Cardiology

2010 ◽  
pp. 401-462
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Radionuclide Ventriculography ◽  
Cardiac Anatomy ◽  
Cardiac Markers ◽  
Volumetric Imaging ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Electrocardiographic Monitoring ◽  
Great Vessels

Cardiac catheterization 402 Cardiac markers of myocardial necrosis 406 Cardiac volumetric imaging: magnetic resonance & computed tomography 408 Echocardiography 416 Electrocardiogram 438 Electrocardiographic monitoring 446 Exercise testing 450 Myocardial perfusion imaging 454 Radionuclide ventriculography 458 Swan–Ganz catheterization 460 Tilt table testing 461 Cardiac catheterization is an invasive procedure during which catheters are placed within the cardiac chambers, coronary arteries and great vessels to provide information on cardiac anatomy, pressures, disease states, function, and oxygen saturations....

Aortic Saturation Predicted Operability in Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease with Left-to-Right Shunt

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 740-745
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease

Background: Cardiac catheterization is the gold standard to determine operability in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) with left to right shunt and pulmonary hypertension. Objective: To determine if systemic oxygen saturation could be used as a screening tool for acyanotic CHD patients who are operable without having to undergo an invasive procedure. Materials and Methods: All cardiac catheterization data at the King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital between 2002 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The inclusion criteria were acyanotic lesion with left-to-right shunt, mean pulmonary artery pressure of 25 mmHg or more, pulmonary overcirculation (Qp:Qs greater than 1), and absence of significant left sided heart disease (LAP or PCWP of less than 15 mmHg). Operability was defined as Rpi of 6 WU.m² or less and Rp:Rs of less than 0.3 in room air. The value of aortic saturation as diagnostic test for operability was analyzed by ROC curve analysis. Results: Two hundred twenty-six patients, with a median age of two years old, (IQR 0.11, 6.00) were divided into pre-tricuspid shunt (ASD, PAPVR, 9.7%), complete atrioventricular (AV) canal defect (13%), and other post-tricuspid lesion (VSD, PDA, 77%). Aortic saturation cut-off values to predict operability with 100% specificity were 98.5% in pre-tricuspid shunt, 100% in post-tricuspid shunt group, and 94.5% in complete AV canal group. Conclusion: In the present study population, aortic saturation may be used to determine operability in acyanotic CHD patients with pulmonary overcirculation. Diagnostic yield is best in patients with complete AV canal defect in whom oxygen saturation of 95% or above identified operability with close to 100% specificity. In other lesions, there appears to be no oxygen saturation that is safe to preclude cardiac catheterization. Keywords: Congenital heart disease, Acyanotic heart disease, Non-cyanotic heart lesions, Pulmonary hypertension, Operability, Aortic saturation

Cardiac Markers of Myocardial Necrosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent B. Lewandrowski
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Cardiac Markers

scholarly journals The Role of Cardiac Computed Tomography in Tetralogy of Fallot and Pulmonary Atresia

2015 ◽  
pp. 52-61
Author(s):  
Oktavia Lilyasari
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Atresia ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Great Vessels

Congenital heart disease (CHD) occurs in about 6 to 8 of 1000 live births with the increasing prevalence can be attributed to major improvements in diagnosis and treatment. Imaging has an important role in diagnosis of CHD. It outlines anatomy and physiology, helps to refine management, evaluates the consequences of interventions and helps guide prognosis. However, no single available imaging modality fulfills these roles for all patients and diseases. Therefore, assessment for CHD must involve multimodalities that can be used in a complementary fashion, and that together are sensitive, accurate, reproducible, and cost effective, whilst minimizing harm.In previous years, the diagnosis and the treatment of congenital malformations have often depended on cardiac catheterization. In many institutions, cardiac catheterization still remains the gold standard against which other modalities are measured. In the past decade, however, imaging methodologies have increasingly shifted toward the use of less invasive and noninvasive techniques. Although echocardiography is the most commonly used imaging modality for diagnosis and follow-up of subjects with CHD, the evolution of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and increasingly computed tomography (CT) does offer new ways to visualize the heart and the great vessels.

scholarly journals Predictive value of inflammation and myocardial necrosis markers in acute coronary syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 662-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Radovic
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Cardiac Markers ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb

Introduction. Biochemical cardiac markers play an important role in diagnosing and treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Markers of myocytes necrosis, troponins, have been recommended for diagnosing and treatment of myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation, myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation and unstable angina pectoris. Two more groups of cardiac markers have been gaining in importance: inflammation markers and cardiac function markers. The objective of this study was the risk stratification and identification of patients with coronary syndrome, who could take advantage from evolutionary changes of serum cardiac markers. Material and Methods. The method of the analysis sums up the results of independently published studies and literature and data base review, such as MEDLINE, PubMed and KOBSON. Inflammation markers. Systemic and localized inflammation plays an important role in the development of acute coronary syndrome. The following inflammation markers are available: C-reactive protein. IL-2, sedimentation of erythrocytes and fibrinogen; as well as myocardial necrosis markers: creatine kinase MB, myoglobin and cardiac troponins. Conclusion. Tropinins are ideal markers which enable early detection of patients with acute coronary syndrome, whereas inflammation markers are helpful in diagnosing and assessing the severity of inflammation.

scholarly journals Cardioprotective Potential of Garlic Oil and Its Active Constituent, Diallyl Disulphide, in Presence of Carvedilol during Chronic Isoprenaline Injection-Mediated Myocardial Necrosis in Rats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5137
Author(s):  
Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq ◽  
Abdulhakeem S. Alamri ◽  
Walaa F. Alsanie ◽  
Majid Alhomrani
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Tissue Homogenate ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Diallyl Disulfide ◽  
Cardiac Markers ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Garlic Oil

In isoprenaline (ISO)-induced myocardial infarcted rats, garlic oil (GO) and its main ingredient, diallyl disulfide (DADS), were examined for cardioprotective effects when used with carvedilol (CAR). GO, DADS and CAR were given to rats in their respective groups, either alone or together, with the addition of isoprenaline (3 mg/kg/day, subcutaneously) during the last 10 days of treatment. At the end of 14 days of treatment, blood samples were collected, the hearts were excised under anesthesia and weighed. Heart tissue homogenate was used to measure superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Furthermore, the serum activities of cardiac markers, including lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and cardiac troponin, were checked. Moreover, inflammatory markers including tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin one beta, interleukin six, and kappa bp65 subunit were assessed. Rats that received GO, DADS, and CAR exhibited a significant increase in the cardiac antioxidant enzyme activities with a simultaneous decrease in serum cardiac markers enzymes and inflammatory markers. The TBARS were significantly reduced in rats that received treatment. The addition of carvedilol to GO or DADS significantly elevated antioxidant activities and decreased the release of cardiac enzymes into blood circulation. Both DADS and GOl were almost similar in efficacy, indicating the potential role of DADS in garlic oil-mediated cardioprotection. Combining GO or DADS with CAR increased CAR’s cardioprotective impact and protected rats from developing ISO-induced myocardial infarction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document