Motor development

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Sugden ◽  
Helen C. Soucie
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Dynamic Systems Theory ◽  
Atypical Development ◽  
Coordination Disorder

This chapter examines motor development from a number of perspectives. The first two sections overview a description followed by possible explanations of motor development. These sections are predicated on the assumption that two major questions permeate motor development: the first question asks what happens during development, describing and analysing the changes that occur; the second, a more difficult question, examines the possible explanations as to what are the mechanisms that are driving these changes. A third section provides an overview of recent work in the area of infant and early childhood development utilizing concepts from dynamic systems theory and ecological psychology. A fourth part examines two relatively recent ideas from early childhood and motor development. The first one promotes the idea of embodied cognition where a child’s physical, social, and linguistic interaction with the environment may be the root of flexible intelligent behaviour. The second one looks at the way in which some development is atypical, through an examination of precursors in early infancy being possible predictors for later problems. Finally, an example of atypical development is illustrated through a description of the condition known as developmental coordination disorder.

scholarly journals The role of dynamic systems theory in motor development research: how does theory inform practice and what are the potential implications for autism spectrum disorder?

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Colombo-Dougovito
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Dynamic Systems Theory ◽  
Spontaneous Movement ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Motor Movement ◽  
Spontaneous Behavior

AbstractDynamic systems theory (DST) outlines three constraints (i.e. individual, task, and environment) that influence the emergence of behavior. These constraints interact with one another to self-organize and create a spontaneous behavior. For many researchers studying motor development, this spontaneous behavior refers to the production of motor movement. DST provides an explanation for the variability and spontaneous movement that occurs from individual to individual. While this theory is accepted as one of the major explanations of motor development, it is unknown how it is being utilized to inform the research on motor development or the development of interventions. In this review, the author found 18 instances in the literature where DST had been used to analyze, test, or manipulate motor patterns and movement. Overall, the studies report a positive effect from the manipulation of constraints with respect to a change in motor pattern. Only one study was found that sought to positively improve behavior through the directed use of constraints; the majority of studies sought to understand the influence constraints have on the production of movement.

scholarly journals Thematic Learning Based On Physical Literacy for Early Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-331
Author(s):  
Asep Suherman ◽  
Adang Suherman ◽  
Tite Juliantine ◽  
Agus Mahendra
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Physical Literacy ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Thematic Learning

This study aims to develop a thematic learning model based on physical literacy for early childhood. This needs to be done because physical literacy can increase children's physical activity through various kinds of contextual movements so that learning becomes more fun, optimizes children's motor development, which will impact the development of other aspects, and reduce the risk of obesity. The research method used is a literature study with an integrative review approach with literature sources in books, international modules, and national and international research journals. Based on the literature review results, the initial design of the thematic learning model based on physical literacy consists of the phases of apperception, warming up, observation, playing, reflection, and cooling down. In each of these learning phases, physical literacy domains are integrated, including social, psychological, physical, and cognitive. Integrating all parts of physical literacy in each stage of learning is carried out so that the stimulus for early childhood development can run comprehensively.

scholarly journals Web-Based Application to Measure Motoric Development of Early Childhood

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Daviq Chairilsyah
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Performance Measurement System ◽  
Physical Literacy ◽  
Web Based

ABSTRACT Parents and early childhood educators still find it difficult to find ways to self-identify children's motor development, there needs to be innovation that measures motoric development can be easily used by parents The purpose of this study is to identify indicators of motor development in early childhood, make measuring instruments, and create a web-based measurement application. This Research and Development methodology uses mix method data analysis. This research is located in Indonesia with a sample of 590 participants. The results of the study show that valid and reliable measurement instruments for motoric development from the results of testing as many as 97 indicators are considered high value. Applications made by Information Technology experts to produce a systematic performance measurement system, making it easier for users, teachers / parents who are famous to get the results of the examination quickly and accurately. The implications of research are expected to be able to build a measuring device with the application of technology that is more developed in aspects of child development in addition to motor development, to become a facility for assessing early childhood development that makes it easier for educators to use it. Keywords: Early Childhood, Motoric Development, Web Based Application Instrument. REFERENCES Ali, A. (2012). Persepsi guru terhadap penggunaan kurikulum berasaskan bermain bagi aspek perkembangan bahasa dan literasi murid prasekolah. Malay Language Education Journal (MyLEJ), 2(1). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327953978 Azwar, S. (2014). Reliabilitas dan Validitas Edisi 4. yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Barnett, L. M., Stodden, D., Miller, A. D., Cohen, K. E., Smith, J. J., Dudley, D., … Morgan, P. J. (2016). Fundamental Movement Skills : An Important Focus Only Leads to a Limited Number, 219–225. Cairney, J., Clark, H. J., James, M. E., Mitchell, D., Dudley, D. A., & Kriellaars, D. (2018). The Preschool Physical Literacy Assessment Tool : Testing a New Physical Literacy Tool for the Early Years, 6(June), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2018.00138 Carson, H. J., Collins, D., & Carson, H. J. (2016). The fourth dimension : A motoric perspective on the anxiety – performance relationship The fourth dimension : A motoric perspective on the anxiety – performance relationship, 9858(February), 0–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2015.1072231 Griffiths, A., Toovey, R., Morgan, P. E., Spittle, A. J., & Pe, M. (2018). Psychometric properties of gross motor assessment tools for children : a systematic review, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021734 Hasnida. (2014). Analisis Kebutuhan Anak Usia Dini. Jakarta: Luxima. Helmawati. (2015). Mengenal dan Memahami PAUD. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Hiryanto. (2013). Pemetaan Tingkat Pencapaian Mutu Program Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (Paud) Di Propinsi DIY. Yogyakarta. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/url? Hurlock, E. B. (1999). Perkembangan Anak Jilid I. (Erlangga, Ed.). jakarta. Loprinzi, P. D., Davis, R. E., & Fu, Y. (2015). Early motor skill competence as a mediator of child and adult physical activity Early / Middle Childhood. PMEDR, 2, 833–838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.09.015 Malina, R. M. (2003). Motor Development during Infancy and Early Childhood : Overview and Suggested Directions for Research. International Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2(5), 50–66. Retrieved from http://www.soc.nii.ac.jp/jspe3/index.htm Monnas, L. B. (2018). Insight stories : Looking into teacher support in enhancing scientific thinking skills among pre-school students. Journal of Educational Sciences., 2(1), 19–25. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/url? Pendidikan, M., Kebudayaan, D. A. N., & Indonesia, R. PERATURAN MENTERI PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 137 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG STANDAR NASIONAL PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI (2014). Purna, R. & Kinasih, A. S. (2015). Psikologi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Jakarta: PT. Indeks. Rao, N., Sun, J., Richards, B., Weber, A. M., Sincovich, A., Darmstadt, G. L., & Ip, P. (2018). Assessing Diversity in Early Childhood Development in the East Asia-Pacific. Richard, D. (2013). Aplikasi Teori Pembelajaran Motorik di Sekolah. yogyakarta: Diva Press. Rolina, N., & Muhyidin. (2015). Metode & Media Pembelajaran (jilid 4). In Ensiklopedia Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. yogyakarta: Pustaka Insan Madani. Sani, N. A., & Yunus, F. (2018). Amalan Perancangan , Pelaksanaan dan Pentaksiran dalam Proses Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Pranumerasi di Tadika Swasta. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia, 43(2), 101–110. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JPEN-2018-43.02-10 Amalan Santioso, L. . (2016). Tes Minat dan Bakat Anak. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya Group. Suyadi. (2014). Manajemen PAUD (TPA-KB-TK/RA). yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

scholarly journals Developing instruments for measuring the level of early childhood development

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
I Wayan Gunartha ◽  
Tajularipin Sulaiman ◽  
Siti Partini Suardiman ◽  
Badrun Kartowagiran
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Reliability Estimation ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Group B ◽  
Religious Morality

The aims of the study were to: (1) develop a set of instruments to measure the level of early childhood development (kindergarten group B), and (2) assess the quality of the developed instruments. This study is developmental research. The samples of the study were the students of kindergarten group B. The developed instrument was a set of questionnaires. Instrument testing was carried out in three stages with the number of subjects increased on each stage. The validity analysis of the questionnaire used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The reliability estimation of the questionnaire used composite reliability. The results of the study are in the form of instruments for measuring the level of early childhood development, which consists of an instrument to measure religious morality, social-emotional, language, cognitive, and physical-motor development. Based on field study, all instruments have a good fit model, construct validity, and reliability that meet the academic requirements of early childhood education.

scholarly journals Influence of childcare attendance on the development of two-year-olds in a Brazilian birth cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otávio Amaral de Andrade Leão ◽  
Mariângela Freitas da Silveira ◽  
Marlos Rodrigues Domingues ◽  
Joseph Murray ◽  
Nelson Arns Neumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Low Prevalence

Abstract Background: The first years of life are the most important for human development, which is influenced by diverse factors, such as childcare attendance. Yet, little is known about the longitudinal influence of childcare in diverse domains of development. The aim of the present study was to assess the development and to measure potential influences of childcare attendance in two-year-olds from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study. Methods: The present study used longitudinal data from the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort. Childhood development at two-year-olds was assessed throughout INTER-NDA (INTERGROWTH-21st Neurodevelopment Assessment). Childcare attendance was measured at ages 1 and 2 years old and categorized as: a) never went to childcare; b) attended some childcare (either at 12 or 24 months); c) always attended childcare (both 12 and 24 months). Demographic, socioeconomic, health, and child stimulation variables were considered as confounders. Crude and adjusted analysis of childcare attendance and early childhood development were performed using linear regression. Results: Among the 3,870 infants included in the analyses, around 2/3 never went to childcare. In the crude analyses, any exposure to childcare was positively associated with development, except for in the motor domain. It was also perceived a trend positive association and higher mean values for the always category. In the adjusted analyses only children who always went to childcare had higher development scores in the total (β: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.06; 0.28), cognitive (β: 0.10, 95% CI:-0.003; 0.21) and language (β:0.10, 95% CI:-0.003; 0.21) domains, even after adjustment for stimulation variables. Conclusions: This study suggests that childcare may help improve early childhood development. The association was particularly strong for the total global development domain, even after adjusting for stimulation, but there was no association with motor development. Considering the low prevalence of children in childcare, and that it may support child development it is recommended to improve childcare opportunities in early childhood.

A Review on Dynamic Systems Theory and the Children’s Motor Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-427
Author(s):  
Hazhari Ismail Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Dynamic Systems Theory ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Adopting Dynamic Systems Theory (DST) as a way of comprehendingthe development of human being reconciles many controversies as it reorganizes the conventional approach to knowledge processing, which involves understanding cognitive science in collecting information from the local environment. This study reviews the major contribution of the theory in the holistic thought about development and how it has been developed with the children’s motor skills development, also the strengths and limitations on the horizon from the theory basis.The beginning section explores on what way DST occurs in wider context within different fields, and next in the second section offers a detailed understanding of how DST involves the children’s motor skills development. It also evaluatesparticular examples which focus on the main DST concepts.The end section focuses on advantages and disadvantages where the theory is restricted for taking the works of extension which brings to the inference of this perspective for a new understanding in children’s development. Finally, it draws an explanation for behavioral changes that could be understood in which system motion is self-assembly and self-organizingwith the framework to achieve needed actions. DST is believed to provide the greatest contribution where it knows system stability where all system elements are constantly interconnected and communicate with other triggers both internally and externally.

scholarly journals Colored plastic pulp as a collage medium in improving early childhood development

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Yetty Trisnayanti ◽  
Dwi Nomi Pura
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Fine Motor Skills ◽  
Plastic Powder ◽  
The Media ◽  
Selection Of

One development that must be considered in the growth of early childhood is motor development, namely fine and rough motor. The problem raised in this study is the lack of fine motor skills in children due to creativity in making learning media still very weak and conventional learning. The purpose of this study was to prove the increase in fine motor skills of early childhood through a colored plastic pulp collage medium. The selection of used materials for colored plastic powder is one way to utilize used material to be recycled and used as a new medium that is attractive to children in making collages to improve fine motor. This research was conducted using 2 cycles of classroom action research. The results showed an increase in fine motor skills of early childhood from undeveloped criteria, began to develop, developed according to expectations to develop very well at the stage of giving glue to the media, arranging colored plastic powder, and tidying the patterns that had been prepared

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