Red rashes and erythroderma

2020 ◽  
pp. 319-346
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Recurrent Infections ◽  
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome ◽  
Number Of Factors

Red rashes and erythroderma is the longest chapter in this handbook, covering a huge number of very varied presentations and diseases with cross referral to other chapters. It commences with psoriasis and its variants and then covers most of the red viral exanthems (skin rashes) seen in children (e.g. measles), with succinct clinical descriptions and many images. It goes on to describe infestations (e.g. scabies) and skin infections from fungal causes (e.g. Tinea or ringworm); bacterial (e.g. tuberculosis and leprosy); or spirochaetal (e.g. syphilis and Lyme disease). There are also rare skin diseases described including dietary insufficiency, Kawasaki disease, and mycosis fungoides and systemic diseases such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Management of the rare condition erythroderma is described and can be caused by a number of factors including many skin diseases such as psoriasis; infections such as staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and rarely in children, drugs. Finally, erythroderma, failure to thrive, and recurrent infections are briefly discussed.

Postlaryngectomy Pharyngocutaneous Fistula: Incidence, Predisposing Factors, and Therapy

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacopo Galli ◽  
Eugenio De Corso ◽  
Mariangela Volante ◽  
Giovanni Almadori ◽  
Gaetano Paludetti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Total Laryngectomy ◽  
Radical Neck Dissection ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Spontaneous Closure ◽  
Pharyngocutaneous Fistula ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Surgical Closure ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Wait And See

OBJECTIVE: The pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is a serious complication after total laryngectomy, and its etiology is not well understood yet. The aim of our study was to evaluate predisposing factors, incidence, and management of this complication. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a retrospective study of 268 patients who underwent total laryngectomy in our clinic (January 1990-December 2001). A number of factors potentially predisposing to PCF formation were evaluated. RESULTS: A PCF was observed in 16% of patients. Systemic diseases, previous radiotherapy, supraglottic origin of tumor, and concurrent radical neck dissection were significantly associated with PCF. Spontaneous closure was noted in 28 patients, whereas a surgical closure was necessary in 15 patients. CONCLUSIONS: In presence of a specific risk factor, PCF can be expected; nevertheless, its prevention remains very difficult. Moreover, given the high percentage of spontaneous closure, we suggest the “wait and see” approach for 28 days before proceeding with a surgical approach.

scholarly journals Idiopathic Sclerosing Encapsulating Peritonitis in a Patient with Atypical Symptoms and Imaging Findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Joseph Wetherell ◽  
Katherine Woolley ◽  
Rishi Chadha ◽  
Julia Kostka ◽  
Edin Adilovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Atypical Symptoms ◽  
Sclerosing Encapsulating Peritonitis ◽  
Encapsulating Peritonitis

Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis is a rare condition caused by a fibrotic membrane covering the small bowel which may lead to abdominal pain or obstruction. The cause may be primary and idiopathic or secondary to several diseases, treatments, and/or medications. The condition typically presents with bowel obstruction, and only one previous case has described ascites as the presenting sign. Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis is typically diagnosed intraoperatively. We present a case of a patient who presented with atypical clinical symptoms including respiratory distress, recurrent abdominal ascites, and failure to thrive who was diagnosed nonoperatively.

scholarly journals Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome in Healthy Infant

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1142-1150
Author(s):  
Anggia Perdana Harmen ◽  
Eny Yantri
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Epidermolysis Bullosa ◽  
Erythema Multiforme ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Chemical Burns ◽  
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome ◽  
Focus Of Infection ◽  
Blistering Skin Disorders

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) describes a spectrum of superficial blistering skin disorders caused by the exfoliative toxins of Staphylococcus aureus that originates from a focus of infection that may be a purulent conjunctivitis, otitis media, or occult nasopharyngeal infection. It usually begins with fever, irritability, and a generalized, paint, orange-red, macular erythema with cutaneous tenderness, and the rash progress from scarlatiniform to a blistering eruption in 24 to 48 hours. A diagnosis must distinguish SSSS from other skin diseases, such as toxic epidermal necrolysis, epidermolysis bullosa, bullous erythema multiforme, Streptococcal impetigo or listeriosis and thermal or chemical burns, all of which can manifest with similar symptoms. The prognosis of SSSS in children who are appropriately treated is good, with a mortality of less than 5%. A case was a three moths old boy hospitalized in Pediatric ward M. Djamil hospital with chief complain redness and peeling of the skin since 2 days before hospitalized. Culture of the skin, eyes and nose was Staphylococcus aureus, and patients was given ampicillin and gentamycin for seven days.

Patient with ataxia telangiectasia undergoing elective staging laparoscopy: a case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 2656-2658
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adeel Bashir ◽  
Huma Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Ataxia Telangiectasia ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Perioperative Management ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Staging Laparoscopy ◽  
Recurrent Infections ◽  
Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated ◽  
Atm Gene ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Condition ◽  
Insight Into

Ataxia telangiectasia is a rare autosomal recessive condition which develops due to a mutation in the ataxia telangiectasia mutated gene (ATM gene). As a result of this mutation, the ability of the DNA to undergo repair is undermined. The resulting cellular demise is responsible for the diverse presentation of the clinical condition. Neurological symptoms such as cerebellar ataxia, abnormal eye movements and malignancies occur commonly. Immunodeficiency predisposes these patients to recurrent infections. Perioperative management of patients with this rare condition can be associated with increased morbidity. Therefore, it is recommended that patients with ataxia telangiectasia should be managed in a multidisciplinary center, under the supervision of senior clinicians who have the insight into the clinical needs of such patients. We report herein, the perioperative management of a patient with Ataxia telangiectasia undergoing laparoscopic procedure. Continuous....

Combined occipitoatlantoaxial rotatory fixation

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Fusco ◽  
Todd C. Hankinson ◽  
Curtis J. Rozzelle
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Closed Reduction ◽  
Open Reduction ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Head Position ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Halo Traction ◽  
Counter Rotation ◽  
Atlantoaxial Rotatory Fixation ◽  
Rotatory Fixation

Occipitoatlantoaxial rotatory fixation (OAARF) is a rare condition involving fixed rotational subluxation of the atlas in relation to both the occiput and axis. Atlantoaxial rotatory fixation (AARF) appears to precede OAARF in most cases, as untreated AARF may cause compensatory counter-rotation and occipitoaxial fixation at an apparently neutral head position. We report a case of OAARF in an 8-year-old girl with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Cervical imaging demonstrated slight rightward rotation of the occiput at 7.63° in relation to C-2 and significant rightward rotation of C-1 at 65.90° in relation to the occiput and at 73.53° in relation to C-2. An attempt at closed reduction with halo traction was unsuccessful. Definitive treatment included open reduction, C-1 laminectomy, and occipitocervical internal fixation and fusion.

scholarly journals Primary skin diseases and cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases in swine

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 579-588
Author(s):  
Paula R. Pereira ◽  
Ronaldo M. Bianchi ◽  
Márcia E. Hammerschmitt ◽  
Raquel A.S. Cruz ◽  
Kivia L. Hesse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Pityriasis Rosea ◽  
Allergic Dermatitis ◽  
Follicular Cyst ◽  
Inspection Process ◽  
Conclusive Diagnosis

ABSTRACT: Skin diseases in pigs can negatively impact the production. They cause losses related to the death of the affected pigs, to the cost with the treatment, growth retardation and condemnations in the slaughterhouses. This study was developed to determine the frequency and describe the histopathological findings of skin diseases in pigs in different age groups through a retrospective study from 2006 to 2018. A total of 154 conclusive cases were analyzed, including skin restricted diseases (allergic dermatitis, exudative epidermitis, vesicular dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, swinepox, follicular cyst, papilloma and scrotal hemangioma) or skin lesions secondary to systemic diseases (erysipelas, porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS), bacterial septicemia and multiple hemorrhages without definite cause). The skin lesions were classified as bacterial (46.1%), viral (26.6%), allergic (12.3%), neoplastic (1.3%) and others (13.6%). Swine erysipelas was the most frequent diagnosis (47/154), followed by PDNS (23/154), allergic dermatitis (19/154) and exudative epidermitis (15/154). Vesicular dermatitis (9/154), pityriasis rosea (9/154), septicemia with cutaneous manifestations (9/154), swinepox (9/154) and multiple hemorrhages without definite cause (7/154) were also observed. Follicular cyst (3/154), hyperkeratosis without definite cause (2/154), papilloma (1/154), and scrotal hemangioma (1/154) were less frequently described. Of the conclusive diagnosis, age was reported in 138 cases, with the highest frequency of skin lesions observed at the inspection process during slaughter (56/138).

scholarly journals Lyme disease: Modern approaches to prevention, diagnosis and treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-554
Author(s):  
B. S. Belov ◽  
L. P. Ananyeva
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cefuroxime Axetil ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Single Oral Administration

Lyme disease (LD) or tick-borne borreliosis affects thousands of people every year in different regions of the world, primarily the United States and Europe. In endemic areas, early LD is a common disease that requires high medical vigilance. Considering the extreme relevance of this problem for public health, in November 2020, the committee of experts of three American scientific societies published an updated version of the clinical guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of LD, the main provisions of which are presented in this article. It is emphasized that in the absence of vaccines, the risk of LD and other diseases transmitted by ticks can be reduced by using personal protective equipment and repellents. Antibiotic prophylaxis is carried out by a single oral administration of doxycycline. In the laboratory diagnosis of LD, the determination of antibodies to B. burgdorfery in the blood serum is a first-line study. At the second stage, serum samples are examined using an immunoblot for IgM and IgG. The basis of treatment of LD is rational antibiotic therapy. The choice of an antibiotic depends on a number of factors, including the presence of extracutaneous manifestations of LD (neuroborreliosis, carditis, arthritis). The most commonly used are doxycycline, amoxicillin, cefuroxime-axetil and ceftriaxone.

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