Dental materials

2014 ◽  
pp. 626-665
Author(s):  
David A. Mitchell ◽  
Laura Mitchell ◽  
Lorna McCaul
Keyword(s):  
Dental Materials ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Dental Ceramics ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Casting Alloys ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
Impression Materials ◽  
Cad Cam

Contents. Properties of dental materials. Amalgam. Composite resins—constituents and properties. Composite resins—practical points. Enamel and dentine bonding. Dentine-adhesive systems (dentine bonding agents). Glass ionomers. Other glass ionomer/composite-based products. Cements. Impression materials. Impression techniques. Casting alloys. Wrought alloys. Dental ceramics. CAD/CAM. Denture materials—acrylic resins. Denture materials—rebasing. Safety of dental materials.

Dental materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 647-685
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Dental Ceramics ◽  
Casting Alloys ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
Impression Materials ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Aided Design

This chapter investigates the materials used in dentistry today. This includes the properties of dental materials, amalgam, and composite resins. Enamel and dentine bonding are discussed, along with dentine-adhesive systems, glass ionomers and composite-based products, and cements. Impression materials and techniques are considered, along with casting alloys, wrought alloys, dental ceramics, and computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacture (CAM). The chapter concludes with a look at denture materials, from acrylic resins to rebasing, and the safety of dental materials.

A fogászati kerámiaanyagok fejlődésének történeti áttekintése

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 284-293
Author(s):  
József Saláta
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Dental Ceramics ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Casting Alloys ◽  
Burnt Clay ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Dental Casting Alloys

Initially, ceramics - mostly burnt clay - were used to manufacture container pottery. The first porcelain objects reached Europe out of China in the Medieval Ages. The technique of their manufacturing was a mystery for many hundred years, yet Germans succeeded first to produce fine European porcelain at the beginning of the 18th century. Its elegance and hardness woke the dentists’ interest too thus Frenchmen created the first porcelain dentures in the second half of the 18th century. Since then, there has been an increasing demand for esthetic fixed implant dentures instead of removable ones. The development of ceramic materials resulted in better mechanical and optical properties, thus the first fixed porcelain inlays and jacket crowns were introduced already in 1889. The addition of leucite filler crystals to porcelain in the 20th century increased the thermal expansion of the ceramic. It could be fired on common dental casting alloys, so the first porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crown was created in 1962. Several new techniques were developed from the middle of the 1980s to the end of the 1990s to deal with initial shrinkage and achieve better properties. Beyond casting, pressing, and CAD/CAM technology, additive manufacturing opened new perspectives in dentistry several years ago in processing dental ceramics.

scholarly journals Wear Characteristics of Dental Ceramic CAD/CAM Materials Opposing Various Dental Composite Resins

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bora Gwon ◽  
Eun-Bin Bae ◽  
Jin-Ju Lee ◽  
Won-Tak Cho ◽  
Hyun-Young Bae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Dental Composite ◽  
Dental Ceramics ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Dental Ceramic ◽  
Dental Composite Resins ◽  
Cad Cam

The aim of this study was to evaluate the wear properties of opposed dental ceramic restorative CAD/CAM materials and several posterior direct restorative composite resins. Three kinds of dental ceramics CAD/CAM materials (monolithic zirconia, lithium disilicate, leucite) and four dental composite resins—that is, MI Gracefil, Gradia Direct P, Estelite Σ Quick, and Filtek Supreme Ultra—were used in this study. For each of the 12 groups (three ceramics × four composite resins), five each of a canine-shaped ceramic specimen and a cuboidal shape opposing composite resin were prepared. All of the specimens were tested in a thermomechanical loading machine (50 N, 100,000 cycles, 5/55 °C). Wear losses of ceramic specimens and composite resin specimens were evaluated using a three-dimensional profiling system and an electronic scale, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U test with Bonferroni’s correction. Zirconia showed significantly less volumetric loss than lithium disilicate or leucite regardless of composite resin type (p > 0.05/3 = 0.017), and that Estelite Σ Quick showed significantly more weight loss than Filtek Supreme Ultra, MI Gracefil, or Gradia Direct P regardless of ceramic type (p > 0.05/6 = 0.083). Zirconia showed less volumetric loss than lithium disilicate or leucite. Some composite resins opposing ceramics showed considerable weight loss.

scholarly journals Testing Sealing Properties of Restorative Materials Against Moist Dentin

1987 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 1758-1764 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.G. Terkla ◽  
A.C. Brown ◽  
A.P. Hainisch ◽  
J.C. Mitchem
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Laboratory System ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Restorative Dental Materials

The objectives of this investigation were (1) to develop a sensitive laboratory system that simulates the physiological and clinical conditions of a prepared human tooth in order to facilitate the determination of the bonding and sealing efficacies of restorative dental materials and (2) to conduct experiments with two dentin bonding agents, two posterior composite resin restorative materials (hybrid and micro filled), and a glass-ionomer type II filling material. The system functioned well and provided data to indicate that, after margination, the two posterior composite resin restorative materials performed equally and both performed better than the glass-ionomer filling material; none of the materials provided a perfect seal immediately after insertion, although some restorations demonstrated perfect seals from 16 hours to 28 days after placement; the seal of the glass-ionomer material improved after 28 days of storage in buffer solution; each successive step in the respective composite resin procedures improved the seal except in one case for the micro filled resin.

A Materials Scientist's Glimpse into the New Millennium

2000 ◽  
Vol os7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brown
Keyword(s):  
Dental Materials ◽  
Dental Amalgam ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cements ◽  
Dental Ceramics ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Dental Alloys ◽  
General Improvement ◽  
Continued Use

Questions about the materials which are in current use are posed and answered in this review, which speculates about the sort of dental materials we will be using, or would like to use in the next century. Consideration is given to the merits and failings of dental amalgam, composites and glass-ionomer cements prior to laying down the requirements of the ultimate direct filling material. The case for the continued use of dental alloys for large restorations is discussed, and new ways of forming these are described. The use of many cunning techniques to improve the resistance of dental ceramics to catastrophic failure is reported, and a general improvement in both the denture bases and orthodontic appliances of the future is predicted.

scholarly journals Interaction between photoactivators and adhesive systems used as modeling liquid on the degree of conversion of a composite for bleached teeth

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Thiago Jonathan Silva Dos Santos ◽  
Ana Margarida Dos Santos Melo ◽  
Matheus Dantas Tertulino ◽  
Boniek Castillo Dutra Borges ◽  
Ademir Oliveira Da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Degree Of Conversion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Composite Surface ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Made In

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study analyzed the effect of two light emitting diodes (LEDs) on the degree of conversion (DC) of a composite resin for bleached teeth under the influence of adhesives systems used as modeling liquid. <strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 60 samples of IPS Empress Direct resin (Ivoclar, Vivadent) in BL-L shade were made in a single increment and polymerized for 20 seconds. The treatments were: 1) Type of adhesive used as modeling liquid (Adper Single Bond 2; the bond component of Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose; or no adhesive systems used as modeling liquid were used in the control group); and 2) Type of LED (Bluephase, polywave; and Coltolux, monowave). The DC, percentage of monomers converted to polymer during polymerization, was were evaluated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) with 10 scans and wavenumber related to 1/λ for observation of the peaks at 1608 and 1638 cm<sup>-1</sup>. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's test (<em>p</em>&lt; 0.05). <strong>Results:</strong> There was no statistical difference between LEDs in comparison to the treatments (<em>p</em>&gt; 0.05). However, there was a statistically significant increase in the DC for the adhesive systems tested in comparison to the control group (<em>p</em>&lt; 0.05), with the highest values for Single Bond 2. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> It is concluded that the use of adhesives as modeling liquid of Empress Direct resin for bleached teeth shade increases the degree of conversion of the composite surface, and that curing with both kinds of LEDs does not interfere in this property.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p><strong></strong>Composite resins; Dentin-bonding agents; Surface properties.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of ionizing radiation on surface properties of current restorative dental materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Michelle Gonçalves de Amorim ◽  
Aretha Heitor Veríssimo ◽  
Anne Kaline Claudino Ribeiro ◽  
Rodrigo Othávio de Assunção e Souza ◽  
Isauremi Vieira de Assunção ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Post Radiation ◽  
Restorative Dental Materials ◽  
Ionomer Cement

AbstractTo investigate the impact of radiotherapy on surface properties of restorative dental materials. A conventional resin composite—CRC (Aura Enamel), a bulk-fill resin composite—BFRC (Aura Bulk-fill), a conventional glass ionomer cement—CGIC (Riva self cure), and a resin-modified glass ionomer cement—RMGIC (Riva light cure) were tested. Forty disc-shaped samples from each material (8 mm diameter × 2 mm thickness) (n = 10) were produced according to manufacturer directions and then stored in water distilled for 24 h. Surface wettability (water contact angle), Vickers microhardness, and micromorphology through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after exposition to ionizing radiation (60 Gy) were obtained. The data were statistically evaluated using the two-way ANOVA and Tukey posthoc test (p < 0.05). Baseline and post-radiation values of contact angles were statistically similar for CRC, BFRC, and RMGIC, whilst post-radiation values of contact angles were statistically lower than baseline ones for CGIC. Exposition to ionizing radiation statistically increased the microhardness of CRC, and statistically decreased the microhardness of CGIC. The surface micromorphology of all materials was changed post-radiation. Exposure to ionizing radiation negatively affected the conventional glass ionomer tested, while did not alter or improved surface properties testing of the resin composites and the resin-modified glass ionomer cement tested.

scholarly journals Advances in glass-ionomer cements

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (spe) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carel Leon Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Minimal Invasive ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Restorative Material ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cements ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Ionomer Cement

This article describes the properties, advances and shortcomings of glass-ionomer cement as a restorative material. The adhesion of glass-ionomer to tooth structure is less technique sensitive than composite resins and its quality increases with time. Therefore glass-ionomer might turn out to the more reliable restorative material in minimal invasive dentistry based on adhesive techniques.

scholarly journals In vitro quantitative evaluation of marginal microleakage in class II restorations confected with a glass ionomer cement and two composite resins

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Borro BIJELLA ◽  
Maria Francisca Thereza Borro BIJELLA ◽  
Salete Moura Bonifácio da SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Dye Penetration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Distal Direction ◽  
Ionomer Cement

This study evaluated, in vitro, marginal microleakage in class II restorations confected with the glass ionomer cement Vitremer and with the composite resins Ariston pHc and P-60. The aims of the study were to assess the effect of thermocycling on those materials and to evaluate two methods utilized in the analysis of dye penetration. Sixty premolars divided in three groups were utilized; the teeth had proximal cavities whose cervical walls were located 1 mm below the cementoenamel junction. Half of the test specimens from each group underwent thermocycling; the other half remained in deionized water, at 37ºC. The specimens were immersed, for 24 hours, in a basic 0.5% fuchsin solution at 37ºC. For the analysis of microleakage, the specimens were sectioned in a mesio-distal direction, and the observation was carried out with the software Imagetools. The results were evaluated through the 2-way ANOVA and through the Tukey’s test. All groups presented marginal microleakage. The smallest values were obtained with Vitremer, followed by those obtained with the composite resins P-60 and Ariston pHc. There was no statistically significant difference caused by thermocycling, and the method of maximum infiltration was the best for detecting the extension of microleakage.

scholarly journals Morphology and thickness of the diffusion of resin through demineralized or unconditioned dentinal matrix

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Augusto Galvão Arrais ◽  
Marcelo Giannini
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive System ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Hybrid Layer ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Dentin Bonding ◽  
Occlusal Surfaces ◽  
The One ◽  
Bonding Systems

The formation of a hybrid layer is the main bonding mechanism of current dentin-bonding systems. This study evaluated the morphology and thickness of the resin-infiltrated dentinal layer after the application of adhesive systems. The dentin-bonding agents were evaluated on flat dentinal preparations confected on the occlusal surfaces of human teeth. The test specimens were prepared and inspected under scanning electron microscopy at a magnification of X 2,000. The adhesive systems were responsible for different hybrid layer thicknesses (p < 0.05), and the mean values were: for Scotchbond MP Plus (SM), 7.41 ± 1.24mum; for Single Bond (SB), 5.55 ± 0.82mum; for Etch & Prime 3.0 (EP), 3.86 ± 1.17mum; and for Clearfil SE Bond (CB), 1.22 ± 0.45mum. The results suggest that the conventional three-step adhesive system (SM) was responsible for the thickest hybrid layer, followed by the one-bottle adhesive (SB). The self-etching adhesives, EP and CB, produced the formation of the thinnest hybrid layers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document