Management of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Endemic during COVID-19 Pandemic in India

The second wave of COVID-19 has worst impacted the country like India. However, the third wave is much predicted and may be infection among the children at risk. The endemic of diseases that outbreak from time to time in particular regions of India have shown several challenges to the health system in the past. The most likely endemic is Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) for few states of India that is reported during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon season. However, AES had the highest chances of being found in pediatric age only with very few exceptions. The symptoms are confusing for diagnosing COVID-19 patients, and a great fear that the symptoms may overlap with AES. The sudden outbreak of AES during the current COVID-19 pandemic may intersect the demand for health resources, oxygen and isolated beds. The common insistence among the AES and COVID-19 patients will be oxygen demands, wards-bed (in NICU, PICU) and drugs. Hence, early preparedness is of utmost demand, simultaneously strengthening health infrastructures in this aspect is obvious. Key words: Acute Encephalitis Syndrome, AES, COVID-19 pandemic in India.

A Juridical Review on the Enforcement of Criminal Law to the Violations of Tender Conspiracy Practices in the Procurement of Government Goods/Services in Health Sector

Due to the demand for health care services that is getting higher, making business actors engaged in the provision of health services/facilities also seek to further improve the services they have to meet market demand. Hospitals and health clinics are increasingly diverse in offering health services to potential consumers. So that people as consumers also have a variety of choices to fulfill their needs for health services. The health sector is one of the programs that has a fairly large budget item at this time, namely the health equipment procurement program. The large budget allocation from the government opens up opportunities to be misused if there is no strict supervision from the stakeholders themselves or from other institutions. The health budget that should be used to build public health is actually used to enrich oneself and others which can result in poor service and quality of public health. Meanwhile, one of the basic problems related to business competition in Indonesia is the process of procurement of government goods/services. In the process of procuring government goods and services, some believe that there are still many practices of conspiracy to determine the winner in a tender. This clearly contradicts the principles and mechanisms that have been regulated in Presidential Regulation No. 12 of 2021 concerning Government Procurement of Goods/Services and Law No. 5 of 1999 concerning Government Procurement. KPPU was formed based on the mandate of Law Number 5 of 1999. The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which the limitations and powers of the KPPU are related to the handling of cases of tender conspiracy which have implications for criminal acts.

Construction and Evaluation of Intelligent Medical Diagnosis Model Based on Integrated Deep Neural Network

In recent years, as human life expectancy increases, birth rate decreases and health management concerns; the traditional Healthcare imaging system, with its uneven Healthcare imaging resources, high Healthcare imaging costs, and diagnoses often relying on doctors’ clinical experience and equipment level limitations, has affected people’s demand for health, so there is a need for a more accurate, convenient, and affordable Healthcare imaging system that allows all people to enjoy fair and quality Healthcare imaging services. This paper discusses the construction and evaluation of an intelligent medical diagnostic model based on integrated deep neural networks, which not only provides a systematic diagnostic analysis of the various symptoms input by the inquirer but also has higher accuracy and efficiency compared with traditional medical diagnostic models. The construction of this model provides a theoretical basis for integrating deep neural networks applied to medical neighborhoods with big data algorithms.

A Review on Emerging Pollutants in the Water Environment: Existences, Health Effects and Treatment Processes

Emerging pollutants (EPs), also known as micropollutants, have been a major issue for the global population in recent years as a result of the potential threats they bring to the environment and human health. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), antibiotics, and hormones that are used in great demand for health and cosmetic purposes have rapidly culminated in the emergence of environmental pollutants. EPs impact the environment in a variety of ways. EPs originate from animal or human sources, either directly discharged into waterbodies or slowly leached via soils. As a result, water quality will deteriorate, drinking water sources will be contaminated, and health issues will arise. Since drinking water treatment plants rely on water resources, the prevalence of this contamination in aquatic environments, particularly surface water, is a severe problem. The review looks into several related issues on EPs in water environment, including methods in removing EPs. Despite its benefits and downsides, the EPs treatment processes comprise several approaches such as physico-chemical, biological, and advanced oxidation processes. Nonetheless, one of the membrane-based filtration methods, ultrafiltration, is considered as one of the technologies that promises the best micropollutant removal in water. With interesting properties including a moderate operating manner and great selectivity, this treatment approach is more popular than conventional ones. This study presents a comprehensive summary of EP’s existence in the environment, its toxicological consequences on health, and potential removal and treatment strategies.

Innovative Solutions to Overcome the Health Services Crisis within the Covid-19 Era

The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has fundamentally changed the natural course of activity of all economic sectors worldwide, as well as the healthcare sector which was deeply influenced. This paper analyzes the relationship between the increased demand for health services during the pandemic and the limited supply of healthcare using the transversal method for some European Union (EU) states.

The health workforce: central to an effective response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe

Background COVID-19 has reinforced the centrality of health workers at the core of a well performing and resilient health system. It has concomitantly exposed the risks of staffing and skills shortages and the importance of protecting the health workforce. This paper focuses on highlighting some of the lessons learnt, challenges and future needs of the health workforce in Europe in the context of COVID-19. Methods We use secondary sources and expert information. Results During the pandemic innovative and flexible approaches were implemented to meet increasing demand for health workers and new skills and responsibilities were adopted over a short period of time. We have seen the rapid adaptation and use of new technologies to deliver care. The pandemic has underlined the importance of valuing, protecting and caring for our health workforce and the need to invest appropriately and adequately in the health workforce to have sufficient, capable and well-motivated health workers. Some of the main challenges that lie ahead of us include the imperative for better investment, to need to improve recruitment and retraining whilst better retaining health workers, a focus on domestic sustainability, redeploying and developing new skills and competences among health workers, enabling more effective multi-professional collaboration and team work, improving the quality of education and training, increasing the public health focus and promoting ethical and sustainable international recruitment of health workers. Conclusions The WHO European Region through its European Programme of Work 2020-2025 is fully committed to support countries in their efforts to continue to respond to COVID-19 and whilst addressing upcoming health workforce challenges.

Health Communication and Popularization in the Context of Epidemic Era: Preferences of the Chinese General Population

Background In the current era of big data, it is critical to address people's demand for health science knowledge. At present, the traditional mode of communicating scientific health knowledge and information technology are interchangeable, resulting in the emergence of a new mode of communicating health science knowledge. To publicize health education and popular science knowledge in a targeted way, to meet the public's needs, and to understand how the public's demand for subjects, contents, and forms of health science service has changed in the epidemic era, the investigation of public's demand for health information and popular science knowledge was conducted. Objective This study aims to understand the differences in demand for health science popularization service providers, contents, channels, forms, and facilities among Chinese citizens with different genders, ages, education levels, economic conditions, and living environments, and to provide reasonable recommendations for developing health science popularization. Methods Questionnaire Star was used to conduct a large sample of random online surveys. In Wuhan, Hubei Province, 2184 questionnaires were issued, 8 invalid questionnaires were eliminated, and 2176 were recovered, with an effective rate of 99.6%. IBM SPSS Statistics 20 was utilized to analyze the survey data. Results (1) In health science popularization service providers selected by the public, the proportion of government departments or government collaboration with other institutions exceeded 73%, indicating that health science popularization services are public goods; (2) access to health science popularization services was lower in township areas than in urban areas (P < 0.001); (3) internet media and communicating with acquaintances, which have the highest popularity rate, were also the two channels that were least trusted by the public; and (4) the differences in contents and service channels of health science popularization among residents with different genders, ages, education levels, economic status, and living environments were statistically significant. Conclusions (1) It is recommended to establish an integrated health science popularization service model with multi-center supply. Government departments, medical institutions, and media should cooperate effectively to provide health science popularization services. (2) The government should pay attention to the fairness of health education and strengthen the supply of health science popularization services in township areas. (3) It is critical to strengthen the public's ability to discriminate network information and pay attention to scientific thinking cultivation. (4) Health science popularization service providers must focus on the differences between public demands and improve the connotation of health science services.

Contact-Free Mortuary Trolley Design as a Device for the Mobility of Covid-19 Victims

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused many issues, especially in the medical field. One of the groups that are affected by the pandemic the worst is the health workers. The surge of demand for health services, especially for Covid-19 patients, overwhelms health workers, forcing them to work extra hard and eventually experience exhaustion. Due to this condition, the health workers may face difficulties in doing heavy-duty work. This paper proposes a design of a mortuary trolley as a device to ease the health workers in handling the dead bodies of Covid-19 victims. Considering the need for a corpse mobility aid that is contact-free, the design utilizes a combination of a scissor lift structure, a power screw mechanism to elevate and lower the table, and a conveyor system to load and unload the table. To ensure that the device can operate without experiencing unwanted failure, strength analyses are done on the most critical components, such as the scissor arm, pin joint, power screw, and scissor arm connector, to determine the safety factor at maximum load in static and fatigue loading condition. Analysis results show that all those components have a safety factor greater than 1 for both static and fatigue loading conditions, indicating the device will not yield and is predicted to have infinite life. The design and analyses of this device can be a reference for manufacturers of medical devices to design a mortuary trolley to ease the work of health workers.