Anogenital lumps and bumps

2020 ◽  
pp. 1613-1621
Author(s):  
Henry J.C. de Vries ◽  
Charles J.N. Lacey
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Skin Layer ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Anogenital Region

Anogenital lesions can be related to sexually transmitted infections, physiological variants that worry the patient, or dermatological conditions unrelated to infection. The clinical diagnostic approach is based on the colour of the lesion and the skin layer involved (epidermis, dermis, or subcutaneous fat compartment). A strong element of pattern recognition is involved in accurate diagnosis. This can only be learnt with experience, but is essential for determination of appropriate treatment. In this chapter the most common anogenital dermatological diagnoses are discussed using an approach based on the colour of the lesion and the skin layer involved. Many of these infections are asymptomatic, enabling ongoing transmission. Some sexually transmitted infections cause symptoms, especially in the anogenital region, and therefore need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with anogenital lesions.

Diseases of the Vulva

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huma Farid ◽  
Catherine Nosal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Lichen Sclerosus ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Vulvar Pain ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy

Vulvar symptoms are a common reason for a gynecologic visit. A variety of conditions impact the vulva, including dermatologic conditions, hormonal changes, vulvar pain, and sexually transmitted or other infections. History and physical exam, focused on the symptoms and the vulvovaginal area, are crucial to identifying the etiology of the symptoms. A full evaluation may include vulvar biopsies and testing for infections. The treatment of the symptoms depends on the etiology; therefore, an accurate and thorough determination of the cause of the patient’s symptoms is of primary importance. Treatment can include antibiotics, antifungals, steroids, antidepressants, hormones, and pelvic floor physical therapy. In this chapter, we summarize common conditions affecting the vulvar, their evaluation, and their treatment. This review contains 7 figures, 10 tables, and 40 references. Key Words: Bartholin gland, candidiasis, dermatitis, eczema, hidradenitis suppurativa, lichen planus, lichen sclerosus, sexually transmitted infections, vulva, vulvodynia, vulvovaginal atrophy

Diseases of the Vulva

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huma Farid ◽  
Catherine Nosal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Lichen Sclerosus ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Vulvar Pain ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy

Vulvar symptoms are a common reason for a gynecologic visit. A variety of conditions impact the vulva, including dermatologic conditions, hormonal changes, vulvar pain, and sexually transmitted or other infections. History and physical exam, focused on the symptoms and the vulvovaginal area, are crucial to identifying the etiology of the symptoms. A full evaluation may include vulvar biopsies and testing for infections. The treatment of the symptoms depends on the etiology; therefore, an accurate and thorough determination of the cause of the patient’s symptoms is of primary importance. Treatment can include antibiotics, antifungals, steroids, antidepressants, hormones, and pelvic floor physical therapy. In this chapter, we summarize common conditions affecting the vulvar, their evaluation, and their treatment. This review contains 7 figures, 10 tables, and 40 references. Key Words: Bartholin gland, candidiasis, dermatitis, eczema, hidradenitis suppurativa, lichen planus, lichen sclerosus, sexually transmitted infections, vulva, vulvodynia, vulvovaginal atrophy

scholarly journals Syndromes Associated with Sexually Transmitted Infections

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Chernesky ◽  
David Patrick ◽  
Rosanna Peeling
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Laboratory Services ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Enteric Infections ◽  
Genital Ulcers ◽  
Microbial Agents

Excellent technologies have been developed to identify the specific microbial agents of chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes, chancroid, trichomoniasis, human papillomavirus and HIV infection. However, it is also crucial to recognize syndromes that may be caused by one or more sexually transmitted pathogens. When laboratory services are lacking or are inadequate to provide timely results to enable appropriate treatment, some patients must be managed and treated syndromically. Most Canadian laboratories should be able to provide diagnostic services to determine the etiology of syndromes such as cervicitis, urethritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, prostatitis, genital ulcers, sexually transmitted infection (STI)-related enteric infections, epididymitis, hepatitis, ophthalmia neonatorum, vulvovaginitis and vaginosis.

Diseases of the Vulva

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huma Farid ◽  
Catherine Nosal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽  
Lichen Sclerosus ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Vulvar Pain ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy

Vulvar symptoms are a common reason for a gynecologic visit. A variety of conditions impact the vulva, including dermatologic conditions, hormonal changes, vulvar pain, and sexually transmitted or other infections. History and physical exam, focused on the symptoms and the vulvovaginal area, are crucial to identifying the etiology of the symptoms. A full evaluation may include vulvar biopsies and testing for infections. The treatment of the symptoms depends on the etiology; therefore, an accurate and thorough determination of the cause of the patient’s symptoms is of primary importance. Treatment can include antibiotics, antifungals, steroids, antidepressants, hormones, and pelvic floor physical therapy. In this chapter, we summarize common conditions affecting the vulvar, their evaluation, and their treatment. This review contains 7 figures, 10 tables, and 40 references. Key Words: Bartholin gland, candidiasis, dermatitis, eczema, hidradenitis suppurativa, lichen planus, lichen sclerosus, sexually transmitted infections, vulva, vulvodynia, vulvovaginal atrophy

Preconceptional screening of sexually transmitted infections/diseases

Open Medicine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Bánhidy ◽  
Istvan Dudás ◽  
Andrew Czeizel
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Preconceptional Care ◽  
Vaginal Candidosis ◽  
Candida Colonisation

AbstractHungarian Preconceptional Care includes the preconceptional screening of sexually transmitted infections/disorders (STD) and vaginal candidosis of potential mothers and pyospermia of potential fathers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of this screening and treatment for the rate of preterm births. Clinical and subclinical vaginal candidiasis (asymptomatic candida colonisation), combination of STD and vaginal candidiasis, STD without vaginal candidiasis, finally women without STD and vaginal candidiasis as references were evaluated in 4,672 pregnant women. The association of STD in pregnant women with higher risk of preterm birth was confirmed. However, an association was also found between clinically diagnosed vaginal candidiasis, asymptomatic candida colonisation, and a higher risk for preterm births. This risk was reduced with clotrimazole treatment. However, pregnant women without recognized STD and/or vaginal candidiasis had a higher risk for preterm birth than pregnant women with STD or vaginal candidiasis after appropriate treatment. Thus the conclusion of the study is that the preconceptional screening of STD and vaginal candidiasis followed by appropriate treatment is important to prevent a certain part of preterm birth but it is necessary to improve the efficacy of the previously used methods for this screening.

Haemolacria: a case of pseudomembranous conjunctivitis in a neonate

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. e235110
Author(s):  
Michelle Marie Boffa ◽  
Amaris Spiteri
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Chlamydial Infection ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Appropriate Treatment

We report an unusual case of an 11-day-old neonate presenting with haemolacria on a background of sticky conjunctival discharge. This was secondary to Chlamydia pseudomembranous conjunctivitis which responded well to systemic erythromycin. Early appropriate treatment is important to prevent progression of the ophthalmic infection, which could lead to blindness, and to prevent other manifestations of neonatal chlamydial infection, particularly pneumonia, which could be fatal. Management also includes treating the mother and educating about sexually transmitted infections.

scholarly journals Differential Diagnosis of Hypoglycemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 484-492
Author(s):  
Young Sang Lyu ◽  
Jin Hwa Kim ◽  
Sang Yong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Treatment Strategy ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Approach ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Blood Testing ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Life Threatening

Hypoglycemia is common but can lead to life-threatening consequences. Accurate diagnosis is important to establish the appropriate treatment strategy. Most cases of hypoglycemia are caused by hypoglycemic agents, although it can occur in individuals without diabetes. A systemic and comprehensive diagnostic approach is required to diagnose hypoglycemia in patients without diabetes. It is important to perform appropriate blood testing during an episode of hypoglycemia. This review will focus on the definition, differential diagnosis, causes, and treatment of hypoglycemia, particularly in people without diabetes.

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