most influential psychopathology symptoms that could impact mental health in youth. The study sample of 9,498 subjects came from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort and comprised youth between the ages of 8-21 years. A mixed graphical model was used to estimate the network structure of 115 symptom variables corresponding to 16 psychopathology domains. Node influence was determined using strength centrality and predictability. The generated network had stronger associations between symptoms of the same disorder; overall had no negative associations. Two conduct disorder symptoms eliciting threatening someone and rule-breaking had the greatest strength centralities. Fear of traveling in a car and compulsively going in and out a door had the largest predictability values. Conduct disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms generally had the largest strength centralities and are influential domains that could be used to screen youth for onset or transition to mental health disorders. Suicidal thoughts had the largest bridge strength centrality and could be used to identify presence of comorbid psychopathologies. Demographic subgroup networks revealed that network connectivity patterns differed only by sex but was not significant for age, race, and socioeconomic groups. Psychopathology symptom networks offer insights that could be leveraged for early identification, intervention and possibly prevention in mental health disorders.

scholarly journals Internet- and Mobile-Based Psychological Interventions: Applications, Efficacy, and Potential for Improving Mental Health

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Ebert ◽  
Tom Van Daele ◽  
Tine Nordgreen ◽  
Maria Karekla ◽  
Angelo Compare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
European Federation ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Treatments ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract. The majority of mental health disorders remain untreated. Many limitations of traditional psychological interventions such as limited availability of evidence-based interventions and clinicians could potentially be overcome by providing Internet- and mobile-based psychological interventions (IMIs). This paper is a report of the Taskforce E-Health of the European Federation of Psychologists’ Association and will provide an introduction to the subject, discusses areas of application, and reviews the current evidence regarding the efficacy of IMIs for the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. Meta-analyses based on randomized trials clearly indicate that therapist-guided stand-alone IMIs can result in meaningful benefits for a range of indications including, for example, depression, anxiety, insomnia, or posttraumatic stress disorders. The clinical significance of results of purely self-guided interventions is for many disorders less clear, especially with regard to effects under routine care conditions. Studies on the prevention of mental health disorders (MHD) are promising. Blended concepts, combining traditional face-to-face approaches with Internet- and mobile-based elements might have the potential of increasing the effects of psychological interventions on the one hand or to reduce costs of mental health treatments on the other hand. We also discuss mechanisms of change and the role of the therapist in such approaches, contraindications, potential limitations, and risk involved with IMIs, briefly review the status of the implementation into routine health care across Europe, and discuss confidentiality as well as ethical aspects that need to be taken into account, when implementing IMIs. Internet- and mobile-based psychological interventions have high potential for improving mental health and should be implemented more widely in routine care.

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