Candidate Genes of Allergic Dermatitis Are Associated with Immune Response

Allergic dermatitis (AD) is a common and burdensome inflammatory skin disease, and diagnosis is challenging. This study was conducted to identify candidate genes for AD diagnosis and underlying molecular mechanisms. Gene expression profiles were obtained from datasets GSE121212, GSE130588, and GSE157194. Use differential analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between AD and control. Use enrichment analysis to identify potential molecular dysregulation mechanisms. Comprehensive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, and logistic regression analysis are used to identify candidate genes. In addition, ssGSEA and ImmPort database were used to identify AD-related immune response abnormalities. In this study, a total of 60 common genes were identified. Enrichment analysis found that these genes are mainly involved in Th17 cell immune and complement and coagulation cascades. LASSO regression analysis identified 18 feature genes, and screened genes with AUC >0.75 were selected as candidate genes. Finally, PLA2G4D, IFI6, AGR3, IGFL1, SPRR3, ATP13A5, SERPINB13, KRT16, HAS3, and CH25H were recognized as candidate genes and may be able to diagnose AD. PLA2G4D, CH25H, and IFI6 may be risk factors for AD based on logistic analysis. Furthermore, we identified the abnormalities of immune response activation in AD patients. Interestingly, PLA2G4D, CH25H, and IFI6 had positive correlations with immune cells and signaling pathways. PLA2G4D, CH25H, and IFI6 may be candidate diagnostic genes for AD. This may be related to their promotion of abnormal immune activation, especially Th17 cell immune.

Surgical creation of multiple drainage holes versus local injection of corticosteroids for treatment of aural hematomas in dogs: 51 dogs with 71 aural hematomas (2000–2017)

OBJECTIVE To investigate the outcome of surgical creation of multiple drainage holes (MDHs) versus local corticosteroid injection (LCI) for treatment of aural hematomas (AHs) in dogs and identify risk factors for recurrence and development of new AHs. ANIMALS 51 dogs with 71 AHs. PROCEDURES Medical records were reviewed, and information on signalment, clinical findings, and outcome was recorded. Recurrence was defined as development of an AH at the primary site after the first month of treatment. Development of a new AH was defined as an AH occurring at a site different from the treated site. RESULTS The recurrence rate after the first month of treatment was significantly higher following the LCI procedure (17/48 AHs [33%]) than after the MDH procedure (1/24 AHs [4%]). The odds of recurrence increased as the numbers of LCI in the first month increased (OR, 2.414). Recurrent AHs after LCI resolved with additional LCIs; only 1 AH (2%) required a change to MDHs. No recurrence was observed after the eighth month, and the cosmetic results were good. Sixteen of 51 (31%) dogs had multiple or new AHs. The risk of new AHs was higher in Golden Retrievers and Labrador Retrievers and in dogs with allergic dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Long-term outcomes suggested that both creation of MDHs and LCI can be therapeutic options for dogs with AHs. However, the risk of new AH development should be considered, especially in retriever breeds and dogs with allergic dermatitis.

Incidence and Knowledge of Occupational Health Hazards in Prosthodontic Practice at a Tertiary Hospital in Islamabad

Aim: To explore various occupational hazards and assess the level of awareness among dental students Methods: Data was prospectively collected from 80 under-graduate and post-graduate students on voluntary basis. A questionnaire pertaining to the occupational hazards was handed over to the subjects and their responses were then tabulated for statistical analysis. The study design was descriptive cross sectional. Results: Among 80 participants, chemical burns was reported by 18(22.5%), thermal burns via hot instrument by 72(90%), injuries from spirit lamp by 64(80%) , needle prick injury by 37(46.3%), injuries from sharp instruments by 74(92.5%), injuries from micro-motor by 48(60%), allergic dermatitis by 25(31.3%), hot material injury by 63(78.8%) and eye irritation by 31(38.8%). While performing daily procedures and handling patients, 100% wore gloves, 95% of the participants wore masks, 32% used protective eye wear, 97.5% followed safety protocols and 92.5% washed their hands post-operatively. Adequate knowledge regarding occupational safety was reported by 100% of participants. The source of knowledge was found to be electronic media among 50% participants, social media among 27.5% participants and social media among the remaining 22.5%. Alarmingly, only 7.5% participants had received training regarding occupational safety. 48.8% followed occupational safety protocols and 93.8% were aware of the system that existed in case of any accidents happened. Conclusion: The findings of this study are consistent with the previous studies indicating a high risk of occupational health hazards in dentistry. Keywords: Occupational accidents, Prosthodontics, Allergic dermatitis