Psychiatry of the elderly

2017 ◽  
pp. 539-562
Author(s):  
Paul Harrison ◽  
Philip Cowen ◽  
Tom Burns ◽  
Mina Fazel
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Behavioural Interventions ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Normal Ageing

‘Psychiatry of the elderly’ covers the disorders which most affect older people. After an introduction to normal ageing and its psychological and biological correlates, the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in the elderly is outlined. The principles and practice of psychiatry of the elderly are then described, focusing on the major disorders (other than dementia, which was covered in Chapter 14). We summarise the main features of assessments, services, and treatments, and how these differ from younger age groups. The treatment and management of dementia is an important aspect of psychiatry in the elderly, and both pharmacological and behavioural interventions are covered in detail.

scholarly journals Lifecourse transitions, gender and drinking in later life

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLARE HOLDSWORTH ◽  
MARTIN FRISHER ◽  
MARINA MENDONÇA ◽  
CESAR DE OLIVEIRIA ◽  
HYNEK PIKHART ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Older People ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Frequent Consumption ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACTOlder people consume less alcohol than any other adult age group. However, in recent years survey data on alcohol consumption in the United Kingdom have shown that while younger age groups have experienced a decline in alcohol consumption, drinking behaviours among the elderly have not reduced in the same way. This paper uses data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing to analyse both the frequency and quantity of older adult's alcohol consumption using a lifecourse approach over a ten-year period. Overall drinking declined over time and the analysis examined how socio-economic characteristics, partnership, employment and health statuses were associated with differences in drinking behaviours and how these changed over time. Higher wealth and level of education were associated with drinking more and drinking more frequently for men and women. Poorer self-rated health was associated with less frequent consumption and older people with poor and deteriorating health reported a steeper decline in the frequency of alcohol consumption over time. Men who were not in a partnership drank more than other men. For women, loss of a partner was associated with a steeper decline in drinking behaviours. These findings have implications for programmes to promote responsible drinking among older adults as they suggest that, for the most part, characteristics associated with sustaining wellbeing in later life are also linked to consuming more alcohol.

scholarly journals Intra-individual variation in RMR in older people

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan R. D. Gibbons ◽  
C. Jeya K. Henry ◽  
Stanley J. Ulijaszek ◽  
Helen J. Lightowler
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Made In

In the factorial estimation of total energy expenditure it is assumed that the intra-individual variation in RMR is small. Little is known about the intra-individual variation in RMR in older subjects. The present study investigated the intra-individual variation in RMR in older people. Measurements of RMR were made in twenty-seven older subjects, mean age 71·6 (sd 6·1) years, on two separate occasions (T1 and T2) and on a third occasion (T3) in nineteen of the subjects. Measurements of height and weight were taken in all subjects. RMR measurements were made in the laboratory using a Deltatrac™ (ventilated-hood indirect calorimeter; Datex, Helsinki, Finland). All subjects had fasted overnight for 12h and refrained from strenuous exercise before measurements. The intra-individual CV in RMR (kJ/d) after T1 and T2 was 2·5% in women and 3·6% in men and was 2·6% in women and 3·4% in men after all three sets of measurements. Although mean RMR did not vary across T1, T2 and T3, there was significant ‘crossing tracks’ across the three measurement occasions in some individuals, reflecting a high degree of within-subject variability. The methods used had a significant measurement error associated with them (high R value; significant F ratio in three-way ANOVA). In conclusion, the results from the present study indicate that intra-individual variation in RMR was low in older people. The intra-individual variation in the elderly is similar to that seen in younger age groups.

scholarly journals Treatment of trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia in an adolescent: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiko Maeda ◽  
Kenzo Araki ◽  
Chiaki Yamada ◽  
Shoko Nakayama ◽  
Kazuhiro Shirozu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia ◽  
Neurovascular Compression ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Combined Features ◽  
The Right ◽  
Symptom Recurrence

Abstract Background Hyperactive dysfunction syndrome (HDS) refers to a constellation of symptoms developing from cranial nerve overactivity caused by neurovascular compression at the root entry or exit zone near the brainstem. Although the combined features of HDS are seen in the elderly, there are no reports of such cases in adolescents, to date. Case presentation A 17-year-old male was diagnosed with right glossopharyngeal neuralgia and treated with microvascular decompression. He experienced new-onset right facial pain later and was diagnosed with right trigeminal neuralgia, which required prompt radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the right mandibular nerve. Follow-up in the third post-treatment year revealed the absence of symptom recurrence. Discussion We report the treatment of a rare case of adolescent-onset combined HDS presenting as trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. This report highlights the possibility of combined hyperactive dysfunction syndrome in younger age groups. It is crucial to establish a diagnosis early on for prompt management.

scholarly journals Knowledge about mammography and associated factors: population surveys with female adults and elderly

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 930-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider ◽  
Marui Weber Corseuil ◽  
Antonio Fernando Boing ◽  
Eleonora d'Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Population Surveys ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Adjusted Model

The purpose of this paper is to describe the knowledge about mammography and to identify associated factors in female adults and elderly. Data were obtained from two population surveys, one with female adults and another with elderly women from Florianópolis (SC) in 2009 - 2010. A descriptive analysis of the variables was carried out, the appropriate mean of responses about mammography was estimated and crude and adjusted Poisson regression was conducted to identify associated factors. Among adults, 23.1% answered all of the questions appropriately and the appropriate average responses was 7.2 (95%CI 7.1 - 7.3) in a total of 9. In the adjusted model, older age, higher education and income were associated with knowledge about mammography. For the elderly, 15.3% answered all questions appropriately and the average of appropriate responses was 6.4 (95%CI 5.2 - 6.5) and the factors associated with knowledge about mammography in the adjusted model were younger age groups, increased education and income, and identification of mammography as the main diagnostic method for breast cancer. Information about mammography can neither be transmitted in a clear way nor be easily understood; there are also demographic and socioeconomic differences concerning the knowledge about the exam.

scholarly journals The Association Between Health Conditions, Consciousness, Involvement, and Knowledge and Dietary Supplement Intake among University Students in South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 4028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinkyung Choi
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Intention To Purchase ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Future ◽  
Supplement Intake

Dietary supplements (DSs) are typically used by the elderly in a population, but younger age groups are increasingly purchasing these products. In consideration of this issue, the present study investigated the DS-related behaviors and general lifestyles of university students in South Korea. The health conditions, consciousness, involvement, and knowledge, as well as the future behavioral intentions, of DS users and non-users were determined and compared. A survey was administered to the respondents, and measurements were adapted and rephrased to suit the Korean context. Results showed that although the behaviors of DS users and non-users were characterized by similar patterns, significant differences in health involvement and future purchase were found between these groups. Health involvement influenced DSs buying intentions in the future, but no significant differences in the other variables were found. The findings suggested that university students take DSs regardless of their expectations about their efficacy and that their knowledge does not affect their intention to purchase such products.

Clinical Course and Outcome of Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas in the Elderly Compared with Younger Age Groups

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyal Robenshtok ◽  
Carlos Benbassat ◽  
Dania Hirsch ◽  
Gloria Tzvetov ◽  
Zvi Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Younger Age

scholarly journals Comparative effectiveness of sitagliptin vs sulphonylureas in older people

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-732
Author(s):  
Manuj Sharma ◽  
Irwin Nazareth ◽  
Irene Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Multivariate Adjustment ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Multivariable Regression

Abstract Background two common anti-diabetic treatments used are sitagliptin and sulphonylureas however evidence examining their comparative effectiveness in older people is limited. Objective to evaluate effectiveness of sitagliptin vs sulphonylureas when added to metformin in older (aged ≥75) vs younger people (18–75). Design retrospective cohort study. Setting UK Primary Care. Subjects 2,904 individuals prescribed sitagliptin (223 aged≥75) and 13,683 prescribed sulphonylureas (1,725 aged ≥75). Methods multivariable regression to analyse difference in HbA1c and weight, 12 months after add-on initiation and proportion achieving different glycaemic targets. Results after multivariate adjustment to remove baseline differences, the HbA1c after 12 months of treatment was on average 1 mmol/mol (95%CI −0.7 to 2.8) higher with sitagliptin vs sulphonylureas in older people though this was not statistically significant. The weight however, was significantly lower −1.4 kg (95%CI −2.1 to −0.7) with sitagliptin vs sulphonylureas. A lower proportion prescribed sitagliptin vs sulphonylureas recorded HbA1c < 48 mmol/mol by study end: Odds Ratio 0.63 (95%CI 0.42–0.95). In younger people, similar HbA1c reductions were also observed with both treatments, however weight after 12 months was even lower with sitagliptin vs sulphonylureas: −2.3 kg (95%CI −2.5 to −2.0). Conclusions similar HbA1c reduction was observed when sitagliptin or sulphonylureas were added to metformin in older and younger age-groups. Sitagliptin use led to modest comparative weight loss. There may be greater risk of over-treatment with sulphonylureas evidenced by greater proportion recording HbA1c < 48 mmol/mol by study end. This evidence supporting use of sitagliptin when add-on therapy is selected in older adults should be considered alongside the wider evidence-base and patient-preference.

Age Identification in the Elderly: Some Theoretical Considerations

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven K. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Labeling Theory ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
New Model ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

Gerontologists have long noted the discrepancy between chronological age and a person's perception of age. Labeling theory suggests that older people who “feel young” are denying their age because of the stigma attached to the label “old.” When the empirical literature is reviewed, however, there is little actual evidence to support this notion. More apparent are the data that suggest “younger age feeling” represents various dimensions of physical, psychological, and social well-being. Gerontologists would do well to reconsider their earlier notions of age identification and construct a new model based upon the subjective expression of wellness in later years.

Schlechte Chancen ab 50? Übergänge älterer Arbeitsloser in Beschäftigung im Zeitvergleich

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-208
Author(s):  
Georg Sieglen
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Hazard Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Employment Rate ◽  
Rate Model ◽  
Administrative Records ◽  
Hazard Rate Model ◽  
Employment Probabilities

AbstractThroughout the last ten years the employment rate of older people has improved considerably. It can be assumed that the development was furthered by the removal of legal incentives for early retirement. This study analyses whether the probability of transiting from unemployment into employment has also changed for the elderly in Germany between 2000 and 2009. To assess this question we estimate a hazard rate model, using administrative records of individuals born between 1935 and 1974. Our results show that the employment probabilities of elderly people in particular increased between 2006 and 2009 relative to earlier years. However, we also find persistent differences in the employment probabilities across different age groups.

The Role of Electroconvulsive Therapy in the Treatment of Depressive Illness in Old Age

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Benbow
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Old Age Psychiatry ◽  
Temporary Memory

Electroconvulsive therapy is an important treatment in the depressive states of late life, and there is general agreement about the indications for its use in old age psychiatry. Indeed, old age may be associated with a better response to ECT than that in younger age groups. The additional risk involved through physical problems in the elderly is not great when compared with that of continuing depression and of the side-effects of alternative treatments. Temporary memory disorders and confusion may occur, but are minimised if unilateral electrode placement is used. Some patients treated with unilateral ECT do not respond, but will respond to bilateral treatment. Anxiety over unwanted treatment effects, which can lead to ineffective treatment of depressive illness, must be outweighed by knowledge of the dangers of leaving depression untreated in old age.

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