The burned patient Physiology and pathology

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Fiona Wood ◽  
Keith Judkins
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Systems Management ◽  
Burned Patient ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Many ◽  
Improve Patient

The pathophysiology of the burn patient is complex with far-reaching effects on virtually all tissues and organ systems. Management of the many different tissue disturbances is best in a multidisciplinary team—with clinicians dealing with their particular area of expertise as part of an organized and coordinated association. An understanding of the inflammatory response is key to understanding the effect of burn injury on different organ systems, and how this can be best modulated to improve patient outcomes. The effects of burn injury are local and systemic—with growing evidence that the long-term sequelae are equally widespread and lifelong.

scholarly journals Barriers to Working With National Health Service England’s Open Data (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seb Bacon ◽  
Ben Goldacre
Keyword(s):  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
National Health ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Open Datasets ◽  
The Many ◽  
Improve Patient

UNSTRUCTURED Open data is information made freely available to third parties in structured formats without restrictive licensing conditions, permitting commercial and noncommercial organizations to innovate. In the context of National Health Service (NHS) data, this is intended to improve patient outcomes and efficiency. EBM DataLab is a research group with a focus on online tools which turn our research findings into actionable monthly outputs. We regularly import and process more than 15 different NHS open datasets to deliver OpenPrescribing.net, one of the most high-impact use cases for NHS England’s open data, with over 15,000 unique users each month. In this paper, we have described the many breaches of best practices around NHS open data that we have encountered. Examples include datasets that repeatedly change location without warning or forwarding; datasets that are needlessly behind a “CAPTCHA” and so cannot be automatically downloaded; longitudinal datasets that change their structure without warning or documentation; near-duplicate datasets with unexplained differences; datasets that are impossible to locate, and thus may or may not exist; poor or absent documentation; and withholding of data for dubious reasons. We propose new open ways of working that will support better analytics for all users of the NHS. These include better curation, better documentation, and systems for better dialogue with technical teams.

scholarly journals Barriers to Working With National Health Service England’s Open Data

10.2196/15603 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. e15603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seb Bacon ◽  
Ben Goldacre
Keyword(s):  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
National Health ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Open Datasets ◽  
The Many ◽  
Improve Patient

Open data is information made freely available to third parties in structured formats without restrictive licensing conditions, permitting commercial and noncommercial organizations to innovate. In the context of National Health Service (NHS) data, this is intended to improve patient outcomes and efficiency. EBM DataLab is a research group with a focus on online tools which turn our research findings into actionable monthly outputs. We regularly import and process more than 15 different NHS open datasets to deliver OpenPrescribing.net, one of the most high-impact use cases for NHS England’s open data, with over 15,000 unique users each month. In this paper, we have described the many breaches of best practices around NHS open data that we have encountered. Examples include datasets that repeatedly change location without warning or forwarding; datasets that are needlessly behind a “CAPTCHA” and so cannot be automatically downloaded; longitudinal datasets that change their structure without warning or documentation; near-duplicate datasets with unexplained differences; datasets that are impossible to locate, and thus may or may not exist; poor or absent documentation; and withholding of data for dubious reasons. We propose new open ways of working that will support better analytics for all users of the NHS. These include better curation, better documentation, and systems for better dialogue with technical teams.

scholarly journals Increased Radiation-Associated T-Cell Infiltration in Recurrent IDH-Mutant Glioma

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7801
Author(s):  
Anastasia Makarevic ◽  
Carmen Rapp ◽  
Steffen Dettling ◽  
David Reuss ◽  
Christine Jungk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cells ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
T Cell Infiltration ◽  
Recurrent Tumors ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Improve Patient

Most gliomas are associated with a fatal prognosis and remain incurable because of their infiltrative growth. Consequently, the addition of immunotherapy to conventional therapy may improve patient outcomes. Here, we analyzed T-cell infiltration and, therefore, a major prerequisite for successful immunotherapy in a series of primary (n = 78) and recurrent (n = 66) isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant glioma and their changes following treatment with radio- and/or chemotherapy. After multicolor immunofluorescence staining, T cells were counted in entire tumor sections using a software-based setup. Newly diagnosed diffuse IDH-mutant gliomas displayed a median T-cell infiltration of 0.99 T cells/mm2 (range: 0–48.97 CD3+ T cells/mm2), which was about two-fold increased for CD3+, helper, and cytotoxic T cells in recurrent glioma. Furthermore, T-cell infiltration of recurrent tumors was associated with the type of adjuvant treatment of the primary tumor. Interestingly, only glioma patients solely receiving radiotherapy presented consistently with increased T-cell infiltration in their recurrent tumors. This was confirmed in a subset of 27 matched pairs. In conclusion, differences in the T-cell infiltration of primary and recurrent gliomas were demonstrated, and evidence was provided for a beneficial long-term effect on T-cell infiltration upon treatment with radiotherapy.

Novel stoma appliances to minimise complications and improve patient outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (16) ◽  
pp. S4-S10
Author(s):  
Fiona Le Ber
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Preoperative Care ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Application Security ◽  
Peristomal Skin ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
Stoma Care

Stomas are created for a number of reasons and, if they are formed without the opportunity for preoperative care and consideration, such as siting, stoma care needs can be more complex in the long term. Patient quality of life can be negatively affected by the incidence of stoma related complications, such as leakage or sore skin. A new range of products, Aura Plus, distributed by CliniMed Ltd in the UK, were evaluated on more than 200 patients with a stoma and assessed for comfort, ease of application, security and leakage. Case studies highlight positive patient outcomes following the use of Aura Plus, and demonstrate how Aura Plus can benefit patients experiencing different needs with their stoma care, such as leakage, peristomal skin complications or a parastomal hernia.

On Future Directions in Pathology

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 274-277
Author(s):  
Benjamin F. Trump ◽  
Irene K. Berezesky ◽  
Raymond T. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Diagnostic Pathology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Many

The role of electron microscopy and associated techniques is assured in diagnostic pathology. At the present time, most of the progress has been made on tissues examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with light microscopy (LM) and by cytochemistry using both plastic and paraffin-embedded materials. As mentioned elsewhere in this symposium, this has revolutionized many fields of pathology including diagnostic, anatomic and clinical pathology. It began with the kidney; however, it has now been extended to most other organ systems and to tumor diagnosis in general. The results of the past few years tend to indicate the future directions and needs of this expanding field. Now, in addition to routine EM, pathologists have access to the many newly developed methods and instruments mentioned below which should aid considerably not only in diagnostic pathology but in investigative pathology as well.

Combined Approaches to the Skull Base for Intracranial Extension of Tumors via Perineural Spread can Improve Patient Outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheri Palejwala ◽  
Jonnae Barry ◽  
Crystal Rodriguez ◽  
Chandni Parikh ◽  
Stephen Goldstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Intracranial Extension ◽  
Perineural Spread ◽  
Improve Patient

Microporous Polysaccharide Hemosphere Absorbable Hemostat (AristaAH®) in Re-Operative Cardiac Surgical Procedures

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-98
Author(s):  
Brian A Bruckner ◽  
Matthias Loebe
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Transfusion Requirement ◽  
Cardiac Surgical Procedures ◽  
Platelet Inhibitors ◽  
Hemostatic Agents ◽  
Surgical Field ◽  
Improve Patient

Patients undergoing re-operative cardiac surgical procedures present a great challenge with regard to obtaining hemostasis in the surgical field. Adhesions are ever-present and these patients are often on oral anti-coagulants and platelet inhibitors. As part of a well-planned surgical intervention, a systematic approach to hemostasis should be employed to decrease blood transfusion requirement and improve patient outcomes. Topical hemostatic agents can be a great help to the surgeon in achieving surgical field hemostasis and are increasingly being employed. Our approach, to these difficult patients, includes the systematic and planned use of AristaAH, which is a novel hemostatic agent whose use has proven safe and efficacious in our patient population.

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