Sociopathy, Antisocial Personality, and Directed Aggression in the Geriatric Population

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Zurek ◽  
Laura Stanton ◽  
Robert Kohn
Keyword(s):  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Aggravated Assault ◽  
Sizable Proportion

Elderly persons are not often thought of as being associated with criminal activity. Among the elderly for both genders, however, the percentage of persons arrested in the United States for violent crimes increased significantly from 1995 to 2013, this increase being due to more aggravated assault arrests. Epidemiological studies on antisocial personality disorder and FBI crime statistics provide an understanding of sociopathy and directed aggression in the geriatric population. This chapter addresses the risk factors for violent behavior among elderly persons and provides U.S. crime data for persons age 65 and older, presented by type of crime and by gender and race of perpetrators. The act of homicide among elderly persons is given particular attention. The chapter also discusses the role of dementia in crimes committed by elderly persons, as a sizable proportion of persons with dementia take part in criminal activity, particularly theft, although rates differ according to type of neurocognitive disorder.

Spatial Context of Residential Moves by Elderly Persons

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Golant
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Residential Mobility ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spatial Context ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
United States Population ◽  
Residential Moves ◽  
Cent Sample

This is a descriptive analysis of the spatial context of residential moves by the over age forty-five population in the United States. It utilizes residential mobility and state of birth statistics calculated from a 15 per cent sample of the United States population drawn for the U. S. Census. It specifically focuses on the likelihood that the age sixty-five and over white and black mover will relocate within his same county or state of residence. The paper reveals that the preponderance of residential moves by the elderly (whether black or white) are within the same county. Only a relatively small percentage make interstate moves. The majority of elderly live in the state of their birth. However, there is no evidence that as a consequence of aging moves become more spatially restricted until after age seventy-five. It is argued that greater emphasis be placed on not why elderly persons move, but why when they do, their residential relocations occur within varying spatial contexts.

Bed-Ridden Elderly in Japan: Social Progress and Care for the Elderly

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Imai
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
Social Welfare Services ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Demand For Health

The demand for health care and social welfare services for the elderly has increased and in Japan, there is a need in the social system to improve the quality of life, especially for those who are disabled. This article directs attention to bed-ridden elderly persons from the standpoint of social problems attending economic development and population changes based on data from Japan, the United States, Sweden, and OECD countries. Compared to the United States, there are more bed-ridden elderly in Japan, and inadequate public resources for caring. Physicians, nurses, care workers, and rehabilitation specialists such as physiotherapist and occupational therapist per 1000 aged sixty-five or over are 89.5 in Japan while 237.4 in Sweden. Japan has the fewest such health and welfare personnel among developed countries. Even with increases in such personnel through the New Gold Plan, future increase in aged population would off-set the effect and the problem of providing care for the elderly remains.

scholarly journals The Psychogeriatric Patient in the Emergency Room: Focus on Management and Disposition

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry Tang ◽  
Priyanka Patel ◽  
Jagdish Khubchandani ◽  
George T. Grossberg
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Room ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychiatric Consultation ◽  
Urban Hospital ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient Unit ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Psychogeriatric Patients

Background. The growing geriatric population in the United States (US) has prompted better understanding of treatment of the elderly in the hospital and emergency room (ER) settings. This study examines factors influencing the disposition of psychogeriatric patients after their initial presentation in the ER. Methods. Data was collected on patients 65 years of age or older arriving at the ER of a large urban hospital in the USA (January 2009–December 2010). Results. Of the total subjects (n=95) included in the study, majority were females (66.3%) with an average age of 75.5 years. The chief complaint for psychogeriatric patients coming to the ER was delirium (61.6%). Caucasians were significantly more likely than African-American patients to get a psychiatric consult (33% versus 9%). Patients with delirium were less likely than patients with other psychiatric complaints to get a psychiatric consult in the ER (1.2% versus 47.2%) and less likely to be referred to a psychiatric inpatient unit compared to patients with other psychiatric complaints (2.4% versus 16.7%). Conclusion. Even though delirium is the most common reason for ER visits among psychogeriatric patients, very few delirium patients got a psychiatric consultation in the ER. A well-equipped geriatric psychiatry unit can manage delirium and associated causes.

scholarly journals Relative effectiveness of influenza vaccines in elderly persons in the United States, 2012/2013-2017/2018 seasons

npj Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Amaral de Avila Machado ◽  
Cristiano S. Moura ◽  
Michal Abrahamowicz ◽  
Brian J. Ward ◽  
Louise Pilote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Dose ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
Quadrivalent Vaccine ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Real World Setting

AbstractInfluenza immunization protects seniors against influenza and its potentially serious complications. It is uncertain whether standard-dose (SD) quadrivalent vaccine offers better protection over other formulations in the elderly. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of SD-trivalent, high-dose (HD) trivalent, SD-quadrivalent, and adjuvanted trivalent vaccines in seniors (≥65 years) in a real-world setting. We selected over 200,000 individuals in each of 6 influenza seasons from 2012 to 2018 using MarketScan® databases. The two outcomes were hospitalization or emergency room (ER) visit due to (1) influenza or (2) pneumonia. Here, SD-quadrivalent was associated with higher risk of influenza-related hospitalization/ER visit (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.14 and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.05–1.24) and of pneumonia-related hospitalization/ER visit (aHR 1.04 and 95% CI 1.01–1.07) vs. HD-trivalent. SD-trivalent followed similar trends compared to HD-trivalent (aHR 1.16 and 95% CI 1.06–1.27 for hospitalized/ER visit influenza; aHR 1.07 and 95% CI 1.05–1.10 for hospitalized/ER visit pneumonia). We could not demonstrate risk differences between SD vaccine formulations and between adjuvanted trivalent and one of the other three vaccines. Risk estimates slightly varied across seasons. These findings suggest that SD vaccine formulations vs. HD-trivalent were associated with higher risk of hospitalization/ER visit for influenza and pneumonia in seniors.

scholarly journals Lessons of mortality following COVID-19 epidemic in the United States especially in the geriatrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e06-e06
Author(s):  
Majid Daneshfar ◽  
Nahid Dadashzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ahmadpour ◽  
Hedieh Ragati Haghi ◽  
Vahid Rahmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Metropolitan County ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Respiratory Droplets ◽  
Metropolitan Counties

COVID-19 is spreading all around the world, and is considered as the most widespread infectious disease of the century. Coronavirus transmits through respiratory droplets when in close contact with the infected person. Therefore, populous places are more likely to be the source of the novel coronavirus that is threatening the health of everyone especially the geriatric population. This study aimed to compare the transmission of coronavirus between metropolitan and non- metropolitan counties as lessons of mortality (especially in geriatric) following COVID-19 epidemic. The USAFact.org public website (https://usafacts.org/visualizations) was used to determine the transmission between metro and non- metropolitan counties. In this study, four different time periods were considered for the COVID-19 incremental trend (April 1, May 1, June 1, and July 1, 2020). The number of cases was determined per each 10,000 population. Yellow color means no case in the metropolitan county (metro). Orange color means less than 10 cases/10,000 of the population in metro. Figure and maps were used to show the objectives of the study. In metropolitan counties, the spread of COVID-19 is very fast, which is significantly different from the non-metro counties (P<0.001). The results show the sharp increasing trend of infected people in metropolitan counties. In metropolitan counties the number of infected people reached 2 420 316 cases per 10 000 populations but the number of infected people reached 231 459 cases per 10 000 populations. Over the four months period, the frequency of the light colors was decreased. According to the results, susceptible people especially the elderly should move to non- metropolitan counties during the COVID-19 pandemic to be less likely at risk.

Legislative and Educational Alternatives to a Judicial Remedy for the Transfer Trauma Dilemma

1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-432
Author(s):  
Elias S. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Social Problems ◽  
Due Process ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Gerontological Research ◽  
Educational Alternatives ◽  
Lower Courts ◽  
Judicial Remedy

AbstractTransfer trauma is alleged to be an increase in morbidity and mortality in institutionally relocated chronically ill elderly. Efforts by the legal profession to persuade courts that transfer trauma should be a legally recognized phenomenon invoking judicial protections against transfer (the “transfer trauma argument”) have been unproductive. In O'Bannon v. Town Court Nursing Center, Inc., the United States Supreme Court denied standing to elderly persons claiming a property interest in remaining in alleged substandard facilities. The Court rejected the argument that the possibility of transfer trauma constituted a deprivation of life or liberty that would have required due process protections of notice and hearing. Despite the Court's preclusion of transfer trauma litigation in a constitutional context and the general unwillingness of lower courts to recognize the phenomenon, attorneys continue to burden the judicial system with frivolous transfer trauma arguments. The unfruitful pursuit of a judicial remedy for the ethical and social problems that arise with relocation of the elderly continues, in part, because of a misguided belief that this distressing social phenomenon is best remedied by the courts. Judicial unwillingness to recognize the transfer trauma argument, however, does not preclude legislative consideration of the humanitarian issues concerning the institutional relocation of elderly persons. This Article examines gerontological research in order to understand the judicial rejection of the transfer trauma argument and argues in support of legislative and educational solutions for the ethical and social problems attending transfer.

Geriatric Psychiatry and Fellowship Programs in the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
David Cordon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Consensus Conference ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
Fellowship Programs ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Commit Suicide

Psychiatric disorders are extremely common in the elderly and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. For example, 8% to 15% of the geriatric population has clinically significant symptoms of depression (NIH Consensus Conference, 1992). Elderly Americans commit suicide at a rate twice the national average (National Strategy for Suicide Prevention, 2007). Ten to 15% of elderly community residents have Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or other dementias (Evans et al., 1989). AD is the seventh-leading cause of death in the United States (Centers for Disease Control, 2006).

scholarly journals FRAILTY MEDIATES SENILITY IN MEXICAN AMERICANS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S291-S291
Author(s):  
Raymond F Palmer ◽  
Donald R Royall ◽  
Brian Downer ◽  
Kyriakos Markides
Keyword(s):  
Mexican Americans ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Cognitive Frailty ◽  
Dementia Severity ◽  
Acceptable Model ◽  
Using Data

Abstract The latent construct “d” (for “dementia”) offers a continuously distributed transdiagnostic dementia severity metric. Age is significantly associated with “d”. We test whether frailty mediates age’s effect on 6 year prospective change in dementia severity in Mexican-Americans (MA), using data from the Hispanic Established Population for Epidemiological Studies in the Elderly (HEPESE). Age was regressed onto the 6yr prospective slope of change in “d” in N = 880 [mean age = 77.4 (6.1) at wave 3]. Change in “d” was estimated by a latent growth curve (LGC) indicated by latent cognitive measures across three HEPESE waves (i.e., 3, 5 and 6). “Frailty” was assessed by a modified version of Fried et al.’s construct observed at wave 5, and was tested as a mediator of age’s association with change in “d”. The mediation effect was estimated by MacKinnon’s method. “d” at each wave, and the LGC of change in “d” all had acceptable model fit (e.g. RMSEA &lt;.05). Age was significantly associated with change in “d”. 51% of their association was explained by frailty. Frailty mediates the majority of age’s association with dementia severity. Not only does this support the existence of a cognitive “frailty” syndrome in MA, it also implicates an effect of frailty on intelligence (as “d” is derived from Spearman’s general intelligence factor “g”). Their association may be mediated by blood-based serum biomarkers, including somatomedins, which may offer targets for the treatment and /or prevention of senility in frail elderly persons.

Residential Isolation of the Elderly: A Comparison over Time

1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Wall
Keyword(s):  
Regional Variation ◽  
Final Section ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Local Tradition ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Eastern Half

ABSTRACTSince 1962 there has been a marked increase in the number of elderly people in Britain living on their own. The present paper presents a detailed examination of the composition of households containing elderly persons in pre-industrial England, in 1962 and in 1980 in conjunction with an overview of the situation in a number of other European countries and in the United States. On the basis of this evidence it is argued that it is impossible to sustain the view of a linear progression from pre-industrial times when the elderly lived with their children to modern times when they live on their own. The final section takes up the question of the variation in the residence patterns of pensioners in England and Wales in 1981 following from the region of residence and the type of property occupied by the household. The highest proportion of pensioners living on their own were found in the eastern half of the country, excluding London and the adjacent metropolitan area, but including Manchester. Pensioners who were owner-occupiers were more likely than council tenants to be living with 2 or more non-pensioners. On the other hand, only in the case of the private tenant did the nature of the tenure remove all trace of the regional variation and the inference was drawn that social class, occupation and local tradition were influencing the residence patterns independently of the effect of tenure.

Review of Suicide among Elderly Persons

1986 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Kirsling
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Mental Health Programs

The literature was reviewed on the topic of suicide among elderly persons. Incidence rates were discussed from the United States as well as other countries. Suicide rates were noted for the general population and by specific age and sex groups within the elderly population. Contributing factors included depression, bereavement, loss of confidant, retirement, socioeconomic and occupational factors, and “the level of unbearability”, a very personalized set of conditions which may trigger the suicidal act. Current preventive strategies were then considered, including increased educational efforts for family members and friends of potential victims, the role of the physician, and societal initiatives such as retirement considerations and existing mental health programs. Lastly, recommendations for the strengthening of current preventive strategies and the development of new initiatives and research were discussed.

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