Dental materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 647-685
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Dental Ceramics ◽  
Casting Alloys ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
Impression Materials ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Aided Design

This chapter investigates the materials used in dentistry today. This includes the properties of dental materials, amalgam, and composite resins. Enamel and dentine bonding are discussed, along with dentine-adhesive systems, glass ionomers and composite-based products, and cements. Impression materials and techniques are considered, along with casting alloys, wrought alloys, dental ceramics, and computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacture (CAM). The chapter concludes with a look at denture materials, from acrylic resins to rebasing, and the safety of dental materials.

Dental materials

2014 ◽  
pp. 626-665
Author(s):  
David A. Mitchell ◽  
Laura Mitchell ◽  
Lorna McCaul
Keyword(s):  
Dental Materials ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Dental Ceramics ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Casting Alloys ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
Impression Materials ◽  
Cad Cam

Contents. Properties of dental materials. Amalgam. Composite resins—constituents and properties. Composite resins—practical points. Enamel and dentine bonding. Dentine-adhesive systems (dentine bonding agents). Glass ionomers. Other glass ionomer/composite-based products. Cements. Impression materials. Impression techniques. Casting alloys. Wrought alloys. Dental ceramics. CAD/CAM. Denture materials—acrylic resins. Denture materials—rebasing. Safety of dental materials.

scholarly journals Awareness Among Dental Undergraduate Students Regarding CAD/CAM Technology—A Survey Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Sushmita V. Palanisamy ◽  
Chethan Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Computer Aided Manufacturing ◽  
The Third ◽  
Survey Report ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Aided Design

Abstract Background Contemporary dentistry is advancing toward computer-aided design/ computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology. But the budding dentists are unaware about the advancement. This survey aims at detecting the level of awareness among the undergraduate students and then correlating those results to modify the future curriculum. Objective The study aims (1) to assess the awareness among the dental undergraduate students and (2) to correlate the level of awareness among the third years, final years, and interns. Sample Selection Study sample consist of 300 students (third year students, final year students, and interns) of A. B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. The information of the survey was collected with the help of a questionnaire. Results More than 70% of the students were aware about the basic functioning of CAD/CAM unit and approximately 74% of the students were unaware about the materials used to fabricate the prosthesis using CAD/CAM technology.

scholarly journals Rotary Ultrasonic Machining of Dental Ceramics: A Preliminary Study on Subsurface Cracks

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhichao Li ◽  
Weilong Cong ◽  
Matthew Stanco ◽  
Zhigang Xu ◽  
Zhijian Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Dental Ceramics ◽  
Ultrasonic Machining ◽  
Abrasive Machining ◽  
Rotary Ultrasonic Machining ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Subsurface Cracks ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design

Commercially available dental computer aided design/computer aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) systems usually use abrasive machining processes such as diamond grinding and milling. One of the major disadvantages of abrasive machining processes is subsurface cracks. In the present paper, rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) technology is introduced into machining of alumina dental ceramics. The subsurface cracks are observed under scanning electron microscope. Effects of ultrasonic vibration on the subsurface cracks are also investigated. Results show that RUM is a very promising process to significantly reduce subsurface cracks in CAD/CAM of dental ceramics.

scholarly journals Torsional strength of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing–fabricated esthetic orthodontic brackets

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najla Alrejaye ◽  
Richard Pober ◽  
Russell Giordano II
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Computer Aided Manufacturing ◽  
Torsional Strength ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Ceramic Brackets ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Aided Design

ABSTRACTObjective: To fabricate orthodontic brackets from esthetic materials and determine their fracture resistance during archwire torsion.Materials and Methods: Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technology (Cerec inLab, Sirona) was used to mill brackets with a 0.018 × 0.025-inch slot. Materials used were Paradigm MZ100 and Lava Ultimate resin composite (3M ESPE), Mark II feldspathic porcelain (Vita Zahnfabrik), and In-Ceram YZ zirconia (Vita Zahnfabrik). Ten brackets of each material were subjected to torque by a 0.018 × 0.025-inch stainless steel archwire (G&H) using a specially designed apparatus. The average moments and degrees of torsion necessary to fracture the brackets were determined and compared with those of commercially available alumina brackets, Mystique MB (Dentsply GAC).Results: The YZ brackets were statistically significantly stronger than any other tested material in their resistance to torsion (P < .05). The mean torques at failure ranged from 3467 g.mm for Mark II to 11,902 g.mm for YZ. The mean torsion angles at failure ranged from 15.3° to 40.9°.Conclusion: Zirconia had the highest torsional strength among the tested esthetic brackets. Resistance of MZ100 and Lava Ultimate composite resin brackets to archwire torsion was comparable to commercially available alumina ceramic brackets.

Ceramic Fragments and Metal-free Full Crowns: A Conservative Esthetic Option for Closing Diastemas and Rehabilitating Smiles

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Miranda ◽  
KA Olivieri ◽  
FJ Rigolin ◽  
RT Basting
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Dental Ceramics ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Adhesive Cementation ◽  
Ceramic Crowns ◽  
Tooth Preparation ◽  
Aided Design

SUMMARY Dental ceramics make it possible to restore anterior teeth that have been esthetically compromised, presenting a high resistance to wear, biocompatibility, color stability, and low thermal conductivity. The development of different types of ceramic and techniques for adhesive cementation have made it possible to produce more conservative restorations without involving the healthy dental structure and with minimally invasive preparation, such as the bonding of ceramic fragments. The purpose of this article is to describe a clinical case in which diastemas were closed by using nanofluorapatite ceramic (e.max Ceram, Ivoclar-Vivadent) fragments on teeth 7 and 10 with minimal tooth preparation and metal-free ceramic crowns (e-max Ceram) reinforced with zirconia copings through a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing system (Lava, 3M-ESPE) on teeth 8 and 9.

Neural Networks for Modeling the Contact Foot-Shoe Upper

2010 ◽  
pp. 561-573
Author(s):  
M. J. Rupérez ◽  
J. D. Martín ◽  
C. Monserrat ◽  
M. Alcañiz
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Neural Model ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Footwear Design ◽  
The Relationship

Recently, important advances in virtual reality have made possible real improvements in computer aided design, CAD. These advances are being applied to all the fields and they have reached to the footwear design. The majority of the interaction foot-shoe simulation processes have been focused on the interaction between the foot and the sole. However, few efforts have been made in order to simulate the interaction between the shoe upper and the foot surface. To simulate this interaction, flexibility tests (characterization of the relationship between exerted force and displacement) are carried out to evaluate the materials used for the shoe upper. This chapter shows a procedure based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) to reduce the number of flexibility tests that are needed for a comfortable shoe design. Using the elastic parameters of the material as inputs to the ANN, it is possible to find a neural model that provides a unique equation for the relationship between force and displacement instead of a different characteristic curve for each material. Achieved results show the suitability of the proposed approach.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Materials Used for Fabrication of Complete Digital Denture

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Florina Andreescu ◽  
Doina Lucia Ghergic ◽  
Oana Botoaca ◽  
Violeta Hancu ◽  
Andreea Mariana Banateanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Complete Denture ◽  
Computer Aided Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Digital Denture

Utilization of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) rapidly increases in dental medicine. Making of computer-engineered complete denture is based on scanning of patient data, designing of prosthesis and milling or rapid prototyping. This is digital denture, term that includes innovative devices, software programmes and corresponding materials. Industrially polymerized cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is the material used for fabrication of digital denture. The aim of this study is to analyze the different cross-linked PMMA used for fabrication of CAD/CAM complete denture.

Update on acrylic resins used in dentistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Raszewski ◽  
Agnieszka Nowakowska-Toporowska ◽  
Danuta Nowakowska ◽  
Włodzimierz Więckiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use ◽  
Aided Design

: Acrylic resins are the most commonly used materials in prosthetics and orthodontics until now. They have a well-documented history of use as biomaterials in the manufacture of different types of dental appliances. The objective of this study was to describe the properties of acrylic resins and the processing methods used for these materials in dentistry. The review depicts the most important achievements in this area, indicating that the resin technology evolved in different directions. The mechanical and biological properties of acrylic resins were improved by the addition of mineral or natural fibers, and/or fillers including nanofillers, as well as by poly(methyl methacrylate) surface modification. The presence of residual monomer was reduced as a result of postpolymerization activity. New types of acrylic resins were developed for processing Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing systems and three-dimensional printing.

Evaluation of the Adhesion of a Novel Design of Veneers to Dental Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 2125-2128
Author(s):  
Alexandra Cristina Maroiu ◽  
Cosmin Sinescu ◽  
Radu Negru ◽  
Liviu Marsavina ◽  
Ioana Delia Bretean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Novel Design

The aim of this in vitro study was to assess a new design that, to our knowledge, we have introduced (patent pending) for indirect dental veneers. Their effect on the retention and adhesive properties at their interfaces have been studied. Fourteen high performance polymeric (PEEK) dental veneers have been elaborated using a computer-aided-design (CAD) software and then milled using a computer-aided-machine (CAM). They were divided in two experimental groups: seven classical veneers with a liniar marginal contour and seven dental veneers with the novel proposed sinusoidal marginal design. All the samples have been bonded to polymeric blocks that had the vestibular face prepared in a specific way for each group. The values of the retention and adhesive forces were tested in vitro by applying bending forces on the incisal edge of the veneers, from the oral to the vestibular direction. A 50% increase of the values of these forces for the novel design with regard to the classical one has been demonstrated through the study.

scholarly journals Adhesive Bonding to Computer-aided Design/Computer-aided Manufacturing Esthetic Dental Materials: An Overview

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 622-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa H Bhandi ◽  
Mohamed Moustafa Awad ◽  
H Alqahtani ◽  
A Al-Mudahi ◽  
MS Murayshed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Computer Aided Manufacturing ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Aided Design

ABSTRACT Aim To review the adhesive bonding to different computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) esthetic restorative materials. Background The use of CAD/CAM esthetic restorative materials has gained popularity in recent years. Several CAD/ CAM esthetic restorative materials are commercially available. Adhesive bonding is a major determinant of success of CAD/ CAM restorations. Review result An account of the currently available bonding strategies are discussed with their rationale in various CAD/ CAM materials. Conclusion Different surface treatment methods as well as adhesion promoters can be used to achieve reliable bonding of CAD/CAM restorative materials. Selection of bonding strategy to such material is determined based on its composition. Further evidence is required to evaluate the effect of new surface treatment methods, such as nonthermal atmospheric plasma and self-etching ceramic primer on bonding to different dental ceramics. Clinical significance An understanding of the currently available bonding strategies to CA/CAM materials can help the clinician to select the most indicated system for each category of materials. How to cite this article Awad MM, Alqahtani H, Al-Mudahi A, Murayshed MS, Alrahlah A, Bhandi SH. Adhesive Bonding to Computer-aided Design/Computer-aided Manufacturing Esthetic Dental Materials: An Overview. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(7):622-626.

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